2 * Driver for Alauda-based card readers
4 * Current development and maintenance by:
5 * (c) 2005 Daniel Drake <dsd@gentoo.org>
7 * The 'Alauda' is a chip manufacturered by RATOC for OEM use.
9 * Alauda implements a vendor-specific command set to access two media reader
10 * ports (XD, SmartMedia). This driver converts SCSI commands to the commands
11 * which are accepted by these devices.
13 * The driver was developed through reverse-engineering, with the help of the
14 * sddr09 driver which has many similarities, and with some help from the
15 * (very old) vendor-supplied GPL sma03 driver.
17 * For protocol info, see http://alauda.sourceforge.net
19 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
20 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
21 * Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any
24 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
25 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
26 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
27 * General Public License for more details.
29 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
30 * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
31 * 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
34 #include <linux/module.h>
35 #include <linux/slab.h>
37 #include <scsi/scsi.h>
38 #include <scsi/scsi_cmnd.h>
39 #include <scsi/scsi_device.h>
42 #include "transport.h"
46 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Driver for Alauda-based card readers");
47 MODULE_AUTHOR("Daniel Drake <dsd@gentoo.org>");
48 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
53 #define ALAUDA_STATUS_ERROR 0x01
54 #define ALAUDA_STATUS_READY 0x40
57 * Control opcodes (for request field)
59 #define ALAUDA_GET_XD_MEDIA_STATUS 0x08
60 #define ALAUDA_GET_SM_MEDIA_STATUS 0x98
61 #define ALAUDA_ACK_XD_MEDIA_CHANGE 0x0a
62 #define ALAUDA_ACK_SM_MEDIA_CHANGE 0x9a
63 #define ALAUDA_GET_XD_MEDIA_SIG 0x86
64 #define ALAUDA_GET_SM_MEDIA_SIG 0x96
67 * Bulk command identity (byte 0)
69 #define ALAUDA_BULK_CMD 0x40
72 * Bulk opcodes (byte 1)
74 #define ALAUDA_BULK_GET_REDU_DATA 0x85
75 #define ALAUDA_BULK_READ_BLOCK 0x94
76 #define ALAUDA_BULK_ERASE_BLOCK 0xa3
77 #define ALAUDA_BULK_WRITE_BLOCK 0xb4
78 #define ALAUDA_BULK_GET_STATUS2 0xb7
79 #define ALAUDA_BULK_RESET_MEDIA 0xe0
82 * Port to operate on (byte 8)
84 #define ALAUDA_PORT_XD 0x00
85 #define ALAUDA_PORT_SM 0x01
88 * LBA and PBA are unsigned ints. Special values.
92 #define UNUSABLE 0xfffd
94 struct alauda_media_info {
95 unsigned long capacity; /* total media size in bytes */
96 unsigned int pagesize; /* page size in bytes */
97 unsigned int blocksize; /* number of pages per block */
98 unsigned int uzonesize; /* number of usable blocks per zone */
99 unsigned int zonesize; /* number of blocks per zone */
100 unsigned int blockmask; /* mask to get page from address */
102 unsigned char pageshift;
103 unsigned char blockshift;
104 unsigned char zoneshift;
106 u16 **lba_to_pba; /* logical to physical block map */
107 u16 **pba_to_lba; /* physical to logical block map */
111 struct alauda_media_info port[2];
112 int wr_ep; /* endpoint to write data out of */
114 unsigned char sense_key;
115 unsigned long sense_asc; /* additional sense code */
116 unsigned long sense_ascq; /* additional sense code qualifier */
119 #define short_pack(lsb,msb) ( ((u16)(lsb)) | ( ((u16)(msb))<<8 ) )
120 #define LSB_of(s) ((s)&0xFF)
121 #define MSB_of(s) ((s)>>8)
123 #define MEDIA_PORT(us) us->srb->device->lun
124 #define MEDIA_INFO(us) ((struct alauda_info *)us->extra)->port[MEDIA_PORT(us)]
126 #define PBA_LO(pba) ((pba & 0xF) << 5)
127 #define PBA_HI(pba) (pba >> 3)
128 #define PBA_ZONE(pba) (pba >> 11)
130 static int init_alauda(struct us_data *us);
134 * The table of devices
136 #define UNUSUAL_DEV(id_vendor, id_product, bcdDeviceMin, bcdDeviceMax, \
137 vendorName, productName, useProtocol, useTransport, \
138 initFunction, flags) \
139 { USB_DEVICE_VER(id_vendor, id_product, bcdDeviceMin, bcdDeviceMax), \
140 .driver_info = (flags) }
142 static struct usb_device_id alauda_usb_ids[] = {
143 # include "unusual_alauda.h"
144 { } /* Terminating entry */
146 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, alauda_usb_ids);
153 #define UNUSUAL_DEV(idVendor, idProduct, bcdDeviceMin, bcdDeviceMax, \
154 vendor_name, product_name, use_protocol, use_transport, \
155 init_function, Flags) \
157 .vendorName = vendor_name, \
158 .productName = product_name, \
159 .useProtocol = use_protocol, \
160 .useTransport = use_transport, \
161 .initFunction = init_function, \
164 static struct us_unusual_dev alauda_unusual_dev_list[] = {
165 # include "unusual_alauda.h"
166 { } /* Terminating entry */
176 struct alauda_card_info {
177 unsigned char id; /* id byte */
178 unsigned char chipshift; /* 1<<cs bytes total capacity */
179 unsigned char pageshift; /* 1<<ps bytes in a page */
180 unsigned char blockshift; /* 1<<bs pages per block */
181 unsigned char zoneshift; /* 1<<zs blocks per zone */
184 static struct alauda_card_info alauda_card_ids[] = {
186 { 0x6e, 20, 8, 4, 8}, /* 1 MB */
187 { 0xe8, 20, 8, 4, 8}, /* 1 MB */
188 { 0xec, 20, 8, 4, 8}, /* 1 MB */
189 { 0x64, 21, 8, 4, 9}, /* 2 MB */
190 { 0xea, 21, 8, 4, 9}, /* 2 MB */
191 { 0x6b, 22, 9, 4, 9}, /* 4 MB */
192 { 0xe3, 22, 9, 4, 9}, /* 4 MB */
193 { 0xe5, 22, 9, 4, 9}, /* 4 MB */
194 { 0xe6, 23, 9, 4, 10}, /* 8 MB */
195 { 0x73, 24, 9, 5, 10}, /* 16 MB */
196 { 0x75, 25, 9, 5, 10}, /* 32 MB */
197 { 0x76, 26, 9, 5, 10}, /* 64 MB */
198 { 0x79, 27, 9, 5, 10}, /* 128 MB */
199 { 0x71, 28, 9, 5, 10}, /* 256 MB */
202 { 0x5d, 21, 9, 4, 8}, /* 2 MB */
203 { 0xd5, 22, 9, 4, 9}, /* 4 MB */
204 { 0xd6, 23, 9, 4, 10}, /* 8 MB */
205 { 0x57, 24, 9, 4, 11}, /* 16 MB */
206 { 0x58, 25, 9, 4, 12}, /* 32 MB */
210 static struct alauda_card_info *alauda_card_find_id(unsigned char id) {
213 for (i = 0; alauda_card_ids[i].id != 0; i++)
214 if (alauda_card_ids[i].id == id)
215 return &(alauda_card_ids[i]);
223 static unsigned char parity[256];
224 static unsigned char ecc2[256];
226 static void nand_init_ecc(void) {
230 for (i = 1; i < 256; i++)
231 parity[i] = (parity[i&(i-1)] ^ 1);
233 for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
235 for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
245 ecc2[i] = ~(a ^ (a<<1) ^ (parity[i] ? 0xa8 : 0));
249 /* compute 3-byte ecc on 256 bytes */
250 static void nand_compute_ecc(unsigned char *data, unsigned char *ecc) {
252 unsigned char par, bit, bits[8];
255 for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
258 /* collect 16 checksum bits */
259 for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
261 bit = parity[data[i]];
262 for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
263 if ((i & (1<<j)) == 0)
267 /* put 4+4+4 = 12 bits in the ecc */
268 a = (bits[3] << 6) + (bits[2] << 4) + (bits[1] << 2) + bits[0];
269 ecc[0] = ~(a ^ (a<<1) ^ (parity[par] ? 0xaa : 0));
271 a = (bits[7] << 6) + (bits[6] << 4) + (bits[5] << 2) + bits[4];
272 ecc[1] = ~(a ^ (a<<1) ^ (parity[par] ? 0xaa : 0));
277 static int nand_compare_ecc(unsigned char *data, unsigned char *ecc) {
278 return (data[0] == ecc[0] && data[1] == ecc[1] && data[2] == ecc[2]);
281 static void nand_store_ecc(unsigned char *data, unsigned char *ecc) {
282 memcpy(data, ecc, 3);
290 * Forget our PBA <---> LBA mappings for a particular port
292 static void alauda_free_maps (struct alauda_media_info *media_info)
294 unsigned int shift = media_info->zoneshift
295 + media_info->blockshift + media_info->pageshift;
296 unsigned int num_zones = media_info->capacity >> shift;
299 if (media_info->lba_to_pba != NULL)
300 for (i = 0; i < num_zones; i++) {
301 kfree(media_info->lba_to_pba[i]);
302 media_info->lba_to_pba[i] = NULL;
305 if (media_info->pba_to_lba != NULL)
306 for (i = 0; i < num_zones; i++) {
307 kfree(media_info->pba_to_lba[i]);
308 media_info->pba_to_lba[i] = NULL;
313 * Returns 2 bytes of status data
314 * The first byte describes media status, and second byte describes door status
316 static int alauda_get_media_status(struct us_data *us, unsigned char *data)
319 unsigned char command;
321 if (MEDIA_PORT(us) == ALAUDA_PORT_XD)
322 command = ALAUDA_GET_XD_MEDIA_STATUS;
324 command = ALAUDA_GET_SM_MEDIA_STATUS;
326 rc = usb_stor_ctrl_transfer(us, us->recv_ctrl_pipe,
327 command, 0xc0, 0, 1, data, 2);
329 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Media status %02X %02X\n", data[0], data[1]);
335 * Clears the "media was changed" bit so that we know when it changes again
338 static int alauda_ack_media(struct us_data *us)
340 unsigned char command;
342 if (MEDIA_PORT(us) == ALAUDA_PORT_XD)
343 command = ALAUDA_ACK_XD_MEDIA_CHANGE;
345 command = ALAUDA_ACK_SM_MEDIA_CHANGE;
347 return usb_stor_ctrl_transfer(us, us->send_ctrl_pipe,
348 command, 0x40, 0, 1, NULL, 0);
352 * Retrieves a 4-byte media signature, which indicates manufacturer, capacity,
353 * and some other details.
355 static int alauda_get_media_signature(struct us_data *us, unsigned char *data)
357 unsigned char command;
359 if (MEDIA_PORT(us) == ALAUDA_PORT_XD)
360 command = ALAUDA_GET_XD_MEDIA_SIG;
362 command = ALAUDA_GET_SM_MEDIA_SIG;
364 return usb_stor_ctrl_transfer(us, us->recv_ctrl_pipe,
365 command, 0xc0, 0, 0, data, 4);
369 * Resets the media status (but not the whole device?)
371 static int alauda_reset_media(struct us_data *us)
373 unsigned char *command = us->iobuf;
375 memset(command, 0, 9);
376 command[0] = ALAUDA_BULK_CMD;
377 command[1] = ALAUDA_BULK_RESET_MEDIA;
378 command[8] = MEDIA_PORT(us);
380 return usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, us->send_bulk_pipe,
385 * Examines the media and deduces capacity, etc.
387 static int alauda_init_media(struct us_data *us)
389 unsigned char *data = us->iobuf;
391 struct alauda_card_info *media_info;
392 unsigned int num_zones;
397 if (alauda_get_media_status(us, data) != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
398 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
404 usb_stor_dbg(us, "We are ready for action!\n");
406 if (alauda_ack_media(us) != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
407 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
411 if (alauda_get_media_status(us, data) != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
412 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
414 if (data[0] != 0x14) {
415 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Media not ready after ack\n");
416 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
419 if (alauda_get_media_signature(us, data) != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
420 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
422 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Media signature: %02X %02X %02X %02X\n",
423 data[0], data[1], data[2], data[3]);
424 media_info = alauda_card_find_id(data[1]);
425 if (media_info == NULL) {
427 "alauda_init_media: Unrecognised media signature: "
428 "%02X %02X %02X %02X\n",
429 data[0], data[1], data[2], data[3]);
430 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
433 MEDIA_INFO(us).capacity = 1 << media_info->chipshift;
434 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Found media with capacity: %ldMB\n",
435 MEDIA_INFO(us).capacity >> 20);
437 MEDIA_INFO(us).pageshift = media_info->pageshift;
438 MEDIA_INFO(us).blockshift = media_info->blockshift;
439 MEDIA_INFO(us).zoneshift = media_info->zoneshift;
441 MEDIA_INFO(us).pagesize = 1 << media_info->pageshift;
442 MEDIA_INFO(us).blocksize = 1 << media_info->blockshift;
443 MEDIA_INFO(us).zonesize = 1 << media_info->zoneshift;
445 MEDIA_INFO(us).uzonesize = ((1 << media_info->zoneshift) / 128) * 125;
446 MEDIA_INFO(us).blockmask = MEDIA_INFO(us).blocksize - 1;
448 num_zones = MEDIA_INFO(us).capacity >> (MEDIA_INFO(us).zoneshift
449 + MEDIA_INFO(us).blockshift + MEDIA_INFO(us).pageshift);
450 MEDIA_INFO(us).pba_to_lba = kcalloc(num_zones, sizeof(u16*), GFP_NOIO);
451 MEDIA_INFO(us).lba_to_pba = kcalloc(num_zones, sizeof(u16*), GFP_NOIO);
453 if (alauda_reset_media(us) != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
454 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
456 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
460 * Examines the media status and does the right thing when the media has gone,
461 * appeared, or changed.
463 static int alauda_check_media(struct us_data *us)
465 struct alauda_info *info = (struct alauda_info *) us->extra;
466 unsigned char status[2];
469 rc = alauda_get_media_status(us, status);
471 /* Check for no media or door open */
472 if ((status[0] & 0x80) || ((status[0] & 0x1F) == 0x10)
473 || ((status[1] & 0x01) == 0)) {
474 usb_stor_dbg(us, "No media, or door open\n");
475 alauda_free_maps(&MEDIA_INFO(us));
476 info->sense_key = 0x02;
477 info->sense_asc = 0x3A;
478 info->sense_ascq = 0x00;
479 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_FAILED;
482 /* Check for media change */
483 if (status[0] & 0x08) {
484 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Media change detected\n");
485 alauda_free_maps(&MEDIA_INFO(us));
486 alauda_init_media(us);
488 info->sense_key = UNIT_ATTENTION;
489 info->sense_asc = 0x28;
490 info->sense_ascq = 0x00;
491 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_FAILED;
494 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
498 * Checks the status from the 2nd status register
499 * Returns 3 bytes of status data, only the first is known
501 static int alauda_check_status2(struct us_data *us)
504 unsigned char command[] = {
505 ALAUDA_BULK_CMD, ALAUDA_BULK_GET_STATUS2,
506 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, MEDIA_PORT(us)
508 unsigned char data[3];
510 rc = usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, us->send_bulk_pipe,
512 if (rc != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
515 rc = usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, us->recv_bulk_pipe,
517 if (rc != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
520 usb_stor_dbg(us, "%02X %02X %02X\n", data[0], data[1], data[2]);
521 if (data[0] & ALAUDA_STATUS_ERROR)
522 return USB_STOR_XFER_ERROR;
524 return USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD;
528 * Gets the redundancy data for the first page of a PBA
531 static int alauda_get_redu_data(struct us_data *us, u16 pba, unsigned char *data)
534 unsigned char command[] = {
535 ALAUDA_BULK_CMD, ALAUDA_BULK_GET_REDU_DATA,
536 PBA_HI(pba), PBA_ZONE(pba), 0, PBA_LO(pba), 0, 0, MEDIA_PORT(us)
539 rc = usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, us->send_bulk_pipe,
541 if (rc != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
544 return usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, us->recv_bulk_pipe,
549 * Finds the first unused PBA in a zone
550 * Returns the absolute PBA of an unused PBA, or 0 if none found.
552 static u16 alauda_find_unused_pba(struct alauda_media_info *info,
555 u16 *pba_to_lba = info->pba_to_lba[zone];
558 for (i = 0; i < info->zonesize; i++)
559 if (pba_to_lba[i] == UNDEF)
560 return (zone << info->zoneshift) + i;
566 * Reads the redundancy data for all PBA's in a zone
567 * Produces lba <--> pba mappings
569 static int alauda_read_map(struct us_data *us, unsigned int zone)
571 unsigned char *data = us->iobuf;
574 unsigned int zonesize = MEDIA_INFO(us).zonesize;
575 unsigned int uzonesize = MEDIA_INFO(us).uzonesize;
576 unsigned int lba_offset, lba_real, blocknum;
577 unsigned int zone_base_lba = zone * uzonesize;
578 unsigned int zone_base_pba = zone * zonesize;
579 u16 *lba_to_pba = kcalloc(zonesize, sizeof(u16), GFP_NOIO);
580 u16 *pba_to_lba = kcalloc(zonesize, sizeof(u16), GFP_NOIO);
581 if (lba_to_pba == NULL || pba_to_lba == NULL) {
582 result = USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
586 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Mapping blocks for zone %d\n", zone);
588 /* 1024 PBA's per zone */
589 for (i = 0; i < zonesize; i++)
590 lba_to_pba[i] = pba_to_lba[i] = UNDEF;
592 for (i = 0; i < zonesize; i++) {
593 blocknum = zone_base_pba + i;
595 result = alauda_get_redu_data(us, blocknum, data);
596 if (result != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD) {
597 result = USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
601 /* special PBAs have control field 0^16 */
602 for (j = 0; j < 16; j++)
605 pba_to_lba[i] = UNUSABLE;
606 usb_stor_dbg(us, "PBA %d has no logical mapping\n", blocknum);
610 /* unwritten PBAs have control field FF^16 */
611 for (j = 0; j < 16; j++)
617 /* normal PBAs start with six FFs */
619 usb_stor_dbg(us, "PBA %d has no logical mapping: reserved area = %02X%02X%02X%02X data status %02X block status %02X\n",
621 data[0], data[1], data[2], data[3],
623 pba_to_lba[i] = UNUSABLE;
627 if ((data[6] >> 4) != 0x01) {
628 usb_stor_dbg(us, "PBA %d has invalid address field %02X%02X/%02X%02X\n",
629 blocknum, data[6], data[7],
631 pba_to_lba[i] = UNUSABLE;
635 /* check even parity */
636 if (parity[data[6] ^ data[7]]) {
638 "alauda_read_map: Bad parity in LBA for block %d"
639 " (%02X %02X)\n", i, data[6], data[7]);
640 pba_to_lba[i] = UNUSABLE;
644 lba_offset = short_pack(data[7], data[6]);
645 lba_offset = (lba_offset & 0x07FF) >> 1;
646 lba_real = lba_offset + zone_base_lba;
649 * Every 1024 physical blocks ("zone"), the LBA numbers
650 * go back to zero, but are within a higher block of LBA's.
651 * Also, there is a maximum of 1000 LBA's per zone.
652 * In other words, in PBA 1024-2047 you will find LBA 0-999
653 * which are really LBA 1000-1999. This allows for 24 bad
654 * or special physical blocks per zone.
657 if (lba_offset >= uzonesize) {
659 "alauda_read_map: Bad low LBA %d for block %d\n",
664 if (lba_to_pba[lba_offset] != UNDEF) {
667 "LBA %d seen for PBA %d and %d\n",
668 lba_real, lba_to_pba[lba_offset], blocknum);
672 pba_to_lba[i] = lba_real;
673 lba_to_pba[lba_offset] = blocknum;
677 MEDIA_INFO(us).lba_to_pba[zone] = lba_to_pba;
678 MEDIA_INFO(us).pba_to_lba[zone] = pba_to_lba;
690 * Checks to see whether we have already mapped a certain zone
691 * If we haven't, the map is generated
693 static void alauda_ensure_map_for_zone(struct us_data *us, unsigned int zone)
695 if (MEDIA_INFO(us).lba_to_pba[zone] == NULL
696 || MEDIA_INFO(us).pba_to_lba[zone] == NULL)
697 alauda_read_map(us, zone);
701 * Erases an entire block
703 static int alauda_erase_block(struct us_data *us, u16 pba)
706 unsigned char command[] = {
707 ALAUDA_BULK_CMD, ALAUDA_BULK_ERASE_BLOCK, PBA_HI(pba),
708 PBA_ZONE(pba), 0, PBA_LO(pba), 0x02, 0, MEDIA_PORT(us)
710 unsigned char buf[2];
712 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Erasing PBA %d\n", pba);
714 rc = usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, us->send_bulk_pipe,
716 if (rc != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
719 rc = usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, us->recv_bulk_pipe,
721 if (rc != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
724 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Erase result: %02X %02X\n", buf[0], buf[1]);
729 * Reads data from a certain offset page inside a PBA, including interleaved
730 * redundancy data. Returns (pagesize+64)*pages bytes in data.
732 static int alauda_read_block_raw(struct us_data *us, u16 pba,
733 unsigned int page, unsigned int pages, unsigned char *data)
736 unsigned char command[] = {
737 ALAUDA_BULK_CMD, ALAUDA_BULK_READ_BLOCK, PBA_HI(pba),
738 PBA_ZONE(pba), 0, PBA_LO(pba) + page, pages, 0, MEDIA_PORT(us)
741 usb_stor_dbg(us, "pba %d page %d count %d\n", pba, page, pages);
743 rc = usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, us->send_bulk_pipe,
745 if (rc != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
748 return usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, us->recv_bulk_pipe,
749 data, (MEDIA_INFO(us).pagesize + 64) * pages, NULL);
753 * Reads data from a certain offset page inside a PBA, excluding redundancy
754 * data. Returns pagesize*pages bytes in data. Note that data must be big enough
755 * to hold (pagesize+64)*pages bytes of data, but you can ignore those 'extra'
756 * trailing bytes outside this function.
758 static int alauda_read_block(struct us_data *us, u16 pba,
759 unsigned int page, unsigned int pages, unsigned char *data)
762 unsigned int pagesize = MEDIA_INFO(us).pagesize;
764 rc = alauda_read_block_raw(us, pba, page, pages, data);
765 if (rc != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
768 /* Cut out the redundancy data */
769 for (i = 0; i < pages; i++) {
770 int dest_offset = i * pagesize;
771 int src_offset = i * (pagesize + 64);
772 memmove(data + dest_offset, data + src_offset, pagesize);
779 * Writes an entire block of data and checks status after write.
780 * Redundancy data must be already included in data. Data should be
781 * (pagesize+64)*blocksize bytes in length.
783 static int alauda_write_block(struct us_data *us, u16 pba, unsigned char *data)
786 struct alauda_info *info = (struct alauda_info *) us->extra;
787 unsigned char command[] = {
788 ALAUDA_BULK_CMD, ALAUDA_BULK_WRITE_BLOCK, PBA_HI(pba),
789 PBA_ZONE(pba), 0, PBA_LO(pba), 32, 0, MEDIA_PORT(us)
792 usb_stor_dbg(us, "pba %d\n", pba);
794 rc = usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, us->send_bulk_pipe,
796 if (rc != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
799 rc = usb_stor_bulk_transfer_buf(us, info->wr_ep, data,
800 (MEDIA_INFO(us).pagesize + 64) * MEDIA_INFO(us).blocksize,
802 if (rc != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
805 return alauda_check_status2(us);
809 * Write some data to a specific LBA.
811 static int alauda_write_lba(struct us_data *us, u16 lba,
812 unsigned int page, unsigned int pages,
813 unsigned char *ptr, unsigned char *blockbuffer)
815 u16 pba, lbap, new_pba;
816 unsigned char *bptr, *cptr, *xptr;
817 unsigned char ecc[3];
819 unsigned int uzonesize = MEDIA_INFO(us).uzonesize;
820 unsigned int zonesize = MEDIA_INFO(us).zonesize;
821 unsigned int pagesize = MEDIA_INFO(us).pagesize;
822 unsigned int blocksize = MEDIA_INFO(us).blocksize;
823 unsigned int lba_offset = lba % uzonesize;
824 unsigned int new_pba_offset;
825 unsigned int zone = lba / uzonesize;
827 alauda_ensure_map_for_zone(us, zone);
829 pba = MEDIA_INFO(us).lba_to_pba[zone][lba_offset];
831 /* Maybe it is impossible to write to PBA 1.
832 Fake success, but don't do anything. */
834 "alauda_write_lba: avoid writing to pba 1\n");
835 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
838 new_pba = alauda_find_unused_pba(&MEDIA_INFO(us), zone);
841 "alauda_write_lba: Out of unused blocks\n");
842 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
845 /* read old contents */
847 result = alauda_read_block_raw(us, pba, 0,
848 blocksize, blockbuffer);
849 if (result != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
852 memset(blockbuffer, 0, blocksize * (pagesize + 64));
855 lbap = (lba_offset << 1) | 0x1000;
856 if (parity[MSB_of(lbap) ^ LSB_of(lbap)])
859 /* check old contents and fill lba */
860 for (i = 0; i < blocksize; i++) {
861 bptr = blockbuffer + (i * (pagesize + 64));
862 cptr = bptr + pagesize;
863 nand_compute_ecc(bptr, ecc);
864 if (!nand_compare_ecc(cptr+13, ecc)) {
865 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Warning: bad ecc in page %d- of pba %d\n",
867 nand_store_ecc(cptr+13, ecc);
869 nand_compute_ecc(bptr + (pagesize / 2), ecc);
870 if (!nand_compare_ecc(cptr+8, ecc)) {
871 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Warning: bad ecc in page %d+ of pba %d\n",
873 nand_store_ecc(cptr+8, ecc);
875 cptr[6] = cptr[11] = MSB_of(lbap);
876 cptr[7] = cptr[12] = LSB_of(lbap);
879 /* copy in new stuff and compute ECC */
881 for (i = page; i < page+pages; i++) {
882 bptr = blockbuffer + (i * (pagesize + 64));
883 cptr = bptr + pagesize;
884 memcpy(bptr, xptr, pagesize);
886 nand_compute_ecc(bptr, ecc);
887 nand_store_ecc(cptr+13, ecc);
888 nand_compute_ecc(bptr + (pagesize / 2), ecc);
889 nand_store_ecc(cptr+8, ecc);
892 result = alauda_write_block(us, new_pba, blockbuffer);
893 if (result != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
896 new_pba_offset = new_pba - (zone * zonesize);
897 MEDIA_INFO(us).pba_to_lba[zone][new_pba_offset] = lba;
898 MEDIA_INFO(us).lba_to_pba[zone][lba_offset] = new_pba;
899 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Remapped LBA %d to PBA %d\n", lba, new_pba);
902 unsigned int pba_offset = pba - (zone * zonesize);
903 result = alauda_erase_block(us, pba);
904 if (result != USB_STOR_XFER_GOOD)
906 MEDIA_INFO(us).pba_to_lba[zone][pba_offset] = UNDEF;
909 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
913 * Read data from a specific sector address
915 static int alauda_read_data(struct us_data *us, unsigned long address,
916 unsigned int sectors)
918 unsigned char *buffer;
920 unsigned int page, len, offset;
921 unsigned int blockshift = MEDIA_INFO(us).blockshift;
922 unsigned int pageshift = MEDIA_INFO(us).pageshift;
923 unsigned int blocksize = MEDIA_INFO(us).blocksize;
924 unsigned int pagesize = MEDIA_INFO(us).pagesize;
925 unsigned int uzonesize = MEDIA_INFO(us).uzonesize;
926 struct scatterlist *sg;
930 * Since we only read in one block at a time, we have to create
931 * a bounce buffer and move the data a piece at a time between the
932 * bounce buffer and the actual transfer buffer.
933 * We make this buffer big enough to hold temporary redundancy data,
934 * which we use when reading the data blocks.
937 len = min(sectors, blocksize) * (pagesize + 64);
938 buffer = kmalloc(len, GFP_NOIO);
939 if (buffer == NULL) {
940 printk(KERN_WARNING "alauda_read_data: Out of memory\n");
941 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
944 /* Figure out the initial LBA and page */
945 lba = address >> blockshift;
946 page = (address & MEDIA_INFO(us).blockmask);
947 max_lba = MEDIA_INFO(us).capacity >> (blockshift + pageshift);
949 result = USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
953 while (sectors > 0) {
954 unsigned int zone = lba / uzonesize; /* integer division */
955 unsigned int lba_offset = lba - (zone * uzonesize);
958 alauda_ensure_map_for_zone(us, zone);
960 /* Not overflowing capacity? */
961 if (lba >= max_lba) {
962 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Error: Requested lba %u exceeds maximum %u\n",
964 result = USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
968 /* Find number of pages we can read in this block */
969 pages = min(sectors, blocksize - page);
970 len = pages << pageshift;
972 /* Find where this lba lives on disk */
973 pba = MEDIA_INFO(us).lba_to_pba[zone][lba_offset];
975 if (pba == UNDEF) { /* this lba was never written */
976 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Read %d zero pages (LBA %d) page %d\n",
979 /* This is not really an error. It just means
980 that the block has never been written.
981 Instead of returning USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR
982 it is better to return all zero data. */
984 memset(buffer, 0, len);
986 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Read %d pages, from PBA %d (LBA %d) page %d\n",
987 pages, pba, lba, page);
989 result = alauda_read_block(us, pba, page, pages, buffer);
990 if (result != USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD)
994 /* Store the data in the transfer buffer */
995 usb_stor_access_xfer_buf(buffer, len, us->srb,
996 &sg, &offset, TO_XFER_BUF);
1008 * Write data to a specific sector address
1010 static int alauda_write_data(struct us_data *us, unsigned long address,
1011 unsigned int sectors)
1013 unsigned char *buffer, *blockbuffer;
1014 unsigned int page, len, offset;
1015 unsigned int blockshift = MEDIA_INFO(us).blockshift;
1016 unsigned int pageshift = MEDIA_INFO(us).pageshift;
1017 unsigned int blocksize = MEDIA_INFO(us).blocksize;
1018 unsigned int pagesize = MEDIA_INFO(us).pagesize;
1019 struct scatterlist *sg;
1024 * Since we don't write the user data directly to the device,
1025 * we have to create a bounce buffer and move the data a piece
1026 * at a time between the bounce buffer and the actual transfer buffer.
1029 len = min(sectors, blocksize) * pagesize;
1030 buffer = kmalloc(len, GFP_NOIO);
1031 if (buffer == NULL) {
1032 printk(KERN_WARNING "alauda_write_data: Out of memory\n");
1033 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
1037 * We also need a temporary block buffer, where we read in the old data,
1038 * overwrite parts with the new data, and manipulate the redundancy data
1040 blockbuffer = kmalloc((pagesize + 64) * blocksize, GFP_NOIO);
1041 if (blockbuffer == NULL) {
1042 printk(KERN_WARNING "alauda_write_data: Out of memory\n");
1044 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
1047 /* Figure out the initial LBA and page */
1048 lba = address >> blockshift;
1049 page = (address & MEDIA_INFO(us).blockmask);
1050 max_lba = MEDIA_INFO(us).capacity >> (pageshift + blockshift);
1052 result = USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
1056 while (sectors > 0) {
1057 /* Write as many sectors as possible in this block */
1058 unsigned int pages = min(sectors, blocksize - page);
1059 len = pages << pageshift;
1061 /* Not overflowing capacity? */
1062 if (lba >= max_lba) {
1063 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Requested lba %u exceeds maximum %u\n",
1065 result = USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
1069 /* Get the data from the transfer buffer */
1070 usb_stor_access_xfer_buf(buffer, len, us->srb,
1071 &sg, &offset, FROM_XFER_BUF);
1073 result = alauda_write_lba(us, lba, page, pages, buffer,
1075 if (result != USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD)
1089 * Our interface with the rest of the world
1092 static void alauda_info_destructor(void *extra)
1094 struct alauda_info *info = (struct alauda_info *) extra;
1100 for (port = 0; port < 2; port++) {
1101 struct alauda_media_info *media_info = &info->port[port];
1103 alauda_free_maps(media_info);
1104 kfree(media_info->lba_to_pba);
1105 kfree(media_info->pba_to_lba);
1110 * Initialize alauda_info struct and find the data-write endpoint
1112 static int init_alauda(struct us_data *us)
1114 struct alauda_info *info;
1115 struct usb_host_interface *altsetting = us->pusb_intf->cur_altsetting;
1118 us->extra = kzalloc(sizeof(struct alauda_info), GFP_NOIO);
1120 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_ERROR;
1122 info = (struct alauda_info *) us->extra;
1123 us->extra_destructor = alauda_info_destructor;
1125 info->wr_ep = usb_sndbulkpipe(us->pusb_dev,
1126 altsetting->endpoint[0].desc.bEndpointAddress
1127 & USB_ENDPOINT_NUMBER_MASK);
1129 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
1132 static int alauda_transport(struct scsi_cmnd *srb, struct us_data *us)
1135 struct alauda_info *info = (struct alauda_info *) us->extra;
1136 unsigned char *ptr = us->iobuf;
1137 static unsigned char inquiry_response[36] = {
1138 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x01, 0x1F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
1141 if (srb->cmnd[0] == INQUIRY) {
1142 usb_stor_dbg(us, "INQUIRY - Returning bogus response\n");
1143 memcpy(ptr, inquiry_response, sizeof(inquiry_response));
1144 fill_inquiry_response(us, ptr, 36);
1145 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
1148 if (srb->cmnd[0] == TEST_UNIT_READY) {
1149 usb_stor_dbg(us, "TEST_UNIT_READY\n");
1150 return alauda_check_media(us);
1153 if (srb->cmnd[0] == READ_CAPACITY) {
1154 unsigned int num_zones;
1155 unsigned long capacity;
1157 rc = alauda_check_media(us);
1158 if (rc != USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD)
1161 num_zones = MEDIA_INFO(us).capacity >> (MEDIA_INFO(us).zoneshift
1162 + MEDIA_INFO(us).blockshift + MEDIA_INFO(us).pageshift);
1164 capacity = num_zones * MEDIA_INFO(us).uzonesize
1165 * MEDIA_INFO(us).blocksize;
1167 /* Report capacity and page size */
1168 ((__be32 *) ptr)[0] = cpu_to_be32(capacity - 1);
1169 ((__be32 *) ptr)[1] = cpu_to_be32(512);
1171 usb_stor_set_xfer_buf(ptr, 8, srb);
1172 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
1175 if (srb->cmnd[0] == READ_10) {
1176 unsigned int page, pages;
1178 rc = alauda_check_media(us);
1179 if (rc != USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD)
1182 page = short_pack(srb->cmnd[3], srb->cmnd[2]);
1184 page |= short_pack(srb->cmnd[5], srb->cmnd[4]);
1185 pages = short_pack(srb->cmnd[8], srb->cmnd[7]);
1187 usb_stor_dbg(us, "READ_10: page %d pagect %d\n", page, pages);
1189 return alauda_read_data(us, page, pages);
1192 if (srb->cmnd[0] == WRITE_10) {
1193 unsigned int page, pages;
1195 rc = alauda_check_media(us);
1196 if (rc != USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD)
1199 page = short_pack(srb->cmnd[3], srb->cmnd[2]);
1201 page |= short_pack(srb->cmnd[5], srb->cmnd[4]);
1202 pages = short_pack(srb->cmnd[8], srb->cmnd[7]);
1204 usb_stor_dbg(us, "WRITE_10: page %d pagect %d\n", page, pages);
1206 return alauda_write_data(us, page, pages);
1209 if (srb->cmnd[0] == REQUEST_SENSE) {
1210 usb_stor_dbg(us, "REQUEST_SENSE\n");
1214 ptr[2] = info->sense_key;
1216 ptr[12] = info->sense_asc;
1217 ptr[13] = info->sense_ascq;
1218 usb_stor_set_xfer_buf(ptr, 18, srb);
1220 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
1223 if (srb->cmnd[0] == ALLOW_MEDIUM_REMOVAL) {
1224 /* sure. whatever. not like we can stop the user from popping
1225 the media out of the device (no locking doors, etc) */
1226 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_GOOD;
1229 usb_stor_dbg(us, "Gah! Unknown command: %d (0x%x)\n",
1230 srb->cmnd[0], srb->cmnd[0]);
1231 info->sense_key = 0x05;
1232 info->sense_asc = 0x20;
1233 info->sense_ascq = 0x00;
1234 return USB_STOR_TRANSPORT_FAILED;
1237 static int alauda_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,
1238 const struct usb_device_id *id)
1243 result = usb_stor_probe1(&us, intf, id,
1244 (id - alauda_usb_ids) + alauda_unusual_dev_list);
1248 us->transport_name = "Alauda Control/Bulk";
1249 us->transport = alauda_transport;
1250 us->transport_reset = usb_stor_Bulk_reset;
1253 result = usb_stor_probe2(us);
1257 static struct usb_driver alauda_driver = {
1258 .name = "ums-alauda",
1259 .probe = alauda_probe,
1260 .disconnect = usb_stor_disconnect,
1261 .suspend = usb_stor_suspend,
1262 .resume = usb_stor_resume,
1263 .reset_resume = usb_stor_reset_resume,
1264 .pre_reset = usb_stor_pre_reset,
1265 .post_reset = usb_stor_post_reset,
1266 .id_table = alauda_usb_ids,
1271 module_usb_driver(alauda_driver);