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16 LLVM: Frequently Asked Questions
20 <li><a href="#license">License</a>
22 <li>Why are the LLVM source code and the front-end distributed under
23 different licenses?</li>
25 <li>Does the University of Illinois Open Source License really qualify as an
26 "open source" license?</li>
28 <li>Can I modify LLVM source code and redistribute the modified source?</li>
30 <li>Can I modify LLVM source code and redistribute binaries or other tools
31 based on it, without redistributing the source?</li>
34 <li><a href="#source">Source code</a>
36 <li>In what language is LLVM written?</li>
38 <li>How portable is the LLVM source code?</li>
41 <li><a href="#build">Build Problems</a>
43 <li>When I run configure, it finds the wrong C compiler.</li>
45 <li>The <tt>configure</tt> script finds the right C compiler, but it uses
46 the LLVM linker from a previous build. What do I do?</li>
48 <li>When creating a dynamic library, I get a strange GLIBC error.</li>
50 <li>I've updated my source tree from Subversion, and now my build is trying
51 to use a file/directory that doesn't exist.</li>
53 <li>I've modified a Makefile in my source tree, but my build tree keeps
54 using the old version. What do I do?</li>
56 <li>I've upgraded to a new version of LLVM, and I get strange build
59 <li>I've built LLVM and am testing it, but the tests freeze.</li>
61 <li>Why do test results differ when I perform different types of
64 <li>Compiling LLVM with GCC 3.3.2 fails, what should I do?</li>
66 <li>Compiling LLVM with GCC succeeds, but the resulting tools do not work,
67 what can be wrong?</li>
69 <li>When I use the test suite, all of the C Backend tests fail. What is
72 <li>After Subversion update, rebuilding gives the error "No rule to make
75 <li><a href="#srcdir-objdir">When I compile LLVM-GCC with srcdir == objdir,
76 it fails. Why?</a></li>
79 <li><a href="#felangs">Source Languages</a>
81 <li><a href="#langs">What source languages are supported?</a></li>
83 <li><a href="#langirgen">I'd like to write a self-hosting LLVM compiler. How
84 should I interface with the LLVM middle-end optimizers and back-end code
87 <li><a href="#langhlsupp">What support is there for higher level source
88 language constructs for building a compiler?</a></li>
90 <li><a href="GetElementPtr.html">I don't understand the GetElementPtr
91 instruction. Help!</a></li>
94 <li><a href="#cfe">Using the GCC Front End</a>
96 <li>When I compile software that uses a configure script, the configure
97 script thinks my system has all of the header files and libraries it is
98 testing for. How do I get configure to work correctly?</li>
100 <li>When I compile code using the LLVM GCC front end, it complains that it
101 cannot find libcrtend.a?</li>
103 <li>How can I disable all optimizations when compiling code using the LLVM
106 <li><a href="#translatecxx">Can I use LLVM to convert C++ code to C
109 <li><a href="#platformindependent">Can I compile C or C++ code to
110 platform-independent LLVM bitcode?</a></li>
114 <li><a href="#cfe_code">Questions about code generated by the GCC front-end</a>
116 <li><a href="#iosinit">What is this <tt>llvm.global_ctors</tt> and
117 <tt>_GLOBAL__I__tmp_webcompile...</tt> stuff that happens when I
118 #include <iostream>?</a></li>
120 <li><a href="#codedce">Where did all of my code go??</a></li>
122 <li><a href="#undef">What is this "<tt>undef</tt>" thing that shows up in
125 <li><a href="#callconvwrong">Why does instcombine + simplifycfg turn
126 a call to a function with a mismatched calling convention into "unreachable"?
127 Why not make the verifier reject it?</a></li>
132 <div class="doc_author">
133 <p>Written by <a href="http://llvm.org/">The LLVM Team</a></p>
137 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
139 <a name="license">License</a>
141 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
143 <div class="question">
144 <p>Why are the LLVM source code and the front-end distributed under different
149 <p>The C/C++ front-ends are based on GCC and must be distributed under the GPL.
150 Our aim is to distribute LLVM source code under a <em>much less
151 restrictive</em> license, in particular one that does not compel users who
152 distribute tools based on modifying the source to redistribute the modified
153 source code as well.</p>
156 <div class="question">
157 <p>Does the University of Illinois Open Source License really qualify as an
158 "open source" license?</p>
163 is <a href="http://www.opensource.org/licenses/UoI-NCSA.php">certified</a> by
164 the Open Source Initiative (OSI).</p>
167 <div class="question">
168 <p>Can I modify LLVM source code and redistribute the modified source?</p>
172 <p>Yes. The modified source distribution must retain the copyright notice and
173 follow the three bulletted conditions listed in
174 the <a href="http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk/LICENSE.TXT">LLVM
178 <div class="question">
179 <p>Can I modify LLVM source code and redistribute binaries or other tools based
180 on it, without redistributing the source?</p>
184 <p>Yes. This is why we distribute LLVM under a less restrictive license than
185 GPL, as explained in the first question above.</p>
188 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
190 <a name="source">Source Code</a>
192 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
194 <div class="question">
195 <p>In what language is LLVM written?</p>
199 <p>All of the LLVM tools and libraries are written in C++ with extensive use of
203 <div class="question">
204 <p>How portable is the LLVM source code?</p>
208 <p>The LLVM source code should be portable to most modern UNIX-like operating
209 systems. Most of the code is written in standard C++ with operating system
210 services abstracted to a support library. The tools required to build and test
211 LLVM have been ported to a plethora of platforms.</p>
213 <p>Some porting problems may exist in the following areas:</p>
216 <li>The GCC front end code is not as portable as the LLVM suite, so it may not
217 compile as well on unsupported platforms.</li>
219 <li>The LLVM build system relies heavily on UNIX shell tools, like the Bourne
220 Shell and sed. Porting to systems without these tools (MacOS 9, Plan 9)
221 will require more effort.</li>
226 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
228 <a name="build">Build Problems</a>
230 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
232 <div class="question">
233 <p>When I run configure, it finds the wrong C compiler.</p>
237 <p>The <tt>configure</tt> script attempts to locate first <tt>gcc</tt> and then
238 <tt>cc</tt>, unless it finds compiler paths set in <tt>CC</tt>
239 and <tt>CXX</tt> for the C and C++ compiler, respectively.</p>
241 <p>If <tt>configure</tt> finds the wrong compiler, either adjust your
242 <tt>PATH</tt> environment variable or set <tt>CC</tt> and <tt>CXX</tt>
247 <div class="question">
248 <p>The <tt>configure</tt> script finds the right C compiler, but it uses the
249 LLVM linker from a previous build. What do I do?</p>
253 <p>The <tt>configure</tt> script uses the <tt>PATH</tt> to find executables, so
254 if it's grabbing the wrong linker/assembler/etc, there are two ways to fix
258 <li><p>Adjust your <tt>PATH</tt> environment variable so that the correct
259 program appears first in the <tt>PATH</tt>. This may work, but may not be
260 convenient when you want them <i>first</i> in your path for other
263 <li><p>Run <tt>configure</tt> with an alternative <tt>PATH</tt> that is
264 correct. In a Borne compatible shell, the syntax would be:</p>
266 <pre class="doc_code">
267 % PATH=[the path without the bad program] ./configure ...
270 <p>This is still somewhat inconvenient, but it allows <tt>configure</tt>
271 to do its work without having to adjust your <tt>PATH</tt>
272 permanently.</p></li>
276 <div class="question">
277 <p>When creating a dynamic library, I get a strange GLIBC error.</p>
281 <p>Under some operating systems (i.e. Linux), libtool does not work correctly if
282 GCC was compiled with the --disable-shared option. To work around this,
283 install your own version of GCC that has shared libraries enabled by
287 <div class="question">
288 <p>I've updated my source tree from Subversion, and now my build is trying to
289 use a file/directory that doesn't exist.</p>
293 <p>You need to re-run configure in your object directory. When new Makefiles
294 are added to the source tree, they have to be copied over to the object tree
295 in order to be used by the build.</p>
298 <div class="question">
299 <p>I've modified a Makefile in my source tree, but my build tree keeps using the
300 old version. What do I do?</p>
304 <p>If the Makefile already exists in your object tree, you can just run the
305 following command in the top level directory of your object tree:</p>
307 <pre class="doc_code">
308 % ./config.status <relative path to Makefile>
311 <p>If the Makefile is new, you will have to modify the configure script to copy
315 <div class="question">
316 <p>I've upgraded to a new version of LLVM, and I get strange build errors.</p>
321 <p>Sometimes, changes to the LLVM source code alters how the build system works.
322 Changes in libtool, autoconf, or header file dependencies are especially
323 prone to this sort of problem.</p>
325 <p>The best thing to try is to remove the old files and re-build. In most
326 cases, this takes care of the problem. To do this, just type <tt>make
327 clean</tt> and then <tt>make</tt> in the directory that fails to build.</p>
330 <div class="question">
331 <p>I've built LLVM and am testing it, but the tests freeze.</p>
335 <p>This is most likely occurring because you built a profile or release
336 (optimized) build of LLVM and have not specified the same information on the
337 <tt>gmake</tt> command line.</p>
339 <p>For example, if you built LLVM with the command:</p>
341 <pre class="doc_code">
342 % gmake ENABLE_PROFILING=1
345 <p>...then you must run the tests with the following commands:</p>
347 <pre class="doc_code">
349 % gmake ENABLE_PROFILING=1
353 <div class="question">
354 <p>Why do test results differ when I perform different types of builds?</p>
358 <p>The LLVM test suite is dependent upon several features of the LLVM tools and
361 <p>First, the debugging assertions in code are not enabled in optimized or
362 profiling builds. Hence, tests that used to fail may pass.</p>
364 <p>Second, some tests may rely upon debugging options or behavior that is only
365 available in the debug build. These tests will fail in an optimized or
369 <div class="question">
370 <p>Compiling LLVM with GCC 3.3.2 fails, what should I do?</p>
374 <p>This is <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=13392">a bug in
375 GCC</a>, and affects projects other than LLVM. Try upgrading or downgrading
379 <div class="question">
380 <p>Compiling LLVM with GCC succeeds, but the resulting tools do not work, what
385 <p>Several versions of GCC have shown a weakness in miscompiling the LLVM
386 codebase. Please consult your compiler version (<tt>gcc --version</tt>) to
387 find out whether it is <a href="GettingStarted.html#brokengcc">broken</a>.
388 If so, your only option is to upgrade GCC to a known good version.</p>
391 <div class="question">
392 <p>After Subversion update, rebuilding gives the error "No rule to make
397 <p>If the error is of the form:</p>
399 <pre class="doc_code">
400 gmake[2]: *** No rule to make target `/path/to/somefile', needed by
401 `/path/to/another/file.d'.<br>
405 <p>This may occur anytime files are moved within the Subversion repository or
406 removed entirely. In this case, the best solution is to erase all
407 <tt>.d</tt> files, which list dependencies for source files, and rebuild:</p>
409 <pre class="doc_code">
411 % rm -f `find . -name \*\.d`
415 <p>In other cases, it may be necessary to run <tt>make clean</tt> before
419 <div class="question">
420 <p><a name="srcdir-objdir">When I compile LLVM-GCC with srcdir == objdir, it
425 <p>The <tt>GNUmakefile</tt> in the top-level directory of LLVM-GCC is a special
426 <tt>Makefile</tt> used by Apple to invoke the <tt>build_gcc</tt> script after
427 setting up a special environment. This has the unfortunate side-effect that
428 trying to build LLVM-GCC with srcdir == objdir in a "non-Apple way" invokes
429 the <tt>GNUmakefile</tt> instead of <tt>Makefile</tt>. Because the
430 environment isn't set up correctly to do this, the build fails.</p>
432 <p>People not building LLVM-GCC the "Apple way" need to build LLVM-GCC with
433 srcdir != objdir, or simply remove the GNUmakefile entirely.</p>
435 <p>We regret the inconvenience.</p>
438 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
440 <a name="felangs">Source Languages</a>
443 <div class="question">
444 <p><a name="langs">What source languages are supported?</a></p>
448 <p>LLVM currently has full support for C and C++ source languages. These are
449 available through a special version of GCC that LLVM calls the
450 <a href="#cfe">C Front End</a></p>
452 <p>There is an incomplete version of a Java front end available in the
453 <tt>java</tt> module. There is no documentation on this yet so you'll need to
454 download the code, compile it, and try it.</p>
456 <p>The PyPy developers are working on integrating LLVM into the PyPy backend so
457 that PyPy language can translate to LLVM.</p>
460 <div class="question">
461 <p><a name="langirgen">I'd like to write a self-hosting LLVM compiler. How
462 should I interface with the LLVM middle-end optimizers and back-end code
467 <p>Your compiler front-end will communicate with LLVM by creating a module in
468 the LLVM intermediate representation (IR) format. Assuming you want to write
469 your language's compiler in the language itself (rather than C++), there are
470 3 major ways to tackle generating LLVM IR from a front-end:</p>
473 <li><strong>Call into the LLVM libraries code using your language's FFI
474 (foreign function interface).</strong>
477 <li><em>for:</em> best tracks changes to the LLVM IR, .ll syntax, and .bc
480 <li><em>for:</em> enables running LLVM optimization passes without a
481 emit/parse overhead</li>
483 <li><em>for:</em> adapts well to a JIT context</li>
485 <li><em>against:</em> lots of ugly glue code to write</li>
488 <li> <strong>Emit LLVM assembly from your compiler's native language.</strong>
490 <li><em>for:</em> very straightforward to get started</li>
492 <li><em>against:</em> the .ll parser is slower than the bitcode reader
493 when interfacing to the middle end</li>
495 <li><em>against:</em> you'll have to re-engineer the LLVM IR object model
496 and asm writer in your language</li>
498 <li><em>against:</em> it may be harder to track changes to the IR</li>
501 <li><strong>Emit LLVM bitcode from your compiler's native language.</strong>
504 <li><em>for:</em> can use the more-efficient bitcode reader when
505 interfacing to the middle end</li>
507 <li><em>against:</em> you'll have to re-engineer the LLVM IR object
508 model and bitcode writer in your language</li>
510 <li><em>against:</em> it may be harder to track changes to the IR</li>
514 <p>If you go with the first option, the C bindings in include/llvm-c should help
515 a lot, since most languages have strong support for interfacing with C. The
516 most common hurdle with calling C from managed code is interfacing with the
517 garbage collector. The C interface was designed to require very little memory
518 management, and so is straightforward in this regard.</p>
521 <div class="question">
522 <p><a name="langhlsupp">What support is there for a higher level source language
523 constructs for building a compiler?</a></p>
527 <p>Currently, there isn't much. LLVM supports an intermediate representation
528 which is useful for code representation but will not support the high level
529 (abstract syntax tree) representation needed by most compilers. There are no
530 facilities for lexical nor semantic analysis.</p>
533 <div class="question">
534 <p><a name="getelementptr">I don't understand the GetElementPtr
535 instruction. Help!</a></p>
539 <p>See <a href="GetElementPtr.html">The Often Misunderstood GEP
543 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
545 <a name="cfe">Using the GCC Front End</a>
548 <div class="question">
549 <p>When I compile software that uses a configure script, the configure script
550 thinks my system has all of the header files and libraries it is testing for.
551 How do I get configure to work correctly?</p>
555 <p>The configure script is getting things wrong because the LLVM linker allows
556 symbols to be undefined at link time (so that they can be resolved during JIT
557 or translation to the C back end). That is why configure thinks your system
558 "has everything."</p>
560 <p>To work around this, perform the following steps:</p>
563 <li>Make sure the CC and CXX environment variables contains the full path to
564 the LLVM GCC front end.</li>
566 <li>Make sure that the regular C compiler is first in your PATH. </li>
568 <li>Add the string "-Wl,-native" to your CFLAGS environment variable.</li>
571 <p>This will allow the <tt>llvm-ld</tt> linker to create a native code
572 executable instead of shell script that runs the JIT. Creating native code
573 requires standard linkage, which in turn will allow the configure script to
574 find out if code is not linking on your system because the feature isn't
575 available on your system.</p>
578 <div class="question">
579 <p>When I compile code using the LLVM GCC front end, it complains that it cannot
585 <p>The only way this can happen is if you haven't installed the runtime
586 library. To correct this, do:</p>
588 <pre class="doc_code">
590 % make clean ; make install-bytecode
594 <div class="question">
595 <p>How can I disable all optimizations when compiling code using the LLVM GCC
600 <p>Passing "-Wa,-disable-opt -Wl,-disable-opt" will disable *all* cleanup and
601 optimizations done at the llvm level, leaving you with the truly horrible
602 code that you desire.</p>
606 <div class="question">
607 <p><a name="translatecxx">Can I use LLVM to convert C++ code to C code?</a></p>
611 <p>Yes, you can use LLVM to convert code from any language LLVM supports to C.
612 Note that the generated C code will be very low level (all loops are lowered
613 to gotos, etc) and not very pretty (comments are stripped, original source
614 formatting is totally lost, variables are renamed, expressions are
615 regrouped), so this may not be what you're looking for. Also, there are
616 several limitations noted below.<p>
618 <p>Use commands like this:</p>
621 <li><p>Compile your program with llvm-g++:</p>
623 <pre class="doc_code">
624 % llvm-g++ -emit-llvm x.cpp -o program.bc -c
629 <pre class="doc_code">
630 % llvm-g++ a.cpp -c -emit-llvm
631 % llvm-g++ b.cpp -c -emit-llvm
632 % llvm-ld a.o b.o -o program
635 <p>This will generate program and program.bc. The .bc
636 file is the LLVM version of the program all linked together.</p></li>
638 <li><p>Convert the LLVM code to C code, using the LLC tool with the C
641 <pre class="doc_code">
642 % llc -march=c program.bc -o program.c
645 <li><p>Finally, compile the C file:</p>
647 <pre class="doc_code">
653 <p>Using LLVM does not eliminate the need for C++ library support. If you use
654 the llvm-g++ front-end, the generated code will depend on g++'s C++ support
655 libraries in the same way that code generated from g++ would. If you use
656 another C++ front-end, the generated code will depend on whatever library
657 that front-end would normally require.</p>
659 <p>If you are working on a platform that does not provide any C++ libraries, you
660 may be able to manually compile libstdc++ to LLVM bitcode, statically link it
661 into your program, then use the commands above to convert the whole result
662 into C code. Alternatively, you might compile the libraries and your
663 application into two different chunks of C code and link them.</p>
665 <p>Note that, by default, the C back end does not support exception handling.
666 If you want/need it for a certain program, you can enable it by passing
667 "-enable-correct-eh-support" to the llc program. The resultant code will use
668 setjmp/longjmp to implement exception support that is relatively slow, and
669 not C++-ABI-conforming on most platforms, but otherwise correct.</p>
671 <p>Also, there are a number of other limitations of the C backend that cause it
672 to produce code that does not fully conform to the C++ ABI on most
673 platforms. Some of the C++ programs in LLVM's test suite are known to fail
674 when compiled with the C back end because of ABI incompatibilities with
675 standard C++ libraries.</p>
678 <div class="question">
679 <p><a name="platformindependent">Can I compile C or C++ code to
680 platform-independent LLVM bitcode?</a></p>
684 <p>No. C and C++ are inherently platform-dependent languages. The most obvious
685 example of this is the preprocessor. A very common way that C code is made
686 portable is by using the preprocessor to include platform-specific code. In
687 practice, information about other platforms is lost after preprocessing, so
688 the result is inherently dependent on the platform that the preprocessing was
691 <p>Another example is <tt>sizeof</tt>. It's common for <tt>sizeof(long)</tt> to
692 vary between platforms. In most C front-ends, <tt>sizeof</tt> is expanded to
693 a constant immediately, thus hard-wiring a platform-specific detail.</p>
695 <p>Also, since many platforms define their ABIs in terms of C, and since LLVM is
696 lower-level than C, front-ends currently must emit platform-specific IR in
697 order to have the result conform to the platform ABI.</p>
700 <!-- *********************************************************************** -->
702 <a name="cfe_code">Questions about code generated by the GCC front-end</a>
705 <div class="question">
706 <p><a name="iosinit">What is this <tt>llvm.global_ctors</tt> and
707 <tt>_GLOBAL__I__tmp_webcompile...</tt> stuff that happens when I <tt>#include
708 <iostream></tt>?</a></p>
712 <p>If you <tt>#include</tt> the <tt><iostream></tt> header into a C++
713 translation unit, the file will probably use
714 the <tt>std::cin</tt>/<tt>std::cout</tt>/... global objects. However, C++
715 does not guarantee an order of initialization between static objects in
716 different translation units, so if a static ctor/dtor in your .cpp file
717 used <tt>std::cout</tt>, for example, the object would not necessarily be
718 automatically initialized before your use.</p>
720 <p>To make <tt>std::cout</tt> and friends work correctly in these scenarios, the
721 STL that we use declares a static object that gets created in every
722 translation unit that includes <tt><iostream></tt>. This object has a
723 static constructor and destructor that initializes and destroys the global
724 iostream objects before they could possibly be used in the file. The code
725 that you see in the .ll file corresponds to the constructor and destructor
729 <p>If you would like to make it easier to <b>understand</b> the LLVM code
730 generated by the compiler in the demo page, consider using <tt>printf()</tt>
731 instead of <tt>iostream</tt>s to print values.</p>
734 <!--=========================================================================-->
736 <div class="question">
737 <p><a name="codedce">Where did all of my code go??</a></p>
741 <p>If you are using the LLVM demo page, you may often wonder what happened to
742 all of the code that you typed in. Remember that the demo script is running
743 the code through the LLVM optimizers, so if your code doesn't actually do
744 anything useful, it might all be deleted.</p>
746 <p>To prevent this, make sure that the code is actually needed. For example, if
747 you are computing some expression, return the value from the function instead
748 of leaving it in a local variable. If you really want to constrain the
749 optimizer, you can read from and assign to <tt>volatile</tt> global
753 <!--=========================================================================-->
755 <div class="question">
756 <p><a name="undef">What is this "<tt>undef</tt>" thing that shows up in my
761 <p><a href="LangRef.html#undef"><tt>undef</tt></a> is the LLVM way of
762 representing a value that is not defined. You can get these if you do not
763 initialize a variable before you use it. For example, the C function:</p>
765 <pre class="doc_code">
766 int X() { int i; return i; }
769 <p>Is compiled to "<tt>ret i32 undef</tt>" because "<tt>i</tt>" never has a
770 value specified for it.</p>
773 <!--=========================================================================-->
775 <div class="question">
776 <p><a name="callconvwrong">Why does instcombine + simplifycfg turn
777 a call to a function with a mismatched calling convention into "unreachable"?
778 Why not make the verifier reject it?</a></p>
782 <p>This is a common problem run into by authors of front-ends that are using
783 custom calling conventions: you need to make sure to set the right calling
784 convention on both the function and on each call to the function. For example,
787 <pre class="doc_code">
788 define fastcc void @foo() {
797 <p>Is optimized to:</p>
799 <pre class="doc_code">
800 define fastcc void @foo() {
808 <p>... with "opt -instcombine -simplifycfg". This often bites people because
809 "all their code disappears". Setting the calling convention on the caller and
810 callee is required for indirect calls to work, so people often ask why not make
811 the verifier reject this sort of thing.</p>
813 <p>The answer is that this code has undefined behavior, but it is not illegal.
814 If we made it illegal, then every transformation that could potentially create
815 this would have to ensure that it doesn't, and there is valid code that can
816 create this sort of construct (in dead code). The sorts of things that can
817 cause this to happen are fairly contrived, but we still need to accept them.
818 Here's an example:</p>
820 <pre class="doc_code">
821 define fastcc void @foo() {
824 define internal void @bar(void()* %FP, i1 %cond) {
825 br i1 %cond, label %T, label %F
830 call fastcc void %FP()
833 define void @test() {
834 %X = or i1 false, false
835 call void @bar(void()* @foo, i1 %X)
840 <p>In this example, "test" always passes @foo/false into bar, which ensures that
841 it is dynamically called with the right calling conv (thus, the code is
842 perfectly well defined). If you run this through the inliner, you get this
843 (the explicit "or" is there so that the inliner doesn't dead code eliminate
847 <pre class="doc_code">
848 define fastcc void @foo() {
851 define void @test() {
852 %X = or i1 false, false
853 br i1 %X, label %T.i, label %F.i
858 call fastcc void @foo()
865 <p>Here you can see that the inlining pass made an undefined call to @foo with
866 the wrong calling convention. We really don't want to make the inliner have
867 to know about this sort of thing, so it needs to be valid code. In this case,
868 dead code elimination can trivially remove the undefined code. However, if %X
869 was an input argument to @test, the inliner would produce this:
872 <pre class="doc_code">
873 define fastcc void @foo() {
877 define void @test(i1 %X) {
878 br i1 %X, label %T.i, label %F.i
883 call fastcc void @foo()
890 <p>The interesting thing about this is that %X <em>must</em> be false for the
891 code to be well-defined, but no amount of dead code elimination will be able to
892 delete the broken call as unreachable. However, since instcombine/simplifycfg
893 turns the undefined call into unreachable, we end up with a branch on a
894 condition that goes to unreachable: a branch to unreachable can never happen, so
895 "-inline -instcombine -simplifycfg" is able to produce:</p>
897 <pre class="doc_code">
898 define fastcc void @foo() {
901 define void @test(i1 %X) {
903 call fastcc void @foo()
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