2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
4 * Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
6 * Memory region support
7 * David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
9 * Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
10 * Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
12 * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
13 * Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
15 * Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
16 * Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
21 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/sfi.h>
31 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
32 #include <linux/initrd.h>
33 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
34 #include <linux/memblock.h>
35 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
36 #include <linux/console.h>
37 #include <linux/mca.h>
38 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
39 #include <linux/highmem.h>
40 #include <linux/module.h>
41 #include <linux/efi.h>
42 #include <linux/init.h>
43 #include <linux/edd.h>
44 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
45 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
46 #include <linux/kexec.h>
47 #include <linux/dmi.h>
48 #include <linux/pfn.h>
49 #include <linux/pci.h>
50 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
51 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
52 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
54 #include <linux/errno.h>
55 #include <linux/kernel.h>
56 #include <linux/stddef.h>
57 #include <linux/unistd.h>
58 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
59 #include <linux/user.h>
60 #include <linux/delay.h>
62 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
63 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
64 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
65 #include <linux/ctype.h>
66 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
68 #include <linux/percpu.h>
69 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
70 #include <linux/tboot.h>
72 #include <video/edid.h>
76 #include <asm/trampoline.h>
78 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
79 #include <asm/setup.h>
81 #include <asm/timer.h>
82 #include <asm/i8259.h>
83 #include <asm/sections.h>
85 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
88 #include <asm/setup_arch.h>
89 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
90 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
91 #include <asm/processor.h>
94 #include <asm/system.h>
95 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
99 #include <asm/iommu.h>
100 #include <asm/gart.h>
101 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
102 #include <asm/proto.h>
104 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
105 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
106 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
108 #include <asm/percpu.h>
109 #include <asm/topology.h>
110 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
113 #include <asm/numa_64.h>
118 * end_pfn only includes RAM, while max_pfn_mapped includes all e820 entries.
119 * The direct mapping extends to max_pfn_mapped, so that we can directly access
120 * apertures, ACPI and other tables without having to play with fixmaps.
122 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
123 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
126 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536);
129 unsigned int boot_cpu_id __read_mostly;
131 static __initdata unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
132 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
135 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu)
137 return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu);
140 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int phys_apicid)
142 return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(phys_apicid);
146 #ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_BOOT_PARAMS
147 struct boot_params __initdata boot_params;
149 struct boot_params boot_params;
155 static struct resource data_resource = {
156 .name = "Kernel data",
159 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
162 static struct resource code_resource = {
163 .name = "Kernel code",
166 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
169 static struct resource bss_resource = {
170 .name = "Kernel bss",
173 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
178 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
179 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data __cpuinitdata = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
180 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
181 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
182 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
183 static void set_mca_bus(int x)
190 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp;
192 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
193 unsigned int machine_id;
194 unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
195 unsigned int BIOS_revision;
197 struct apm_info apm_info;
198 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info);
200 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
201 defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
202 struct ist_info ist_info;
203 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info);
205 struct ist_info ist_info;
209 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
210 .x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS,
212 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
216 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
217 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
219 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features = X86_CR4_PAE;
222 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
223 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version;
228 struct screen_info screen_info;
229 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info);
230 struct edid_info edid_info;
231 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info);
233 extern int root_mountflags;
235 unsigned long saved_video_mode;
237 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
238 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
239 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
241 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
242 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
243 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
246 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
248 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
252 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
253 * from boot_params into a safe place.
256 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
258 memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
259 sizeof(edd.mbr_signature));
260 memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info));
261 edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries;
262 edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
265 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
270 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align)
272 size_t mask = align - 1;
275 BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0);
276 BUG_ON(align & mask);
278 _brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask;
279 BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit);
281 ret = (void *)_brk_end;
284 memset(ret, 0, size);
290 static void __init init_gbpages(void)
292 if (direct_gbpages && cpu_has_gbpages)
293 printk(KERN_INFO "Using GB pages for direct mapping\n");
298 static inline void init_gbpages(void)
303 static void __init reserve_brk(void)
305 if (_brk_end > _brk_start)
306 memblock_x86_reserve_range(__pa(_brk_start), __pa(_brk_end), "BRK");
308 /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
313 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
315 #define MAX_MAP_CHUNK (NR_FIX_BTMAPS << PAGE_SHIFT)
316 static void __init relocate_initrd(void)
318 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
319 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
320 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
321 u64 area_size = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size);
322 u64 end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT;
324 unsigned long slop, clen, mapaddr;
327 /* We need to move the initrd down into lowmem */
328 ramdisk_here = memblock_find_in_range(0, end_of_lowmem, area_size,
331 if (ramdisk_here == MEMBLOCK_ERROR)
332 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
335 /* Note: this includes all the lowmem currently occupied by
336 the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
337 memblock_x86_reserve_range(ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + area_size, "NEW RAMDISK");
338 initrd_start = ramdisk_here + PAGE_OFFSET;
339 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
340 printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: %08llx - %08llx\n",
341 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size);
343 q = (char *)initrd_start;
345 /* Copy any lowmem portion of the initrd */
346 if (ramdisk_image < end_of_lowmem) {
347 clen = end_of_lowmem - ramdisk_image;
348 p = (char *)__va(ramdisk_image);
351 ramdisk_image += clen;
352 ramdisk_size -= clen;
355 /* Copy the highmem portion of the initrd */
356 while (ramdisk_size) {
357 slop = ramdisk_image & ~PAGE_MASK;
359 if (clen > MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop)
360 clen = MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop;
361 mapaddr = ramdisk_image & PAGE_MASK;
362 p = early_memremap(mapaddr, clen+slop);
363 memcpy(q, p+slop, clen);
364 early_iounmap(p, clen+slop);
366 ramdisk_image += clen;
367 ramdisk_size -= clen;
369 /* high pages is not converted by early_res_to_bootmem */
370 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
371 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
372 printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from %016llx - %016llx to"
373 " %08llx - %08llx\n",
374 ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1,
375 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size - 1);
378 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
380 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
381 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
382 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
383 u64 ramdisk_end = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size);
384 u64 end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT;
386 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
387 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
388 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
392 if (ramdisk_size >= (end_of_lowmem>>1)) {
393 memblock_x86_free_range(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end);
394 printk(KERN_ERR "initrd too large to handle, "
395 "disabling initrd\n");
399 printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: %08llx - %08llx\n", ramdisk_image,
403 if (ramdisk_end <= end_of_lowmem) {
404 /* All in lowmem, easy case */
406 * don't need to reserve again, already reserved early
407 * in i386_start_kernel
409 initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
410 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
416 memblock_x86_free_range(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end);
419 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
422 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
424 static void __init parse_setup_data(void)
426 struct setup_data *data;
429 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
431 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
433 data = early_memremap(pa_data, PAGE_SIZE);
434 switch (data->type) {
436 parse_e820_ext(data, pa_data);
441 pa_data = data->next;
442 early_iounmap(data, PAGE_SIZE);
446 static void __init e820_reserve_setup_data(void)
448 struct setup_data *data;
452 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
454 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
456 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
457 e820_update_range(pa_data, sizeof(*data)+data->len,
458 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED_KERN);
460 pa_data = data->next;
461 early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
466 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
467 memcpy(&e820_saved, &e820, sizeof(struct e820map));
468 printk(KERN_INFO "extended physical RAM map:\n");
469 e820_print_map("reserve setup_data");
472 static void __init memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void)
474 struct setup_data *data;
478 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
480 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
482 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
483 sprintf(buf, "setup data %x", data->type);
484 memblock_x86_reserve_range(pa_data, pa_data+sizeof(*data)+data->len, buf);
485 pa_data = data->next;
486 early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
491 * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
496 static inline unsigned long long get_total_mem(void)
498 unsigned long long total;
500 total = max_pfn - min_low_pfn;
502 return total << PAGE_SHIFT;
505 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
507 unsigned long long total_mem;
508 unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
511 total_mem = get_total_mem();
513 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
514 &crash_size, &crash_base);
515 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
518 /* 0 means: find the address automatically */
519 if (crash_base <= 0) {
520 const unsigned long long alignment = 16<<20; /* 16M */
522 crash_base = memblock_find_in_range(alignment, ULONG_MAX, crash_size,
524 if (crash_base == MEMBLOCK_ERROR) {
525 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
529 unsigned long long start;
531 start = memblock_find_in_range(crash_base, ULONG_MAX, crash_size,
533 if (start != crash_base) {
534 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - memory is in use.\n");
538 memblock_x86_reserve_range(crash_base, crash_base + crash_size, "CRASH KERNEL");
540 printk(KERN_INFO "Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB "
541 "for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
542 (unsigned long)(crash_size >> 20),
543 (unsigned long)(crash_base >> 20),
544 (unsigned long)(total_mem >> 20));
546 crashk_res.start = crash_base;
547 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
548 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res);
551 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
556 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = {
557 { .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f,
558 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
559 { .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21,
560 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
561 { .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43,
562 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
563 { .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53,
564 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
565 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60,
566 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
567 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64,
568 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
569 { .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f,
570 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
571 { .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1,
572 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
573 { .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf,
574 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
575 { .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff,
576 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }
579 void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
583 /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
584 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++)
585 request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]);
590 * Note: elfcorehdr_addr is not just limited to vmcore. It is also used by
591 * is_kdump_kernel() to determine if we are booting after a panic. Hence
592 * ifdef it under CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP and not CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE.
595 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
596 /* elfcorehdr= specifies the location of elf core header
597 * stored by the crashed kernel. This option will be passed
598 * by kexec loader to the capture kernel.
600 static int __init setup_elfcorehdr(char *arg)
605 elfcorehdr_addr = memparse(arg, &end);
606 return end > arg ? 0 : -EINVAL;
608 early_param("elfcorehdr", setup_elfcorehdr);
611 static __init void reserve_ibft_region(void)
613 unsigned long addr, size = 0;
615 addr = find_ibft_region(&size);
618 memblock_x86_reserve_range(addr, addr + size, "* ibft");
621 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW_64K
622 static int __init dmi_low_memory_corruption(const struct dmi_system_id *d)
625 "%s detected: BIOS may corrupt low RAM, working around it.\n",
628 e820_update_range(0, 0x10000, E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
629 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
635 /* List of systems that have known low memory corruption BIOS problems */
636 static struct dmi_system_id __initdata bad_bios_dmi_table[] = {
637 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW_64K
639 .callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
642 DMI_MATCH(DMI_BIOS_VENDOR, "American Megatrends Inc."),
646 .callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
647 .ident = "Phoenix BIOS",
649 DMI_MATCH(DMI_BIOS_VENDOR, "Phoenix Technologies"),
653 .callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
654 .ident = "Phoenix/MSC BIOS",
656 DMI_MATCH(DMI_BIOS_VENDOR, "Phoenix/MSC"),
660 * AMI BIOS with low memory corruption was found on Intel DG45ID and
662 * It has a different DMI_BIOS_VENDOR = "Intel Corp.", for now we will
663 * match only DMI_BOARD_NAME and see if there is more bad products
667 .callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
670 DMI_MATCH(DMI_BOARD_NAME, "DG45ID"),
674 .callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
677 DMI_MATCH(DMI_BOARD_NAME, "DG45FC"),
681 * The Dell Inspiron Mini 1012 has DMI_BIOS_VENDOR = "Dell Inc.", so
682 * match on the product name.
685 .callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
686 .ident = "Phoenix BIOS",
688 DMI_MATCH(DMI_PRODUCT_NAME, "Inspiron 1012"),
695 static void __init trim_bios_range(void)
698 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory;
699 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally
700 * not listed as such in the E820 table.
702 e820_update_range(0, PAGE_SIZE, E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
704 * special case: Some BIOSen report the PC BIOS
705 * area (640->1Mb) as ram even though it is not.
708 e820_remove_range(BIOS_BEGIN, BIOS_END - BIOS_BEGIN, E820_RAM, 1);
709 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
712 static u64 __init get_max_mapped(void)
714 u64 end = max_pfn_mapped;
722 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been
723 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
724 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
725 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
726 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
729 * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
731 * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
734 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
740 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data));
741 visws_early_detect();
743 printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
746 /* VMI may relocate the fixmap; do this before touching ioremap area */
749 /* OFW also may relocate the fixmap */
754 early_ioremap_init();
756 setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
758 ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev);
759 screen_info = boot_params.screen_info;
760 edid_info = boot_params.edid_info;
762 apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info;
763 ist_info = boot_params.ist_info;
764 if (boot_params.sys_desc_table.length != 0) {
765 set_mca_bus(boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[3] & 0x2);
766 machine_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[0];
767 machine_submodel_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[1];
768 BIOS_revision = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[2];
771 saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode;
772 bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader;
773 if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) {
774 bootloader_type &= 0xf;
775 bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4;
777 bootloader_version = bootloader_type & 0xf;
778 bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4;
780 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
781 rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK;
782 rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0);
783 rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0);
786 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
794 efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range();
798 x86_init.oem.arch_setup();
802 /* update the e820_saved too */
803 e820_reserve_setup_data();
807 if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags)
808 root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
809 init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
810 init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
811 init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
812 init_mm.brk = _brk_end;
814 code_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_text);
815 code_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_etext)-1;
816 data_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_etext);
817 data_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_edata)-1;
818 bss_resource.start = virt_to_phys(&__bss_start);
819 bss_resource.end = virt_to_phys(&__bss_stop)-1;
821 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
822 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
823 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
825 if (builtin_cmdline[0]) {
826 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
827 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
828 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
829 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
834 strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
835 *cmdline_p = command_line;
838 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect
839 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug
840 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). It may then be called
841 * again from within noexec_setup() during parsing early parameters
842 * to honor the respective command line option.
850 /* Must be before kernel pagetables are setup */
853 /* after early param, so could get panic from serial */
854 memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data();
856 if (acpi_mps_check()) {
857 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
860 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC);
864 if (pci_early_dump_regs)
865 early_dump_pci_devices();
868 finish_e820_parsing();
875 dmi_check_system(bad_bios_dmi_table);
878 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
879 * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP.
881 init_hypervisor_platform();
883 x86_init.resources.probe_roms();
885 /* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
886 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource);
887 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource);
888 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource);
892 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
893 e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL, 0x40000ULL, E820_RAM,
895 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
896 printk(KERN_INFO "fixed physical RAM map:\n");
897 e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
900 early_gart_iommu_check();
904 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
905 * we are rounding upwards:
907 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
909 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
911 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn))
912 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
915 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */
916 find_low_pfn_range();
918 num_physpages = max_pfn;
922 /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
923 /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
924 if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))
925 max_low_pfn = e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn();
927 max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
929 high_memory = (void *)__va(max_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
930 max_pfn_mapped = KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE >> PAGE_SHIFT;
934 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
938 reserve_ibft_region();
941 * Need to conclude brk, before memblock_x86_fill()
942 * it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with
947 memblock.current_limit = get_max_mapped();
950 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
951 early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
953 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
954 setup_bios_corruption_check();
957 printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped : 0 - %08lx\n",
958 max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT);
960 reserve_trampoline_memory();
962 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP
964 * Reserve low memory region for sleep support.
965 * even before init_memory_mapping
967 acpi_reserve_wakeup_memory();
971 /* max_pfn_mapped is updated here */
972 max_low_pfn_mapped = init_memory_mapping(0, max_low_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
973 max_pfn_mapped = max_low_pfn_mapped;
976 if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn) {
977 max_pfn_mapped = init_memory_mapping(1UL<<32,
978 max_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
979 /* can we preseve max_low_pfn ?*/
980 max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
983 memblock.current_limit = get_max_mapped();
986 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
989 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
990 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early)
991 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
996 reserve_crashkernel();
1003 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
1005 acpi_boot_table_init();
1007 early_acpi_boot_init();
1009 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA
1011 * Parse SRAT to discover nodes.
1013 acpi = acpi_numa_init();
1016 #ifdef CONFIG_K8_NUMA
1018 k8 = !k8_numa_init(0, max_pfn);
1021 initmem_init(0, max_pfn, acpi, k8);
1022 memblock_find_dma_reserve();
1023 dma32_reserve_bootmem();
1025 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_CLOCK
1029 x86_init.paging.pagetable_setup_start(swapper_pg_dir);
1031 x86_init.paging.pagetable_setup_done(swapper_pg_dir);
1033 setup_trampoline_page_table();
1037 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
1041 generic_apic_probe();
1046 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
1053 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
1055 if (smp_found_config)
1058 prefill_possible_map();
1060 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
1064 init_apic_mappings();
1065 ioapic_init_mappings();
1067 /* need to wait for io_apic is mapped */
1068 probe_nr_irqs_gsi();
1072 e820_reserve_resources();
1073 e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn);
1075 x86_init.resources.reserve_resources();
1080 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1081 if (!efi_enabled || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY))
1082 conswitchp = &vga_con;
1083 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
1084 conswitchp = &dummy_con;
1087 x86_init.oem.banner();
1092 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1094 static struct resource video_ram_resource = {
1095 .name = "Video RAM area",
1098 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
1101 void __init i386_reserve_resources(void)
1103 request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource);
1104 reserve_standard_io_resources();
1107 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */