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11 Building LLVM with CMake
15 <li><a href="#intro">Introduction</a></li>
16 <li><a href="#quickstart">Quick start</a></li>
17 <li><a href="#usage">Basic CMake usage</a>
18 <li><a href="#options">Options and variables</a>
20 <li><a href="#freccmake">Frequently-used CMake variables</a></li>
21 <li><a href="#llvmvars">LLVM-specific variables</a></li>
23 <li><a href="#testing">Executing the test suite</a>
24 <li><a href="#cross">Cross compiling</a>
25 <li><a href="#embedding">Embedding LLVM in your project</a>
27 <li><a href="#passdev">Developing LLVM pass out of source</a></li>
29 <li><a href="#specifics">Compiler/Platform specific topics</a>
31 <li><a href="#msvc">Microsoft Visual C++</a></li>
35 <div class="doc_author">
36 <p>Written by <a href="mailto:ofv@wanadoo.es">Oscar Fuentes</a></p>
39 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
41 <a name="intro">Introduction</a>
43 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
47 <p><a href="http://www.cmake.org/">CMake</a> is a cross-platform
48 build-generator tool. CMake does not build the project, it generates
49 the files needed by your build tool (GNU make, Visual Studio, etc) for
52 <p>If you are really anxious about getting a functional LLVM build,
53 go to the <a href="#quickstart">Quick start</a> section. If you
54 are a CMake novice, start on <a href="#usage">Basic CMake
55 usage</a> and then go back to the <a href="#quickstart">Quick
56 start</a> once you know what you are
57 doing. The <a href="#options">Options and variables</a> section
58 is a reference for customizing your build. If you already have
59 experience with CMake, this is the recommended starting point.
62 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
64 <a name="quickstart">Quick start</a>
66 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
70 <p> We use here the command-line, non-interactive CMake interface </p>
74 <li><p><a href="http://www.cmake.org/cmake/resources/software.html">Download</a>
75 and install CMake. Version 2.8 is the minimum required.</p>
77 <li><p>Open a shell. Your development tools must be reachable from this
78 shell through the PATH environment variable.</p>
80 <li><p>Create a directory for containing the build. It is not
81 supported to build LLVM on the source directory. cd to this
83 <div class="doc_code">
84 <p><tt>mkdir mybuilddir</tt></p>
85 <p><tt>cd mybuilddir</tt></p>
88 <li><p>Execute this command on the shell
89 replacing <i>path/to/llvm/source/root</i> with the path to the
90 root of your LLVM source tree:</p>
91 <div class="doc_code">
92 <p><tt>cmake path/to/llvm/source/root</tt></p>
95 <p>CMake will detect your development environment, perform a
96 series of test and generate the files required for building
97 LLVM. CMake will use default values for all build
98 parameters. See the <a href="#options">Options and variables</a>
99 section for fine-tuning your build</p>
101 <p>This can fail if CMake can't detect your toolset, or if it
102 thinks that the environment is not sane enough. On this case
103 make sure that the toolset that you intend to use is the only
104 one reachable from the shell and that the shell itself is the
105 correct one for you development environment. CMake will refuse
106 to build MinGW makefiles if you have a POSIX shell reachable
107 through the PATH environment variable, for instance. You can
108 force CMake to use a given build tool, see
109 the <a href="#usage">Usage</a> section.</p>
115 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
117 <a name="usage">Basic CMake usage</a>
119 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
123 <p>This section explains basic aspects of CMake, mostly for
124 explaining those options which you may need on your day-to-day
127 <p>CMake comes with extensive documentation in the form of html
128 files and on the cmake executable itself. Execute <i>cmake
129 --help</i> for further help options.</p>
131 <p>CMake requires to know for which build tool it shall generate
132 files (GNU make, Visual Studio, Xcode, etc). If not specified on
133 the command line, it tries to guess it based on you
134 environment. Once identified the build tool, CMake uses the
135 corresponding <i>Generator</i> for creating files for your build
136 tool. You can explicitly specify the generator with the command
137 line option <i>-G "Name of the generator"</i>. For knowing the
138 available generators on your platform, execute</p>
140 <div class="doc_code">
141 <p><tt>cmake --help</tt></p>
144 <p>This will list the generator's names at the end of the help
145 text. Generator's names are case-sensitive. Example:</p>
147 <div class="doc_code">
148 <p><tt>cmake -G "Visual Studio 9 2008" path/to/llvm/source/root</tt></p>
151 <p>For a given development platform there can be more than one
152 adequate generator. If you use Visual Studio "NMake Makefiles"
153 is a generator you can use for building with NMake. By default,
154 CMake chooses the more specific generator supported by your
155 development environment. If you want an alternative generator,
156 you must tell this to CMake with the <i>-G</i> option.</p>
158 <p>TODO: explain variables and cache. Move explanation here from
159 #options section.</p>
163 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
165 <a name="options">Options and variables</a>
167 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
171 <p>Variables customize how the build will be generated. Options are
172 boolean variables, with possible values ON/OFF. Options and
173 variables are defined on the CMake command line like this:</p>
175 <div class="doc_code">
176 <p><tt>cmake -DVARIABLE=value path/to/llvm/source</tt></p>
179 <p>You can set a variable after the initial CMake invocation for
180 changing its value. You can also undefine a variable:</p>
182 <div class="doc_code">
183 <p><tt>cmake -UVARIABLE path/to/llvm/source</tt></p>
186 <p>Variables are stored on the CMake cache. This is a file
187 named <tt>CMakeCache.txt</tt> on the root of the build
188 directory. Do not hand-edit it.</p>
190 <p>Variables are listed here appending its type after a colon. It is
191 correct to write the variable and the type on the CMake command
194 <div class="doc_code">
195 <p><tt>cmake -DVARIABLE:TYPE=value path/to/llvm/source</tt></p>
198 <!-- ======================================================================= -->
200 <a name="freccmake">Frequently-used CMake variables</a>
205 <p>Here are listed some of the CMake variables that are used often,
206 along with a brief explanation and LLVM-specific notes. For full
207 documentation, check the CMake docs or execute <i>cmake
208 --help-variable VARIABLE_NAME</i>.</p>
211 <dt><b>CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE</b>:STRING</dt>
213 <dd>Sets the build type for <i>make</i> based generators. Possible
214 values are Release, Debug, RelWithDebInfo and MinSizeRel. On
215 systems like Visual Studio the user sets the build type with the IDE
218 <dt><b>CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX</b>:PATH</dt>
219 <dd>Path where LLVM will be installed if "make install" is invoked
220 or the "INSTALL" target is built.</dd>
222 <dt><b>LLVM_LIBDIR_SUFFIX</b>:STRING</dt>
223 <dd>Extra suffix to append to the directory where libraries are to
224 be installed. On a 64-bit architecture, one could use
225 -DLLVM_LIBDIR_SUFFIX=64 to install libraries to /usr/lib64.</dd>
227 <dt><b>CMAKE_C_FLAGS</b>:STRING</dt>
228 <dd>Extra flags to use when compiling C source files.</dd>
230 <dt><b>CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS</b>:STRING</dt>
231 <dd>Extra flags to use when compiling C++ source files.</dd>
233 <dt><b>BUILD_SHARED_LIBS</b>:BOOL</dt>
234 <dd>Flag indicating is shared libraries will be built. Its default
235 value is OFF. Shared libraries are not supported on Windows and
236 not recommended in the other OSes.</dd>
241 <!-- ======================================================================= -->
243 <a name="llvmvars">LLVM-specific variables</a>
249 <dt><b>LLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD</b>:STRING</dt>
250 <dd>Semicolon-separated list of targets to build, or <i>all</i> for
251 building all targets. Case-sensitive. For Visual C++ defaults
252 to <i>X86</i>. On the other cases defaults to <i>all</i>. Example:
253 <i>-DLLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD="X86;PowerPC"</i>.</dd>
255 <dt><b>LLVM_BUILD_TOOLS</b>:BOOL</dt>
256 <dd>Build LLVM tools. Defaults to ON. Targets for building each tool
257 are generated in any case. You can build an tool separately by
258 invoking its target. For example, you can build <i>llvm-as</i>
259 with a makefile-based system executing <i>make llvm-as</i> on the
260 root of your build directory.</dd>
262 <dt><b>LLVM_INCLUDE_TOOLS</b>:BOOL</dt>
263 <dd>Generate build targets for the LLVM tools. Defaults to
264 ON. You can use that option for disabling the generation of build
265 targets for the LLVM tools.</dd>
267 <dt><b>LLVM_BUILD_EXAMPLES</b>:BOOL</dt>
268 <dd>Build LLVM examples. Defaults to OFF. Targets for building each
269 example are generated in any case. See documentation
270 for <i>LLVM_BUILD_TOOLS</i> above for more details.</dd>
272 <dt><b>LLVM_INCLUDE_EXAMPLES</b>:BOOL</dt>
273 <dd>Generate build targets for the LLVM examples. Defaults to
274 ON. You can use that option for disabling the generation of build
275 targets for the LLVM examples.</dd>
277 <dt><b>LLVM_BUILD_TESTS</b>:BOOL</dt>
278 <dd>Build LLVM unit tests. Defaults to OFF. Targets for building
279 each unit test are generated in any case. You can build a specific
280 unit test with the target <i>UnitTestNameTests</i> (where at this
281 time <i>UnitTestName</i> can be ADT, Analysis, ExecutionEngine,
282 JIT, Support, Transform, VMCore; see the subdirectories
283 of <i>unittests</i> for an updated list.) It is possible to build
284 all unit tests with the target <i>UnitTests</i>.</dd>
286 <dt><b>LLVM_INCLUDE_TESTS</b>:BOOL</dt>
287 <dd>Generate build targets for the LLVM unit tests. Defaults to
288 ON. You can use that option for disabling the generation of build
289 targets for the LLVM unit tests.</dd>
291 <dt><b>LLVM_APPEND_VC_REV</b>:BOOL</dt>
292 <dd>Append version control revision info (svn revision number or git
293 revision id) to LLVM version string (stored in the PACKAGE_VERSION
294 macro). For this to work cmake must be invoked before the
295 build. Defaults to OFF.</dd>
297 <dt><b>LLVM_ENABLE_THREADS</b>:BOOL</dt>
298 <dd>Build with threads support, if available. Defaults to ON.</dd>
300 <dt><b>LLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS</b>:BOOL</dt>
301 <dd>Enables code assertions. Defaults to OFF if and only if
302 CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE is <i>Release</i>.</dd>
304 <dt><b>LLVM_ENABLE_PIC</b>:BOOL</dt>
305 <dd>Add the <i>-fPIC</i> flag for the compiler command-line, if the
306 compiler supports this flag. Some systems, like Windows, do not
307 need this flag. Defaults to ON.</dd>
309 <dt><b>LLVM_ENABLE_WARNINGS</b>:BOOL</dt>
310 <dd>Enable all compiler warnings. Defaults to ON.</dd>
312 <dt><b>LLVM_ENABLE_PEDANTIC</b>:BOOL</dt>
313 <dd>Enable pedantic mode. This disable compiler specific extensions, is
314 possible. Defaults to ON.</dd>
316 <dt><b>LLVM_ENABLE_WERROR</b>:BOOL</dt>
317 <dd>Stop and fail build, if a compiler warning is
318 triggered. Defaults to OFF.</dd>
320 <dt><b>LLVM_BUILD_32_BITS</b>:BOOL</dt>
321 <dd>Build 32-bits executables and libraries on 64-bits systems. This
322 option is available only on some 64-bits unix systems. Defaults to
325 <dt><b>LLVM_TARGET_ARCH</b>:STRING</dt>
326 <dd>LLVM target to use for native code generation. This is required
327 for JIT generation. It defaults to "host", meaning that it shall
328 pick the architecture of the machine where LLVM is being built. If
329 you are cross-compiling, set it to the target architecture
332 <dt><b>LLVM_TABLEGEN</b>:STRING</dt>
333 <dd>Full path to a native TableGen executable (usually
334 named <i>tblgen</i>). This is intented for cross-compiling: if the
335 user sets this variable, no native TableGen will be created.</dd>
337 <dt><b>LLVM_LIT_ARGS</b>:STRING</dt>
338 <dd>Arguments given to lit.
339 <tt>make check</tt> and <tt>make clang-test</tt> are affected.
340 By default, <tt>"-sv --no-progress-bar"</tt>
341 on Visual C++ and Xcode,
342 <tt>"-sv"</tt> on others.</dd>
344 <dt><b>LLVM_LIT_TOOLS_DIR</b>:PATH</dt>
345 <dd>The path to GnuWin32 tools for tests. Valid on Windows host.
346 Defaults to "", then Lit seeks tools according to %PATH%.
347 Lit can find tools(eg. grep, sort, &c) on LLVM_LIT_TOOLS_DIR at first,
348 without specifying GnuWin32 to %PATH%.</dd>
350 <dt><b>LLVM_ENABLE_FFI</b>:BOOL</dt>
351 <dd>Indicates whether LLVM Interpreter will be linked with Foreign
352 Function Interface library. If the library or its headers are
353 installed on a custom location, you can set the variables
354 FFI_INCLUDE_DIR and FFI_LIBRARY_DIR. Defaults to OFF.</dd>
356 <dt><b>LLVM_CLANG_SOURCE_DIR</b>:PATH</dt>
357 <dd>Path to Clang's source directory. Defaults to tools/clang.
358 Clang will not be built when it is empty or it does not point valid
366 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
368 <a name="testing">Executing the test suite</a>
370 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
374 <p>Testing is performed when the <i>check</i> target is built. For
375 instance, if you are using makefiles, execute this command while on
376 the top level of your build directory:</p>
378 <div class="doc_code">
379 <p><tt>make check</tt></p>
382 <p>On Visual Studio, you may run tests to build the project "check".</p>
386 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
388 <a name="cross">Cross compiling</a>
390 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
394 <p>See <a href="http://www.vtk.org/Wiki/CMake_Cross_Compiling">this
395 wiki page</a> for generic instructions on how to cross-compile
396 with CMake. It goes into detailed explanations and may seem
397 daunting, but it is not. On the wiki page there are several
398 examples including toolchain files. Go directly to
399 <a href="http://www.vtk.org/Wiki/CMake_Cross_Compiling#Information_how_to_set_up_various_cross_compiling_toolchains">this
400 section</a> for a quick solution.</p>
402 <p>Also see the <a href="#llvmvars">LLVM-specific variables</a>
403 section for variables used when cross-compiling.</p>
407 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
409 <a name="embedding">Embedding LLVM in your project</a>
411 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
415 <p>The most difficult part of adding LLVM to the build of a project
416 is to determine the set of LLVM libraries corresponding to the set
417 of required LLVM features. What follows is an example of how to
418 obtain this information:</p>
420 <div class="doc_code">
422 <b># A convenience variable:</b>
423 set(LLVM_ROOT "" CACHE PATH "Root of LLVM install.")
424 <b># A bit of a sanity check:</b>
425 if( NOT EXISTS ${LLVM_ROOT}/include/llvm )
426 message(FATAL_ERROR "LLVM_ROOT (${LLVM_ROOT}) is not a valid LLVM install")
428 <b># We incorporate the CMake features provided by LLVM:</b>
429 set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH} "${LLVM_ROOT}/share/llvm/cmake")
431 <b># Now set the header and library paths:</b>
432 include_directories( ${LLVM_INCLUDE_DIRS} )
433 link_directories( ${LLVM_LIBRARY_DIRS} )
434 add_definitions( ${LLVM_DEFINITIONS} )
435 <b># Let's suppose we want to build a JIT compiler with support for
436 # binary code (no interpreter):</b>
437 llvm_map_components_to_libraries(REQ_LLVM_LIBRARIES jit native)
438 <b># Finally, we link the LLVM libraries to our executable:</b>
439 target_link_libraries(mycompiler ${REQ_LLVM_LIBRARIES})
443 <p>This assumes that LLVM_ROOT points to an install of LLVM. The
444 procedure works too for uninstalled builds although we need to take
445 care to add an <i>include_directories</i> for the location of the
446 headers on the LLVM source directory (if we are building
449 <p>Alternativaly, you can utilize CMake's <i>find_package</i>
450 functionality. Here is an equivalent variant of snippet shown above:</p>
452 <div class="doc_code">
457 message(FATAL_ERROR "LLVM package can't be found. Set CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH variable to LLVM's installation prefix.")
460 include_directories( ${LLVM_INCLUDE_DIRS} )
461 link_directories( ${LLVM_LIBRARY_DIRS} )
463 llvm_map_components_to_libraries(REQ_LLVM_LIBRARIES jit native)
465 target_link_libraries(mycompiler ${REQ_LLVM_LIBRARIES})
469 <!-- ======================================================================= -->
471 <a name="passdev">Developing LLVM pass out of source</a>
476 <p>It is possible to develop LLVM passes against installed LLVM.
477 An example of project layout provided below:</p>
479 <div class="doc_code">
492 <p>Contents of <project dir>/CMakeLists.txt:</p>
494 <div class="doc_code">
498 <b># Define add_llvm_* macro's.</b>
501 add_definitions(${LLVM_DEFINITIONS})
502 include_directories(${LLVM_INCLUDE_DIRS})
503 link_directories(${LLVM_LIBRARY_DIRS})
505 add_subdirectory(<pass name>)
509 <p>Contents of <project dir>/<pass name>/CMakeLists.txt:</p>
511 <div class="doc_code">
513 add_llvm_loadable_module(LLVMPassname
519 <p>When you are done developing your pass, you may wish to integrate it
520 into LLVM source tree. You can achieve it in two easy steps:<br>
521 1. Copying <pass name> folder into <LLVM root>/lib/Transform directory.<br>
522 2. Adding "add_subdirectory(<pass name>)" line into <LLVM root>/lib/Transform/CMakeLists.txt</p>
524 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
528 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
530 <a name="specifics">Compiler/Platform specific topics</a>
532 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
536 <p>Notes for specific compilers and/or platforms.</p>
539 <a name="msvc">Microsoft Visual C++</a>
545 <dt><b>LLVM_COMPILER_JOBS</b>:STRING</dt>
546 <dd>Specifies the maximum number of parallell compiler jobs to use
547 per project when building with msbuild or Visual Studio. Only supported for
548 Visual Studio 2008 and Visual Studio 2010 CMake generators. 0 means use all
549 processors. Default is 0.</dd>
556 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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565 <a href="mailto:ofv@wanadoo.es">Oscar Fuentes</a><br>
566 <a href="http://llvm.org/">LLVM Compiler Infrastructure</a><br>
567 Last modified: $Date: 2010-08-09 03:59:36 +0100 (Mon, 9 Aug 2010) $