2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
4 * Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
6 * Memory region support
7 * David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
9 * Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
10 * Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
12 * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
13 * Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
15 * Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
16 * Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
21 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/sfi.h>
31 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
32 #include <linux/initrd.h>
33 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
34 #include <linux/memblock.h>
35 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
36 #include <linux/console.h>
37 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
38 #include <linux/highmem.h>
39 #include <linux/module.h>
40 #include <linux/efi.h>
41 #include <linux/init.h>
42 #include <linux/edd.h>
43 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
44 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
45 #include <linux/kexec.h>
46 #include <linux/dmi.h>
47 #include <linux/pfn.h>
48 #include <linux/pci.h>
49 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
50 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
51 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
52 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
54 #include <linux/errno.h>
55 #include <linux/kernel.h>
56 #include <linux/stddef.h>
57 #include <linux/unistd.h>
58 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
59 #include <linux/user.h>
60 #include <linux/delay.h>
62 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
63 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
64 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
65 #include <linux/ctype.h>
66 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
68 #include <linux/percpu.h>
69 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
70 #include <linux/tboot.h>
71 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
73 #include <video/edid.h>
77 #include <asm/realmode.h>
79 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
80 #include <asm/setup.h>
82 #include <asm/timer.h>
83 #include <asm/i8259.h>
84 #include <asm/sections.h>
86 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
88 #include <asm/setup_arch.h>
89 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
90 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
91 #include <asm/processor.h>
94 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
98 #include <asm/iommu.h>
100 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
101 #include <asm/proto.h>
103 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
104 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
105 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
107 #include <asm/percpu.h>
108 #include <asm/topology.h>
109 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
110 #include <asm/amd_nb.h>
112 #include <asm/numa_64.h>
115 #include <asm/alternative.h>
116 #include <asm/prom.h>
119 * max_low_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn under 4GB
120 * max_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn over 4GB
122 * The direct mapping only covers E820_RAM regions, so the ranges and gaps are
123 * represented by pfn_mapped
125 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
126 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
129 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536);
133 static __initdata unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
134 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
137 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu)
139 return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu);
142 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int phys_apicid)
144 return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(phys_apicid);
148 #ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_BOOT_PARAMS
149 struct boot_params __initdata boot_params;
151 struct boot_params boot_params;
157 static struct resource data_resource = {
158 .name = "Kernel data",
161 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
164 static struct resource code_resource = {
165 .name = "Kernel code",
168 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
171 static struct resource bss_resource = {
172 .name = "Kernel bss",
175 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
180 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
181 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data __cpuinitdata = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
182 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
183 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
184 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
186 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp;
188 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
189 unsigned int machine_id;
190 unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
191 unsigned int BIOS_revision;
193 struct apm_info apm_info;
194 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info);
196 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
197 defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
198 struct ist_info ist_info;
199 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info);
201 struct ist_info ist_info;
205 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
206 .x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS,
208 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
212 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
213 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
215 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features = X86_CR4_PAE;
218 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
219 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version;
224 struct screen_info screen_info;
225 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info);
226 struct edid_info edid_info;
227 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info);
229 extern int root_mountflags;
231 unsigned long saved_video_mode;
233 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
234 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
235 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
237 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
238 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
239 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
242 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
244 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
248 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
249 * from boot_params into a safe place.
252 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
254 memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
255 sizeof(edd.mbr_signature));
256 memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info));
257 edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries;
258 edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
261 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
266 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align)
268 size_t mask = align - 1;
271 BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0);
272 BUG_ON(align & mask);
274 _brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask;
275 BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit);
277 ret = (void *)_brk_end;
280 memset(ret, 0, size);
286 static void __init cleanup_highmap(void)
291 static void __init reserve_brk(void)
293 if (_brk_end > _brk_start)
294 memblock_reserve(__pa(_brk_start),
295 __pa(_brk_end) - __pa(_brk_start));
297 /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
302 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
304 #define MAX_MAP_CHUNK (NR_FIX_BTMAPS << PAGE_SHIFT)
305 static void __init relocate_initrd(void)
307 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
308 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
309 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
310 u64 area_size = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size);
312 unsigned long slop, clen, mapaddr;
315 /* We need to move the initrd down into directly mapped mem */
316 ramdisk_here = memblock_find_in_range(0, PFN_PHYS(max_pfn_mapped),
317 area_size, PAGE_SIZE);
320 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
323 /* Note: this includes all the mem currently occupied by
324 the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
325 memblock_reserve(ramdisk_here, area_size);
326 initrd_start = ramdisk_here + PAGE_OFFSET;
327 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
328 printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
329 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size - 1);
331 q = (char *)initrd_start;
333 /* Copy the initrd */
334 while (ramdisk_size) {
335 slop = ramdisk_image & ~PAGE_MASK;
337 if (clen > MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop)
338 clen = MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop;
339 mapaddr = ramdisk_image & PAGE_MASK;
340 p = early_memremap(mapaddr, clen+slop);
341 memcpy(q, p+slop, clen);
342 early_iounmap(p, clen+slop);
344 ramdisk_image += clen;
345 ramdisk_size -= clen;
348 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
349 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
350 printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from [mem %#010llx-%#010llx] to"
351 " [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
352 ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1,
353 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size - 1);
356 static u64 __init get_mem_size(unsigned long limit_pfn)
359 u64 mapped_pages = 0;
360 unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
362 for_each_mem_pfn_range(i, MAX_NUMNODES, &start_pfn, &end_pfn, NULL) {
363 start_pfn = min_t(unsigned long, start_pfn, limit_pfn);
364 end_pfn = min_t(unsigned long, end_pfn, limit_pfn);
365 mapped_pages += end_pfn - start_pfn;
368 return mapped_pages << PAGE_SHIFT;
370 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
372 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
373 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
374 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
375 u64 ramdisk_end = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size);
378 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
379 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
380 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
384 mapped_size = get_mem_size(max_pfn_mapped);
385 if (ramdisk_size >= (mapped_size>>1))
386 panic("initrd too large to handle, "
387 "disabling initrd (%lld needed, %lld available)\n",
388 ramdisk_size, mapped_size>>1);
390 printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", ramdisk_image,
393 if (pfn_range_is_mapped(PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_image),
394 PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_end))) {
395 /* All are mapped, easy case */
397 * don't need to reserve again, already reserved early
398 * in i386_start_kernel
400 initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
401 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
407 memblock_free(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image);
410 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
413 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
415 static void __init parse_setup_data(void)
417 struct setup_data *data;
420 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
422 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
424 u32 data_len, map_len;
426 map_len = max(PAGE_SIZE - (pa_data & ~PAGE_MASK),
427 (u64)sizeof(struct setup_data));
428 data = early_memremap(pa_data, map_len);
429 data_len = data->len + sizeof(struct setup_data);
430 if (data_len > map_len) {
431 early_iounmap(data, map_len);
432 data = early_memremap(pa_data, data_len);
436 switch (data->type) {
438 parse_e820_ext(data);
446 pa_data = data->next;
447 early_iounmap(data, map_len);
451 static void __init e820_reserve_setup_data(void)
453 struct setup_data *data;
457 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
459 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
461 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
462 e820_update_range(pa_data, sizeof(*data)+data->len,
463 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED_KERN);
465 pa_data = data->next;
466 early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
471 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
472 memcpy(&e820_saved, &e820, sizeof(struct e820map));
473 printk(KERN_INFO "extended physical RAM map:\n");
474 e820_print_map("reserve setup_data");
477 static void __init memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void)
479 struct setup_data *data;
482 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
484 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
486 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
487 memblock_reserve(pa_data, sizeof(*data) + data->len);
488 pa_data = data->next;
489 early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
494 * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
500 * Keep the crash kernel below this limit. On 32 bits earlier kernels
501 * would limit the kernel to the low 512 MiB due to mapping restrictions.
502 * On 64 bits, kexec-tools currently limits us to 896 MiB; increase this
503 * limit once kexec-tools are fixed.
506 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX (512 << 20)
508 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX (896 << 20)
511 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
513 unsigned long long total_mem;
514 unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
517 total_mem = memblock_phys_mem_size();
519 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
520 &crash_size, &crash_base);
521 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
524 /* 0 means: find the address automatically */
525 if (crash_base <= 0) {
526 const unsigned long long alignment = 16<<20; /* 16M */
529 * kexec want bzImage is below CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX
531 crash_base = memblock_find_in_range(alignment,
532 CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX, crash_size, alignment);
535 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
539 unsigned long long start;
541 start = memblock_find_in_range(crash_base,
542 crash_base + crash_size, crash_size, 1<<20);
543 if (start != crash_base) {
544 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - memory is in use.\n");
548 memblock_reserve(crash_base, crash_size);
550 printk(KERN_INFO "Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB "
551 "for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
552 (unsigned long)(crash_size >> 20),
553 (unsigned long)(crash_base >> 20),
554 (unsigned long)(total_mem >> 20));
556 crashk_res.start = crash_base;
557 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
558 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res);
561 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
566 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = {
567 { .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f,
568 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
569 { .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21,
570 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
571 { .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43,
572 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
573 { .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53,
574 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
575 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60,
576 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
577 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64,
578 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
579 { .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f,
580 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
581 { .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1,
582 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
583 { .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf,
584 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
585 { .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff,
586 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }
589 void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
593 /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
594 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++)
595 request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]);
599 static __init void reserve_ibft_region(void)
601 unsigned long addr, size = 0;
603 addr = find_ibft_region(&size);
606 memblock_reserve(addr, size);
609 static unsigned reserve_low = CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW << 10;
611 static void __init trim_bios_range(void)
614 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory;
615 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally
616 * not listed as such in the E820 table.
618 * This typically reserves additional memory (64KiB by default)
619 * since some BIOSes are known to corrupt low memory. See the
620 * Kconfig help text for X86_RESERVE_LOW.
622 e820_update_range(0, ALIGN(reserve_low, PAGE_SIZE),
623 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
626 * special case: Some BIOSen report the PC BIOS
627 * area (640->1Mb) as ram even though it is not.
630 e820_remove_range(BIOS_BEGIN, BIOS_END - BIOS_BEGIN, E820_RAM, 1);
631 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
634 static int __init parse_reservelow(char *p)
636 unsigned long long size;
641 size = memparse(p, &p);
654 early_param("reservelow", parse_reservelow);
657 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been
658 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
659 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
660 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
661 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
664 * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
666 * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
669 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
672 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data));
673 visws_early_detect();
676 * copy kernel address range established so far and switch
677 * to the proper swapper page table
679 clone_pgd_range(swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
680 initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
683 load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
686 printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
690 * If we have OLPC OFW, we might end up relocating the fixmap due to
691 * reserve_top(), so do this before touching the ioremap area.
697 early_ioremap_init();
699 setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
701 ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev);
702 screen_info = boot_params.screen_info;
703 edid_info = boot_params.edid_info;
705 apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info;
706 ist_info = boot_params.ist_info;
707 if (boot_params.sys_desc_table.length != 0) {
708 machine_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[0];
709 machine_submodel_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[1];
710 BIOS_revision = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[2];
713 saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode;
714 bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader;
715 if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) {
716 bootloader_type &= 0xf;
717 bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4;
719 bootloader_version = bootloader_type & 0xf;
720 bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4;
722 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
723 rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK;
724 rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0);
725 rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0);
728 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
732 } else if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
737 if (efi_enabled && efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range())
741 x86_init.oem.arch_setup();
743 iomem_resource.end = (1ULL << boot_cpu_data.x86_phys_bits) - 1;
746 /* update the e820_saved too */
747 e820_reserve_setup_data();
751 if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags)
752 root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
753 init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
754 init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
755 init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
756 init_mm.brk = _brk_end;
758 code_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_text);
759 code_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_etext)-1;
760 data_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_etext);
761 data_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_edata)-1;
762 bss_resource.start = virt_to_phys(&__bss_start);
763 bss_resource.end = virt_to_phys(&__bss_stop)-1;
765 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
766 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
767 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
769 if (builtin_cmdline[0]) {
770 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
771 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
772 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
773 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
778 strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
779 *cmdline_p = command_line;
782 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect
783 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug
784 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). It may then be called
785 * again from within noexec_setup() during parsing early parameters
786 * to honor the respective command line option.
794 /* after early param, so could get panic from serial */
795 memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data();
797 if (acpi_mps_check()) {
798 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
801 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC);
805 if (pci_early_dump_regs)
806 early_dump_pci_devices();
809 finish_e820_parsing();
817 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
818 * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP.
820 init_hypervisor_platform();
822 x86_init.resources.probe_roms();
824 /* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
825 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource);
826 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource);
827 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource);
830 * Complain if .text .data and .bss are not marked as E820_RAM and
831 * attempt to fix it by adding the range. We may have a confused BIOS,
832 * or the user may have incorrectly supplied it via memmap=exactmap. If
833 * we really are running on top non-RAM, we will crash later anyways.
835 if (!e820_all_mapped(code_resource.start, __pa(__brk_limit), E820_RAM)) {
836 pr_warn(".text .data .bss are not marked as E820_RAM!\n");
838 e820_add_region(code_resource.start,
839 __pa(__brk_limit) - code_resource.start + 1,
845 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
846 e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL, 0x40000ULL, E820_RAM,
848 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
849 printk(KERN_INFO "fixed physical RAM map:\n");
850 e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
853 early_gart_iommu_check();
857 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
858 * we are rounding upwards:
860 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
862 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
864 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn))
865 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
868 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */
869 find_low_pfn_range();
871 num_physpages = max_pfn;
875 /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
876 /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
877 if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))
878 max_low_pfn = e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn();
880 max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
882 high_memory = (void *)__va(max_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
886 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
890 reserve_ibft_region();
892 early_alloc_pgt_buf();
895 * Need to conclude brk, before memblock_x86_fill()
896 * it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with
903 memblock.current_limit = ISA_END_ADDRESS;
907 * The EFI specification says that boot service code won't be called
908 * after ExitBootServices(). This is, in fact, a lie.
911 efi_reserve_boot_services();
913 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
914 early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
916 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
917 setup_bios_corruption_check();
920 printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-%#010lx]\n",
921 (max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT) - 1);
927 memblock.current_limit = get_max_mapped();
928 dma_contiguous_reserve(0);
931 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
934 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
935 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early)
936 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
938 /* Allocate bigger log buffer */
943 reserve_crashkernel();
950 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
952 acpi_boot_table_init();
954 early_acpi_boot_init();
957 memblock_find_dma_reserve();
959 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_GUEST
963 x86_init.paging.pagetable_init();
965 if (boot_cpu_data.cpuid_level >= 0) {
966 /* A CPU has %cr4 if and only if it has CPUID */
967 mmu_cr4_features = read_cr4();
968 if (trampoline_cr4_features)
969 *trampoline_cr4_features = mmu_cr4_features;
973 /* sync back kernel address range */
974 clone_pgd_range(initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
975 swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
985 generic_apic_probe();
990 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
997 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
999 if (smp_found_config)
1002 prefill_possible_map();
1006 init_apic_mappings();
1007 if (x86_io_apic_ops.init)
1008 x86_io_apic_ops.init();
1012 e820_reserve_resources();
1013 e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn);
1015 x86_init.resources.reserve_resources();
1020 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1021 if (!efi_enabled || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY))
1022 conswitchp = &vga_con;
1023 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
1024 conswitchp = &dummy_con;
1027 x86_init.oem.banner();
1029 x86_init.timers.wallclock_init();
1033 arch_init_ideal_nops();
1035 register_refined_jiffies(CLOCK_TICK_RATE);
1038 /* Once setup is done above, disable efi_enabled on mismatched
1039 * firmware/kernel archtectures since there is no support for
1042 if (efi_enabled && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_64) != efi_64bit) {
1043 pr_info("efi: Setup done, disabling due to 32/64-bit mismatch\n");
1050 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1052 static struct resource video_ram_resource = {
1053 .name = "Video RAM area",
1056 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
1059 void __init i386_reserve_resources(void)
1061 request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource);
1062 reserve_standard_io_resources();
1065 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */