2 * Machine specific setup for xen
4 * Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com>, XenSource Inc, 2007
7 #include <linux/module.h>
8 #include <linux/sched.h>
11 #include <linux/memblock.h>
12 #include <linux/cpuidle.h>
13 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
18 #include <asm/setup.h>
21 #include <asm/xen/hypervisor.h>
22 #include <asm/xen/hypercall.h>
26 #include <xen/interface/callback.h>
27 #include <xen/interface/memory.h>
28 #include <xen/interface/physdev.h>
29 #include <xen/features.h>
34 /* These are code, but not functions. Defined in entry.S */
35 extern const char xen_hypervisor_callback[];
36 extern const char xen_failsafe_callback[];
38 extern asmlinkage void nmi(void);
40 extern void xen_sysenter_target(void);
41 extern void xen_syscall_target(void);
42 extern void xen_syscall32_target(void);
44 /* Amount of extra memory space we add to the e820 ranges */
45 struct xen_memory_region xen_extra_mem[XEN_EXTRA_MEM_MAX_REGIONS] __initdata;
47 /* Number of pages released from the initial allocation. */
48 unsigned long xen_released_pages;
51 * The maximum amount of extra memory compared to the base size. The
52 * main scaling factor is the size of struct page. At extreme ratios
53 * of base:extra, all the base memory can be filled with page
54 * structures for the extra memory, leaving no space for anything
57 * 10x seems like a reasonable balance between scaling flexibility and
58 * leaving a practically usable system.
60 #define EXTRA_MEM_RATIO (10)
62 static void __init xen_add_extra_mem(u64 start, u64 size)
67 for (i = 0; i < XEN_EXTRA_MEM_MAX_REGIONS; i++) {
69 if (xen_extra_mem[i].size == 0) {
70 xen_extra_mem[i].start = start;
71 xen_extra_mem[i].size = size;
74 /* Append to existing region. */
75 if (xen_extra_mem[i].start + xen_extra_mem[i].size == start) {
76 xen_extra_mem[i].size += size;
80 if (i == XEN_EXTRA_MEM_MAX_REGIONS)
81 printk(KERN_WARNING "Warning: not enough extra memory regions\n");
83 memblock_reserve(start, size);
85 if (xen_feature(XENFEAT_auto_translated_physmap))
88 xen_max_p2m_pfn = PFN_DOWN(start + size);
89 for (pfn = PFN_DOWN(start); pfn < xen_max_p2m_pfn; pfn++) {
90 unsigned long mfn = pfn_to_mfn(pfn);
92 if (WARN(mfn == pfn, "Trying to over-write 1-1 mapping (pfn: %lx)\n", pfn))
94 WARN(mfn != INVALID_P2M_ENTRY, "Trying to remove %lx which has %lx mfn!\n",
97 __set_phys_to_machine(pfn, INVALID_P2M_ENTRY);
101 static unsigned long __init xen_do_chunk(unsigned long start,
102 unsigned long end, bool release)
104 struct xen_memory_reservation reservation = {
109 unsigned long len = 0;
110 int xlated_phys = xen_feature(XENFEAT_auto_translated_physmap);
114 for (pfn = start; pfn < end; pfn++) {
116 unsigned long mfn = pfn_to_mfn(pfn);
119 /* Make sure pfn exists to start with */
120 if (mfn == INVALID_P2M_ENTRY || mfn_to_pfn(mfn) != pfn)
124 if (!xlated_phys && mfn != INVALID_P2M_ENTRY)
128 set_xen_guest_handle(reservation.extent_start, &frame);
129 reservation.nr_extents = 1;
131 ret = HYPERVISOR_memory_op(release ? XENMEM_decrease_reservation : XENMEM_populate_physmap,
133 WARN(ret != 1, "Failed to %s pfn %lx err=%d\n",
134 release ? "release" : "populate", pfn, ret);
137 if (!early_set_phys_to_machine(pfn, release ? INVALID_P2M_ENTRY : frame)) {
140 set_xen_guest_handle(reservation.extent_start, &frame);
141 reservation.nr_extents = 1;
142 ret = HYPERVISOR_memory_op(XENMEM_decrease_reservation,
151 printk(KERN_INFO "%s %lx-%lx pfn range: %lu pages %s\n",
152 release ? "Freeing" : "Populating",
154 release ? "freed" : "added");
159 static unsigned long __init xen_release_chunk(unsigned long start,
163 * Xen already ballooned out the E820 non RAM regions for us
164 * and set them up properly in EPT.
166 if (xen_feature(XENFEAT_auto_translated_physmap))
169 return xen_do_chunk(start, end, true);
172 static unsigned long __init xen_populate_chunk(
173 const struct e820entry *list, size_t map_size,
174 unsigned long max_pfn, unsigned long *last_pfn,
175 unsigned long credits_left)
177 const struct e820entry *entry;
179 unsigned long done = 0;
180 unsigned long dest_pfn;
182 for (i = 0, entry = list; i < map_size; i++, entry++) {
188 if (credits_left <= 0)
191 if (entry->type != E820_RAM)
194 e_pfn = PFN_DOWN(entry->addr + entry->size);
196 /* We only care about E820 after the xen_start_info->nr_pages */
197 if (e_pfn <= max_pfn)
200 s_pfn = PFN_UP(entry->addr);
201 /* If the E820 falls within the nr_pages, we want to start
202 * at the nr_pages PFN.
203 * If that would mean going past the E820 entry, skip it
205 if (s_pfn <= max_pfn) {
206 capacity = e_pfn - max_pfn;
209 capacity = e_pfn - s_pfn;
213 if (credits_left < capacity)
214 capacity = credits_left;
216 pfns = xen_do_chunk(dest_pfn, dest_pfn + capacity, false);
218 *last_pfn = (dest_pfn + pfns);
221 credits_left -= pfns;
226 static void __init xen_set_identity_and_release_chunk(
227 unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn, unsigned long nr_pages,
228 unsigned long *released, unsigned long *identity)
233 * If the PFNs are currently mapped, clear the mappings
234 * (except for the ISA region which must be 1:1 mapped) to
235 * release the refcounts (in Xen) on the original frames.
239 * PVH E820 matches the hypervisor's P2M which means we need to
240 * account for the proper values of *release and *identity.
242 for (pfn = start_pfn; !xen_feature(XENFEAT_auto_translated_physmap) &&
243 pfn <= max_pfn_mapped && pfn < end_pfn; pfn++) {
244 pte_t pte = __pte_ma(0);
246 if (pfn < PFN_UP(ISA_END_ADDRESS))
247 pte = mfn_pte(pfn, PAGE_KERNEL_IO);
249 (void)HYPERVISOR_update_va_mapping(
250 (unsigned long)__va(pfn << PAGE_SHIFT), pte, 0);
253 if (start_pfn < nr_pages)
254 *released += xen_release_chunk(
255 start_pfn, min(end_pfn, nr_pages));
257 *identity += set_phys_range_identity(start_pfn, end_pfn);
260 static unsigned long __init xen_set_identity_and_release(
261 const struct e820entry *list, size_t map_size, unsigned long nr_pages)
263 phys_addr_t start = 0;
264 unsigned long released = 0;
265 unsigned long identity = 0;
266 const struct e820entry *entry;
270 * Combine non-RAM regions and gaps until a RAM region (or the
271 * end of the map) is reached, then set the 1:1 map and
272 * release the pages (if available) in those non-RAM regions.
274 * The combined non-RAM regions are rounded to a whole number
275 * of pages so any partial pages are accessible via the 1:1
276 * mapping. This is needed for some BIOSes that put (for
277 * example) the DMI tables in a reserved region that begins on
278 * a non-page boundary.
280 for (i = 0, entry = list; i < map_size; i++, entry++) {
281 phys_addr_t end = entry->addr + entry->size;
282 if (entry->type == E820_RAM || i == map_size - 1) {
283 unsigned long start_pfn = PFN_DOWN(start);
284 unsigned long end_pfn = PFN_UP(end);
286 if (entry->type == E820_RAM)
287 end_pfn = PFN_UP(entry->addr);
289 if (start_pfn < end_pfn)
290 xen_set_identity_and_release_chunk(
291 start_pfn, end_pfn, nr_pages,
292 &released, &identity);
299 printk(KERN_INFO "Released %lu pages of unused memory\n", released);
301 printk(KERN_INFO "Set %ld page(s) to 1-1 mapping\n", identity);
306 static unsigned long __init xen_get_max_pages(void)
308 unsigned long max_pages = MAX_DOMAIN_PAGES;
309 domid_t domid = DOMID_SELF;
313 * For the initial domain we use the maximum reservation as
316 * For guest domains the current maximum reservation reflects
317 * the current maximum rather than the static maximum. In this
318 * case the e820 map provided to us will cover the static
321 if (xen_initial_domain()) {
322 ret = HYPERVISOR_memory_op(XENMEM_maximum_reservation, &domid);
327 return min(max_pages, MAX_DOMAIN_PAGES);
330 static void xen_align_and_add_e820_region(u64 start, u64 size, int type)
332 u64 end = start + size;
334 /* Align RAM regions to page boundaries. */
335 if (type == E820_RAM) {
336 start = PAGE_ALIGN(start);
337 end &= ~((u64)PAGE_SIZE - 1);
340 e820_add_region(start, end - start, type);
343 void xen_ignore_unusable(struct e820entry *list, size_t map_size)
345 struct e820entry *entry;
348 for (i = 0, entry = list; i < map_size; i++, entry++) {
349 if (entry->type == E820_UNUSABLE)
350 entry->type = E820_RAM;
355 * machine_specific_memory_setup - Hook for machine specific memory setup.
357 char * __init xen_memory_setup(void)
359 static struct e820entry map[E820MAX] __initdata;
361 unsigned long max_pfn = xen_start_info->nr_pages;
362 unsigned long long mem_end;
364 struct xen_memory_map memmap;
365 unsigned long max_pages;
366 unsigned long last_pfn = 0;
367 unsigned long extra_pages = 0;
368 unsigned long populated;
372 max_pfn = min(MAX_DOMAIN_PAGES, max_pfn);
373 mem_end = PFN_PHYS(max_pfn);
375 memmap.nr_entries = E820MAX;
376 set_xen_guest_handle(memmap.buffer, map);
378 op = xen_initial_domain() ?
379 XENMEM_machine_memory_map :
381 rc = HYPERVISOR_memory_op(op, &memmap);
383 BUG_ON(xen_initial_domain());
384 memmap.nr_entries = 1;
386 map[0].size = mem_end;
387 /* 8MB slack (to balance backend allocations). */
388 map[0].size += 8ULL << 20;
389 map[0].type = E820_RAM;
395 * Xen won't allow a 1:1 mapping to be created to UNUSABLE
396 * regions, so if we're using the machine memory map leave the
397 * region as RAM as it is in the pseudo-physical map.
399 * UNUSABLE regions in domUs are not handled and will need
400 * a patch in the future.
402 if (xen_initial_domain())
403 xen_ignore_unusable(map, memmap.nr_entries);
405 /* Make sure the Xen-supplied memory map is well-ordered. */
406 sanitize_e820_map(map, memmap.nr_entries, &memmap.nr_entries);
408 max_pages = xen_get_max_pages();
409 if (max_pages > max_pfn)
410 extra_pages += max_pages - max_pfn;
413 * Set P2M for all non-RAM pages and E820 gaps to be identity
414 * type PFNs. Any RAM pages that would be made inaccesible by
415 * this are first released.
417 xen_released_pages = xen_set_identity_and_release(
418 map, memmap.nr_entries, max_pfn);
421 * Populate back the non-RAM pages and E820 gaps that had been
423 populated = xen_populate_chunk(map, memmap.nr_entries,
424 max_pfn, &last_pfn, xen_released_pages);
426 xen_released_pages -= populated;
427 extra_pages += xen_released_pages;
429 if (last_pfn > max_pfn) {
430 max_pfn = min(MAX_DOMAIN_PAGES, last_pfn);
431 mem_end = PFN_PHYS(max_pfn);
434 * Clamp the amount of extra memory to a EXTRA_MEM_RATIO
435 * factor the base size. On non-highmem systems, the base
436 * size is the full initial memory allocation; on highmem it
437 * is limited to the max size of lowmem, so that it doesn't
438 * get completely filled.
440 * In principle there could be a problem in lowmem systems if
441 * the initial memory is also very large with respect to
442 * lowmem, but we won't try to deal with that here.
444 extra_pages = min(EXTRA_MEM_RATIO * min(max_pfn, PFN_DOWN(MAXMEM)),
447 while (i < memmap.nr_entries) {
448 u64 addr = map[i].addr;
449 u64 size = map[i].size;
450 u32 type = map[i].type;
452 if (type == E820_RAM) {
453 if (addr < mem_end) {
454 size = min(size, mem_end - addr);
455 } else if (extra_pages) {
456 size = min(size, (u64)extra_pages * PAGE_SIZE);
457 extra_pages -= size / PAGE_SIZE;
458 xen_add_extra_mem(addr, size);
460 type = E820_UNUSABLE;
463 xen_align_and_add_e820_region(addr, size, type);
467 if (map[i].size == 0)
472 * In domU, the ISA region is normal, usable memory, but we
473 * reserve ISA memory anyway because too many things poke
476 e820_add_region(ISA_START_ADDRESS, ISA_END_ADDRESS - ISA_START_ADDRESS,
483 * See comment above "struct start_info" in <xen/interface/xen.h>
484 * We tried to make the the memblock_reserve more selective so
485 * that it would be clear what region is reserved. Sadly we ran
486 * in the problem wherein on a 64-bit hypervisor with a 32-bit
487 * initial domain, the pt_base has the cr3 value which is not
488 * neccessarily where the pagetable starts! As Jan put it: "
489 * Actually, the adjustment turns out to be correct: The page
490 * tables for a 32-on-64 dom0 get allocated in the order "first L1",
491 * "first L2", "first L3", so the offset to the page table base is
492 * indeed 2. When reading xen/include/public/xen.h's comment
493 * very strictly, this is not a violation (since there nothing is said
494 * that the first thing in the page table space is pointed to by
495 * pt_base; I admit that this seems to be implied though, namely
496 * do I think that it is implied that the page table space is the
497 * range [pt_base, pt_base + nt_pt_frames), whereas that
498 * range here indeed is [pt_base - 2, pt_base - 2 + nt_pt_frames),
499 * which - without a priori knowledge - the kernel would have
500 * difficulty to figure out)." - so lets just fall back to the
501 * easy way and reserve the whole region.
503 memblock_reserve(__pa(xen_start_info->mfn_list),
504 xen_start_info->pt_base - xen_start_info->mfn_list);
506 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
512 * Set the bit indicating "nosegneg" library variants should be used.
513 * We only need to bother in pure 32-bit mode; compat 32-bit processes
514 * can have un-truncated segments, so wrapping around is allowed.
516 static void __init fiddle_vdso(void)
520 mask = VDSO32_SYMBOL(&vdso32_int80_start, NOTE_MASK);
521 *mask |= 1 << VDSO_NOTE_NONEGSEG_BIT;
522 mask = VDSO32_SYMBOL(&vdso32_sysenter_start, NOTE_MASK);
523 *mask |= 1 << VDSO_NOTE_NONEGSEG_BIT;
527 static int register_callback(unsigned type, const void *func)
529 struct callback_register callback = {
531 .address = XEN_CALLBACK(__KERNEL_CS, func),
532 .flags = CALLBACKF_mask_events,
535 return HYPERVISOR_callback_op(CALLBACKOP_register, &callback);
538 void xen_enable_sysenter(void)
541 unsigned sysenter_feature;
544 sysenter_feature = X86_FEATURE_SEP;
546 sysenter_feature = X86_FEATURE_SYSENTER32;
549 if (!boot_cpu_has(sysenter_feature))
552 ret = register_callback(CALLBACKTYPE_sysenter, xen_sysenter_target);
554 setup_clear_cpu_cap(sysenter_feature);
557 void xen_enable_syscall(void)
562 ret = register_callback(CALLBACKTYPE_syscall, xen_syscall_target);
564 printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to set syscall callback: %d\n", ret);
565 /* Pretty fatal; 64-bit userspace has no other
566 mechanism for syscalls. */
569 if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_SYSCALL32)) {
570 ret = register_callback(CALLBACKTYPE_syscall32,
571 xen_syscall32_target);
573 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_SYSCALL32);
575 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
577 void xen_enable_nmi(void)
580 if (register_callback(CALLBACKTYPE_nmi, (char *)nmi))
584 void __init xen_pvmmu_arch_setup(void)
586 HYPERVISOR_vm_assist(VMASST_CMD_enable, VMASST_TYPE_4gb_segments);
587 HYPERVISOR_vm_assist(VMASST_CMD_enable, VMASST_TYPE_writable_pagetables);
589 HYPERVISOR_vm_assist(VMASST_CMD_enable,
590 VMASST_TYPE_pae_extended_cr3);
592 if (register_callback(CALLBACKTYPE_event, xen_hypervisor_callback) ||
593 register_callback(CALLBACKTYPE_failsafe, xen_failsafe_callback))
596 xen_enable_sysenter();
597 xen_enable_syscall();
601 /* This function is not called for HVM domains */
602 void __init xen_arch_setup(void)
604 xen_panic_handler_init();
605 if (!xen_feature(XENFEAT_auto_translated_physmap))
606 xen_pvmmu_arch_setup();
609 if (!(xen_start_info->flags & SIF_INITDOMAIN)) {
610 printk(KERN_INFO "ACPI in unprivileged domain disabled\n");
615 memcpy(boot_command_line, xen_start_info->cmd_line,
616 MAX_GUEST_CMDLINE > COMMAND_LINE_SIZE ?
617 COMMAND_LINE_SIZE : MAX_GUEST_CMDLINE);
619 /* Set up idle, making sure it calls safe_halt() pvop */
622 WARN_ON(xen_set_default_idle());