1 //== llvm/Support/APFloat.h - Arbitrary Precision Floating Point -*- C++ -*-==//
3 // The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
10 // This file declares a class to represent arbitrary precision floating
11 // point values and provide a variety of arithmetic operations on them.
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
15 /* A self-contained host- and target-independent arbitrary-precision
16 floating-point software implementation. It uses bignum integer
17 arithmetic as provided by static functions in the APInt class.
18 The library will work with bignum integers whose parts are any
19 unsigned type at least 16 bits wide, but 64 bits is recommended.
21 Written for clarity rather than speed, in particular with a view
22 to use in the front-end of a cross compiler so that target
23 arithmetic can be correctly performed on the host. Performance
24 should nonetheless be reasonable, particularly for its intended
25 use. It may be useful as a base implementation for a run-time
26 library during development of a faster target-specific one.
28 All 5 rounding modes in the IEEE-754R draft are handled correctly
29 for all implemented operations. Currently implemented operations
30 are add, subtract, multiply, divide, fused-multiply-add,
31 conversion-to-float, conversion-to-integer and
32 conversion-from-integer. New rounding modes (e.g. away from zero)
33 can be added with three or four lines of code.
35 Four formats are built-in: IEEE single precision, double
36 precision, quadruple precision, and x87 80-bit extended double
37 (when operating with full extended precision). Adding a new
38 format that obeys IEEE semantics only requires adding two lines of
39 code: a declaration and definition of the format.
41 All operations return the status of that operation as an exception
42 bit-mask, so multiple operations can be done consecutively with
43 their results or-ed together. The returned status can be useful
44 for compiler diagnostics; e.g., inexact, underflow and overflow
45 can be easily diagnosed on constant folding, and compiler
46 optimizers can determine what exceptions would be raised by
47 folding operations and optimize, or perhaps not optimize,
50 At present, underflow tininess is detected after rounding; it
51 should be straight forward to add support for the before-rounding
54 The library reads hexadecimal floating point numbers as per C99,
55 and correctly rounds if necessary according to the specified
56 rounding mode. Syntax is required to have been validated by the
57 caller. It also converts floating point numbers to hexadecimal
58 text as per the C99 %a and %A conversions. The output precision
59 (or alternatively the natural minimal precision) can be specified;
60 if the requested precision is less than the natural precision the
61 output is correctly rounded for the specified rounding mode.
63 It also reads decimal floating point numbers and correctly rounds
64 according to the specified rounding mode.
66 Conversion to decimal text is not currently implemented.
68 Non-zero finite numbers are represented internally as a sign bit,
69 a 16-bit signed exponent, and the significand as an array of
70 integer parts. After normalization of a number of precision P the
71 exponent is within the range of the format, and if the number is
72 not denormal the P-th bit of the significand is set as an explicit
73 integer bit. For denormals the most significant bit is shifted
74 right so that the exponent is maintained at the format's minimum,
75 so that the smallest denormal has just the least significant bit
76 of the significand set. The sign of zeroes and infinities is
77 significant; the exponent and significand of such numbers is not
78 stored, but has a known implicit (deterministic) value: 0 for the
79 significands, 0 for zero exponent, all 1 bits for infinity
80 exponent. For NaNs the sign and significand are deterministic,
81 although not really meaningful, and preserved in non-conversion
82 operations. The exponent is implicitly all 1 bits.
87 Some features that may or may not be worth adding:
89 Binary to decimal conversion (hard).
91 Optional ability to detect underflow tininess before rounding.
93 New formats: x87 in single and double precision mode (IEEE apart
94 from extended exponent range) (hard).
96 New operations: sqrt, IEEE remainder, C90 fmod, nextafter,
103 // APInt contains static functions implementing bignum arithmetic.
104 #include "llvm/ADT/APInt.h"
108 /* Exponents are stored as signed numbers. */
109 typedef signed short exponent_t;
113 /* When bits of a floating point number are truncated, this enum is
114 used to indicate what fraction of the LSB those bits represented.
115 It essentially combines the roles of guard and sticky bits. */
116 enum lostFraction { // Example of truncated bits:
117 lfExactlyZero, // 000000
118 lfLessThanHalf, // 0xxxxx x's not all zero
119 lfExactlyHalf, // 100000
120 lfMoreThanHalf // 1xxxxx x's not all zero
126 /* We support the following floating point semantics. */
127 static const fltSemantics IEEEsingle;
128 static const fltSemantics IEEEdouble;
129 static const fltSemantics IEEEquad;
130 static const fltSemantics PPCDoubleDouble;
131 static const fltSemantics x87DoubleExtended;
132 /* And this pseudo, used to construct APFloats that cannot
133 conflict with anything real. */
134 static const fltSemantics Bogus;
136 static unsigned int semanticsPrecision(const fltSemantics &);
138 /* Floating point numbers have a four-state comparison relation. */
146 /* IEEE-754R gives five rounding modes. */
155 // Operation status. opUnderflow or opOverflow are always returned
156 // or-ed with opInexact.
166 // Category of internally-represented number.
175 APFloat(const fltSemantics &, const char *);
176 APFloat(const fltSemantics &, integerPart);
177 APFloat(const fltSemantics &, fltCategory, bool negative, unsigned type=0);
178 explicit APFloat(double d);
179 explicit APFloat(float f);
180 explicit APFloat(const APInt &, bool isIEEE = false);
181 APFloat(const APFloat &);
184 // Convenience "constructors"
185 static APFloat getZero(const fltSemantics &Sem, bool Negative = false) {
186 return APFloat(Sem, fcZero, Negative);
188 static APFloat getInf(const fltSemantics &Sem, bool Negative = false) {
189 return APFloat(Sem, fcInfinity, Negative);
191 /// getNaN - Factory for QNaN values.
193 /// \param Negative - True iff the NaN generated should be negative.
194 /// \param type - The unspecified fill bits for creating the NaN, 0 by
195 /// default. The value is truncated as necessary.
196 static APFloat getNaN(const fltSemantics &Sem, bool Negative = false,
198 return APFloat(Sem, fcNaN, Negative, type);
201 /// Profile - Used to insert APFloat objects, or objects that contain
202 /// APFloat objects, into FoldingSets.
203 void Profile(FoldingSetNodeID& NID) const;
205 /// @brief Used by the Bitcode serializer to emit APInts to Bitcode.
206 void Emit(Serializer& S) const;
208 /// @brief Used by the Bitcode deserializer to deserialize APInts.
209 static APFloat ReadVal(Deserializer& D);
212 opStatus add(const APFloat &, roundingMode);
213 opStatus subtract(const APFloat &, roundingMode);
214 opStatus multiply(const APFloat &, roundingMode);
215 opStatus divide(const APFloat &, roundingMode);
216 /* IEEE remainder. */
217 opStatus remainder(const APFloat &);
218 /* C fmod, or llvm frem. */
219 opStatus mod(const APFloat &, roundingMode);
220 opStatus fusedMultiplyAdd(const APFloat &, const APFloat &, roundingMode);
222 /* Sign operations. */
225 void copySign(const APFloat &);
228 opStatus convert(const fltSemantics &, roundingMode, bool *);
229 opStatus convertToInteger(integerPart *, unsigned int, bool,
230 roundingMode, bool *) const;
231 opStatus convertFromAPInt(const APInt &,
233 opStatus convertFromSignExtendedInteger(const integerPart *, unsigned int,
235 opStatus convertFromZeroExtendedInteger(const integerPart *, unsigned int,
237 opStatus convertFromString(const char *, roundingMode);
238 APInt bitcastToAPInt() const;
239 double convertToDouble() const;
240 float convertToFloat() const;
242 /* The definition of equality is not straightforward for floating point,
243 so we won't use operator==. Use one of the following, or write
244 whatever it is you really mean. */
245 // bool operator==(const APFloat &) const; // DO NOT IMPLEMENT
247 /* IEEE comparison with another floating point number (NaNs
248 compare unordered, 0==-0). */
249 cmpResult compare(const APFloat &) const;
251 /* Bitwise comparison for equality (QNaNs compare equal, 0!=-0). */
252 bool bitwiseIsEqual(const APFloat &) const;
254 /* Write out a hexadecimal representation of the floating point
255 value to DST, which must be of sufficient size, in the C99 form
256 [-]0xh.hhhhp[+-]d. Return the number of characters written,
257 excluding the terminating NUL. */
258 unsigned int convertToHexString(char *dst, unsigned int hexDigits,
259 bool upperCase, roundingMode) const;
261 /* Simple queries. */
262 fltCategory getCategory() const { return category; }
263 const fltSemantics &getSemantics() const { return *semantics; }
264 bool isZero() const { return category == fcZero; }
265 bool isNonZero() const { return category != fcZero; }
266 bool isNaN() const { return category == fcNaN; }
267 bool isInfinity() const { return category == fcInfinity; }
268 bool isNegative() const { return sign; }
269 bool isPosZero() const { return isZero() && !isNegative(); }
270 bool isNegZero() const { return isZero() && isNegative(); }
272 APFloat& operator=(const APFloat &);
274 /* Return an arbitrary integer value usable for hashing. */
275 uint32_t getHashValue() const;
279 /* Trivial queries. */
280 integerPart *significandParts();
281 const integerPart *significandParts() const;
282 unsigned int partCount() const;
284 /* Significand operations. */
285 integerPart addSignificand(const APFloat &);
286 integerPart subtractSignificand(const APFloat &, integerPart);
287 lostFraction addOrSubtractSignificand(const APFloat &, bool subtract);
288 lostFraction multiplySignificand(const APFloat &, const APFloat *);
289 lostFraction divideSignificand(const APFloat &);
290 void incrementSignificand();
291 void initialize(const fltSemantics *);
292 void shiftSignificandLeft(unsigned int);
293 lostFraction shiftSignificandRight(unsigned int);
294 unsigned int significandLSB() const;
295 unsigned int significandMSB() const;
296 void zeroSignificand();
298 /* Arithmetic on special values. */
299 opStatus addOrSubtractSpecials(const APFloat &, bool subtract);
300 opStatus divideSpecials(const APFloat &);
301 opStatus multiplySpecials(const APFloat &);
302 opStatus modSpecials(const APFloat &);
305 void makeNaN(unsigned = 0);
306 opStatus normalize(roundingMode, lostFraction);
307 opStatus addOrSubtract(const APFloat &, roundingMode, bool subtract);
308 cmpResult compareAbsoluteValue(const APFloat &) const;
309 opStatus handleOverflow(roundingMode);
310 bool roundAwayFromZero(roundingMode, lostFraction, unsigned int) const;
311 opStatus convertToSignExtendedInteger(integerPart *, unsigned int, bool,
312 roundingMode, bool *) const;
313 opStatus convertFromUnsignedParts(const integerPart *, unsigned int,
315 opStatus convertFromHexadecimalString(const char *, roundingMode);
316 opStatus convertFromDecimalString (const char *, roundingMode);
317 char *convertNormalToHexString(char *, unsigned int, bool,
319 opStatus roundSignificandWithExponent(const integerPart *, unsigned int,
322 APInt convertFloatAPFloatToAPInt() const;
323 APInt convertDoubleAPFloatToAPInt() const;
324 APInt convertF80LongDoubleAPFloatToAPInt() const;
325 APInt convertPPCDoubleDoubleAPFloatToAPInt() const;
326 void initFromAPInt(const APInt& api, bool isIEEE = false);
327 void initFromFloatAPInt(const APInt& api);
328 void initFromDoubleAPInt(const APInt& api);
329 void initFromF80LongDoubleAPInt(const APInt& api);
330 void initFromPPCDoubleDoubleAPInt(const APInt& api);
332 void assign(const APFloat &);
333 void copySignificand(const APFloat &);
334 void freeSignificand();
336 /* What kind of semantics does this value obey? */
337 const fltSemantics *semantics;
339 /* Significand - the fraction with an explicit integer bit. Must be
340 at least one bit wider than the target precision. */
347 /* The exponent - a signed number. */
350 /* What kind of floating point number this is. */
351 /* Only 2 bits are required, but VisualStudio incorrectly sign extends
352 it. Using the extra bit keeps it from failing under VisualStudio */
353 fltCategory category: 3;
355 /* The sign bit of this number. */
356 unsigned int sign: 1;
358 /* For PPCDoubleDouble, we have a second exponent and sign (the second
359 significand is appended to the first one, although it would be wrong to
360 regard these as a single number for arithmetic purposes). These fields
361 are not meaningful for any other type. */
362 exponent_t exponent2 : 11;
363 unsigned int sign2: 1;
365 } /* namespace llvm */
367 #endif /* LLVM_FLOAT_H */