2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
4 * Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
6 * Memory region support
7 * David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
9 * Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
10 * Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
12 * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
13 * Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
15 * Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
16 * Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
21 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
31 #include <linux/initrd.h>
32 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
33 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
34 #include <linux/console.h>
35 #include <linux/mca.h>
36 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
37 #include <linux/highmem.h>
38 #include <linux/module.h>
39 #include <linux/efi.h>
40 #include <linux/init.h>
41 #include <linux/edd.h>
42 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
43 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
44 #include <linux/kexec.h>
45 #include <linux/dmi.h>
46 #include <linux/pfn.h>
47 #include <linux/pci.h>
48 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
49 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
50 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
52 #include <linux/errno.h>
53 #include <linux/kernel.h>
54 #include <linux/stddef.h>
55 #include <linux/unistd.h>
56 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
57 #include <linux/slab.h>
58 #include <linux/user.h>
59 #include <linux/delay.h>
61 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
62 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
63 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
64 #include <linux/ctype.h>
65 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
67 #include <linux/percpu.h>
68 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
70 #include <video/edid.h>
75 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
76 #include <asm/setup.h>
78 #include <asm/timer.h>
79 #include <asm/i8259.h>
80 #include <asm/sections.h>
82 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
85 #include <asm/setup_arch.h>
86 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
87 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
88 #include <asm/processor.h>
91 #include <asm/system.h>
92 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
96 #include <asm/iommu.h>
98 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
99 #include <asm/proto.h>
101 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
102 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
104 #include <asm/percpu.h>
105 #include <asm/topology.h>
106 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
108 #include <asm/numa_64.h>
112 * end_pfn only includes RAM, while max_pfn_mapped includes all e820 entries.
113 * The direct mapping extends to max_pfn_mapped, so that we can directly access
114 * apertures, ACPI and other tables without having to play with fixmaps.
116 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
117 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
119 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536);
121 unsigned int boot_cpu_id __read_mostly;
123 static __initdata unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
124 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
127 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu)
129 return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu);
132 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int boot_cpu_physical_apicid)
134 return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(boot_cpu_physical_apicid);
138 #ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_BOOT_PARAMS
139 struct boot_params __initdata boot_params;
141 struct boot_params boot_params;
147 static struct resource data_resource = {
148 .name = "Kernel data",
151 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
154 static struct resource code_resource = {
155 .name = "Kernel code",
158 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
161 static struct resource bss_resource = {
162 .name = "Kernel bss",
165 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
170 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
171 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data __cpuinitdata = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
172 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
173 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
174 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
175 static void set_mca_bus(int x)
182 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp;
184 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
185 unsigned int machine_id;
186 unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
187 unsigned int BIOS_revision;
189 struct apm_info apm_info;
190 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info);
192 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
193 defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
194 struct ist_info ist_info;
195 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info);
197 struct ist_info ist_info;
201 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
202 .x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS,
204 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
208 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
209 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
211 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features = X86_CR4_PAE;
214 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
215 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version;
220 struct screen_info screen_info;
221 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info);
222 struct edid_info edid_info;
223 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info);
225 extern int root_mountflags;
227 unsigned long saved_video_mode;
229 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
230 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
231 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
233 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
234 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
235 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
238 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
240 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
244 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
245 * from boot_params into a safe place.
248 static inline void copy_edd(void)
250 memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
251 sizeof(edd.mbr_signature));
252 memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info));
253 edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries;
254 edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
257 static inline void copy_edd(void)
262 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align)
264 size_t mask = align - 1;
267 BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0);
268 BUG_ON(align & mask);
270 _brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask;
271 BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit);
273 ret = (void *)_brk_end;
276 memset(ret, 0, size);
282 static void __init init_gbpages(void)
284 if (direct_gbpages && cpu_has_gbpages)
285 printk(KERN_INFO "Using GB pages for direct mapping\n");
290 static inline void init_gbpages(void)
295 static void __init reserve_brk(void)
297 if (_brk_end > _brk_start)
298 reserve_early(__pa(_brk_start), __pa(_brk_end), "BRK");
300 /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
305 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
307 #define MAX_MAP_CHUNK (NR_FIX_BTMAPS << PAGE_SHIFT)
308 static void __init relocate_initrd(void)
311 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
312 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
313 u64 end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT;
315 unsigned long slop, clen, mapaddr;
318 /* We need to move the initrd down into lowmem */
319 ramdisk_here = find_e820_area(0, end_of_lowmem, ramdisk_size,
322 if (ramdisk_here == -1ULL)
323 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
326 /* Note: this includes all the lowmem currently occupied by
327 the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
328 reserve_early(ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size,
330 initrd_start = ramdisk_here + PAGE_OFFSET;
331 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
332 printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: %08llx - %08llx\n",
333 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size);
335 q = (char *)initrd_start;
337 /* Copy any lowmem portion of the initrd */
338 if (ramdisk_image < end_of_lowmem) {
339 clen = end_of_lowmem - ramdisk_image;
340 p = (char *)__va(ramdisk_image);
343 ramdisk_image += clen;
344 ramdisk_size -= clen;
347 /* Copy the highmem portion of the initrd */
348 while (ramdisk_size) {
349 slop = ramdisk_image & ~PAGE_MASK;
351 if (clen > MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop)
352 clen = MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop;
353 mapaddr = ramdisk_image & PAGE_MASK;
354 p = early_memremap(mapaddr, clen+slop);
355 memcpy(q, p+slop, clen);
356 early_iounmap(p, clen+slop);
358 ramdisk_image += clen;
359 ramdisk_size -= clen;
361 /* high pages is not converted by early_res_to_bootmem */
362 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
363 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
364 printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from %016llx - %016llx to"
365 " %08llx - %08llx\n",
366 ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1,
367 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size - 1);
370 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
372 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
373 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
374 u64 ramdisk_end = ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size;
375 u64 end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT;
377 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
378 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
379 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
383 if (ramdisk_size >= (end_of_lowmem>>1)) {
384 free_early(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end);
385 printk(KERN_ERR "initrd too large to handle, "
386 "disabling initrd\n");
390 printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: %08llx - %08llx\n", ramdisk_image,
394 if (ramdisk_end <= end_of_lowmem) {
395 /* All in lowmem, easy case */
397 * don't need to reserve again, already reserved early
398 * in i386_start_kernel
400 initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
401 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
407 free_early(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end);
410 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
413 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
415 static void __init parse_setup_data(void)
417 struct setup_data *data;
420 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
422 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
424 data = early_memremap(pa_data, PAGE_SIZE);
425 switch (data->type) {
427 parse_e820_ext(data, pa_data);
432 pa_data = data->next;
433 early_iounmap(data, PAGE_SIZE);
437 static void __init e820_reserve_setup_data(void)
439 struct setup_data *data;
443 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
445 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
447 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
448 e820_update_range(pa_data, sizeof(*data)+data->len,
449 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED_KERN);
451 pa_data = data->next;
452 early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
457 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
458 memcpy(&e820_saved, &e820, sizeof(struct e820map));
459 printk(KERN_INFO "extended physical RAM map:\n");
460 e820_print_map("reserve setup_data");
463 static void __init reserve_early_setup_data(void)
465 struct setup_data *data;
469 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
471 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
473 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
474 sprintf(buf, "setup data %x", data->type);
475 reserve_early(pa_data, pa_data+sizeof(*data)+data->len, buf);
476 pa_data = data->next;
477 early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
482 * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
488 * Reserve @size bytes of crashkernel memory at any suitable offset.
490 * @size: Size of the crashkernel memory to reserve.
491 * Returns the base address on success, and -1ULL on failure.
494 unsigned long long __init find_and_reserve_crashkernel(unsigned long long size)
496 const unsigned long long alignment = 16<<20; /* 16M */
497 unsigned long long start = 0LL;
502 start = find_e820_area(start, ULONG_MAX, size, alignment);
506 /* try to reserve it */
507 ret = reserve_bootmem_generic(start, size, BOOTMEM_EXCLUSIVE);
515 static inline unsigned long long get_total_mem(void)
517 unsigned long long total;
519 total = max_low_pfn - min_low_pfn;
520 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
521 total += highend_pfn - highstart_pfn;
524 return total << PAGE_SHIFT;
527 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
529 unsigned long long total_mem;
530 unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
533 total_mem = get_total_mem();
535 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
536 &crash_size, &crash_base);
537 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
540 /* 0 means: find the address automatically */
541 if (crash_base <= 0) {
542 crash_base = find_and_reserve_crashkernel(crash_size);
543 if (crash_base == -1ULL) {
544 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed. "
545 "No suitable area found.\n");
549 ret = reserve_bootmem_generic(crash_base, crash_size,
552 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - "
553 "memory is in use\n");
558 printk(KERN_INFO "Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB "
559 "for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
560 (unsigned long)(crash_size >> 20),
561 (unsigned long)(crash_base >> 20),
562 (unsigned long)(total_mem >> 20));
564 crashk_res.start = crash_base;
565 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
566 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res);
569 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
574 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = {
575 { .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f,
576 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
577 { .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21,
578 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
579 { .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43,
580 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
581 { .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53,
582 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
583 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60,
584 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
585 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64,
586 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
587 { .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f,
588 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
589 { .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1,
590 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
591 { .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf,
592 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
593 { .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff,
594 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }
597 void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
601 /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
602 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++)
603 request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]);
608 * Note: elfcorehdr_addr is not just limited to vmcore. It is also used by
609 * is_kdump_kernel() to determine if we are booting after a panic. Hence
610 * ifdef it under CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP and not CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE.
613 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
614 /* elfcorehdr= specifies the location of elf core header
615 * stored by the crashed kernel. This option will be passed
616 * by kexec loader to the capture kernel.
618 static int __init setup_elfcorehdr(char *arg)
623 elfcorehdr_addr = memparse(arg, &end);
624 return end > arg ? 0 : -EINVAL;
626 early_param("elfcorehdr", setup_elfcorehdr);
629 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW_64K
630 static int __init dmi_low_memory_corruption(const struct dmi_system_id *d)
633 "%s detected: BIOS may corrupt low RAM, working around it.\n",
636 e820_update_range(0, 0x10000, E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
637 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
643 /* List of systems that have known low memory corruption BIOS problems */
644 static struct dmi_system_id __initdata bad_bios_dmi_table[] = {
645 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW_64K
647 .callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
650 DMI_MATCH(DMI_BIOS_VENDOR, "American Megatrends Inc."),
654 .callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
655 .ident = "Phoenix BIOS",
657 DMI_MATCH(DMI_BIOS_VENDOR, "Phoenix Technologies"),
662 * AMI BIOS with low memory corruption was found on Intel DG45ID board.
663 * It hase different DMI_BIOS_VENDOR = "Intel Corp.", for now we will
664 * match only DMI_BOARD_NAME and see if there is more bad products
667 .callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
670 DMI_MATCH(DMI_BOARD_NAME, "DG45ID"),
678 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been
679 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
680 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
681 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
682 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
685 * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
687 * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
690 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
693 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data));
694 visws_early_detect();
696 printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
699 /* VMI may relocate the fixmap; do this before touching ioremap area */
703 early_ioremap_init();
705 ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev);
706 screen_info = boot_params.screen_info;
707 edid_info = boot_params.edid_info;
709 apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info;
710 ist_info = boot_params.ist_info;
711 if (boot_params.sys_desc_table.length != 0) {
712 set_mca_bus(boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[3] & 0x2);
713 machine_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[0];
714 machine_submodel_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[1];
715 BIOS_revision = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[2];
718 saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode;
719 bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader;
720 if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) {
721 bootloader_type &= 0xf;
722 bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4;
724 bootloader_version = bootloader_type & 0xf;
725 bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4;
727 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
728 rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK;
729 rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0);
730 rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0);
733 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
745 x86_init.oem.arch_setup();
749 /* update the e820_saved too */
750 e820_reserve_setup_data();
754 if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags)
755 root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
756 init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
757 init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
758 init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
759 init_mm.brk = _brk_end;
761 code_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_text);
762 code_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_etext)-1;
763 data_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_etext);
764 data_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_edata)-1;
765 bss_resource.start = virt_to_phys(&__bss_start);
766 bss_resource.end = virt_to_phys(&__bss_stop)-1;
768 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
769 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
770 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
772 if (builtin_cmdline[0]) {
773 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
774 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
775 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
776 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
781 strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
782 *cmdline_p = command_line;
790 /* Must be before kernel pagetables are setup */
793 /* after early param, so could get panic from serial */
794 reserve_early_setup_data();
796 if (acpi_mps_check()) {
797 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
800 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC);
804 if (pci_early_dump_regs)
805 early_dump_pci_devices();
808 finish_e820_parsing();
815 dmi_check_system(bad_bios_dmi_table);
818 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
819 * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP.
821 init_hypervisor(&boot_cpu_data);
823 x86_init.resources.probe_roms();
825 /* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
826 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource);
827 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource);
828 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource);
832 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
833 e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL, 0x40000ULL, E820_RAM,
835 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
836 printk(KERN_INFO "fixed physical RAM map:\n");
837 e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
840 early_gart_iommu_check();
844 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
845 * we are rounding upwards:
847 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
849 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
850 early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
851 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
853 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn))
854 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
857 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */
858 find_low_pfn_range();
860 num_physpages = max_pfn;
864 /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
865 /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
866 if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))
867 max_low_pfn = e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn();
869 max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
871 high_memory = (void *)__va(max_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
872 max_pfn_mapped = KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE >> PAGE_SHIFT;
875 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
876 setup_bios_corruption_check();
879 printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped : 0 - %08lx\n",
880 max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT);
886 /* max_pfn_mapped is updated here */
887 max_low_pfn_mapped = init_memory_mapping(0, max_low_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
888 max_pfn_mapped = max_low_pfn_mapped;
891 if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn) {
892 max_pfn_mapped = init_memory_mapping(1UL<<32,
893 max_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
894 /* can we preseve max_low_pfn ?*/
895 max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
900 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
903 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
904 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early)
905 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
915 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
917 acpi_boot_table_init();
919 early_acpi_boot_init();
921 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA
923 * Parse SRAT to discover nodes.
928 initmem_init(0, max_pfn);
930 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP
932 * Reserve low memory region for sleep support.
934 acpi_reserve_bootmem();
937 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
941 reserve_crashkernel();
945 * dma32_reserve_bootmem() allocates bootmem which may conflict
946 * with the crashkernel command line, so do that after
947 * reserve_crashkernel()
949 dma32_reserve_bootmem();
952 reserve_ibft_region();
954 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_CLOCK
958 x86_init.paging.pagetable_setup_start(swapper_pg_dir);
960 x86_init.paging.pagetable_setup_done(swapper_pg_dir);
966 generic_apic_probe();
971 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
976 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
978 if (smp_found_config)
981 prefill_possible_map();
987 init_apic_mappings();
988 ioapic_init_mappings();
990 /* need to wait for io_apic is mapped */
995 e820_reserve_resources();
996 e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn);
998 x86_init.resources.reserve_resources();
1003 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1004 if (!efi_enabled || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY))
1005 conswitchp = &vga_con;
1006 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
1007 conswitchp = &dummy_con;
1010 x86_init.oem.banner();
1013 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1015 static struct resource video_ram_resource = {
1016 .name = "Video RAM area",
1019 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
1022 void __init i386_reserve_resources(void)
1024 request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource);
1025 reserve_standard_io_resources();
1028 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */