2 * linux/kernel/softirq.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1992 Linus Torvalds
6 * Distribute under GPLv2.
8 * Rewritten. Old one was good in 2.2, but in 2.3 it was immoral. --ANK (990903)
11 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
13 #include <linux/export.h>
14 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
15 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
16 #include <linux/init.h>
18 #include <linux/notifier.h>
19 #include <linux/percpu.h>
20 #include <linux/cpu.h>
21 #include <linux/freezer.h>
22 #include <linux/kthread.h>
23 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
24 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
25 #include <linux/smp.h>
26 #include <linux/smpboot.h>
27 #include <linux/tick.h>
28 #include <linux/irq.h>
30 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
31 #include <trace/events/irq.h>
34 - No shared variables, all the data are CPU local.
35 - If a softirq needs serialization, let it serialize itself
37 - Even if softirq is serialized, only local cpu is marked for
38 execution. Hence, we get something sort of weak cpu binding.
39 Though it is still not clear, will it result in better locality
43 - NET RX softirq. It is multithreaded and does not require
44 any global serialization.
45 - NET TX softirq. It kicks software netdevice queues, hence
46 it is logically serialized per device, but this serialization
47 is invisible to common code.
48 - Tasklets: serialized wrt itself.
51 #ifndef __ARCH_IRQ_STAT
52 irq_cpustat_t irq_stat[NR_CPUS] ____cacheline_aligned;
53 EXPORT_SYMBOL(irq_stat);
56 static struct softirq_action softirq_vec[NR_SOFTIRQS] __cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
58 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct task_struct *, ksoftirqd);
60 const char * const softirq_to_name[NR_SOFTIRQS] = {
61 "HI", "TIMER", "NET_TX", "NET_RX", "BLOCK", "BLOCK_IOPOLL",
62 "TASKLET", "SCHED", "HRTIMER", "RCU"
66 * we cannot loop indefinitely here to avoid userspace starvation,
67 * but we also don't want to introduce a worst case 1/HZ latency
68 * to the pending events, so lets the scheduler to balance
69 * the softirq load for us.
71 static void wakeup_softirqd(void)
73 /* Interrupts are disabled: no need to stop preemption */
74 struct task_struct *tsk = __this_cpu_read(ksoftirqd);
76 if (tsk && tsk->state != TASK_RUNNING)
81 * preempt_count and SOFTIRQ_OFFSET usage:
82 * - preempt_count is changed by SOFTIRQ_OFFSET on entering or leaving
84 * - preempt_count is changed by SOFTIRQ_DISABLE_OFFSET (= 2 * SOFTIRQ_OFFSET)
85 * on local_bh_disable or local_bh_enable.
86 * This lets us distinguish between whether we are currently processing
87 * softirq and whether we just have bh disabled.
91 * This one is for softirq.c-internal use,
92 * where hardirqs are disabled legitimately:
94 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
95 void __local_bh_disable_ip(unsigned long ip, unsigned int cnt)
99 WARN_ON_ONCE(in_irq());
101 raw_local_irq_save(flags);
103 * The preempt tracer hooks into preempt_count_add and will break
104 * lockdep because it calls back into lockdep after SOFTIRQ_OFFSET
105 * is set and before current->softirq_enabled is cleared.
106 * We must manually increment preempt_count here and manually
107 * call the trace_preempt_off later.
109 __preempt_count_add(cnt);
111 * Were softirqs turned off above:
113 if (softirq_count() == (cnt & SOFTIRQ_MASK))
114 trace_softirqs_off(ip);
115 raw_local_irq_restore(flags);
117 if (preempt_count() == cnt)
118 trace_preempt_off(CALLER_ADDR0, get_parent_ip(CALLER_ADDR1));
120 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__local_bh_disable_ip);
121 #endif /* CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS */
123 static void __local_bh_enable(unsigned int cnt)
125 WARN_ON_ONCE(!irqs_disabled());
127 if (softirq_count() == (cnt & SOFTIRQ_MASK))
128 trace_softirqs_on(_RET_IP_);
129 preempt_count_sub(cnt);
133 * Special-case - softirqs can safely be enabled in
134 * cond_resched_softirq(), or by __do_softirq(),
135 * without processing still-pending softirqs:
137 void _local_bh_enable(void)
139 WARN_ON_ONCE(in_irq());
140 __local_bh_enable(SOFTIRQ_DISABLE_OFFSET);
142 EXPORT_SYMBOL(_local_bh_enable);
144 void __local_bh_enable_ip(unsigned long ip, unsigned int cnt)
146 WARN_ON_ONCE(in_irq() || irqs_disabled());
147 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
151 * Are softirqs going to be turned on now:
153 if (softirq_count() == SOFTIRQ_DISABLE_OFFSET)
154 trace_softirqs_on(ip);
156 * Keep preemption disabled until we are done with
157 * softirq processing:
159 preempt_count_sub(cnt - 1);
161 if (unlikely(!in_interrupt() && local_softirq_pending())) {
163 * Run softirq if any pending. And do it in its own stack
164 * as we may be calling this deep in a task call stack already.
170 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
173 preempt_check_resched();
175 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__local_bh_enable_ip);
178 * We restart softirq processing for at most MAX_SOFTIRQ_RESTART times,
179 * but break the loop if need_resched() is set or after 2 ms.
180 * The MAX_SOFTIRQ_TIME provides a nice upper bound in most cases, but in
181 * certain cases, such as stop_machine(), jiffies may cease to
182 * increment and so we need the MAX_SOFTIRQ_RESTART limit as
183 * well to make sure we eventually return from this method.
185 * These limits have been established via experimentation.
186 * The two things to balance is latency against fairness -
187 * we want to handle softirqs as soon as possible, but they
188 * should not be able to lock up the box.
190 #define MAX_SOFTIRQ_TIME msecs_to_jiffies(2)
191 #define MAX_SOFTIRQ_RESTART 10
193 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
195 * When we run softirqs from irq_exit() and thus on the hardirq stack we need
196 * to keep the lockdep irq context tracking as tight as possible in order to
197 * not miss-qualify lock contexts and miss possible deadlocks.
200 static inline bool lockdep_softirq_start(void)
202 bool in_hardirq = false;
204 if (trace_hardirq_context(current)) {
206 trace_hardirq_exit();
209 lockdep_softirq_enter();
214 static inline void lockdep_softirq_end(bool in_hardirq)
216 lockdep_softirq_exit();
219 trace_hardirq_enter();
222 static inline bool lockdep_softirq_start(void) { return false; }
223 static inline void lockdep_softirq_end(bool in_hardirq) { }
226 asmlinkage __visible void __do_softirq(void)
228 unsigned long end = jiffies + MAX_SOFTIRQ_TIME;
229 unsigned long old_flags = current->flags;
230 int max_restart = MAX_SOFTIRQ_RESTART;
231 struct softirq_action *h;
237 * Mask out PF_MEMALLOC s current task context is borrowed for the
238 * softirq. A softirq handled such as network RX might set PF_MEMALLOC
239 * again if the socket is related to swap
241 current->flags &= ~PF_MEMALLOC;
243 pending = local_softirq_pending();
244 account_irq_enter_time(current);
246 __local_bh_disable_ip(_RET_IP_, SOFTIRQ_OFFSET);
247 in_hardirq = lockdep_softirq_start();
250 /* Reset the pending bitmask before enabling irqs */
251 set_softirq_pending(0);
257 while ((softirq_bit = ffs(pending))) {
261 h += softirq_bit - 1;
263 vec_nr = h - softirq_vec;
264 prev_count = preempt_count();
266 kstat_incr_softirqs_this_cpu(vec_nr);
268 trace_softirq_entry(vec_nr);
270 trace_softirq_exit(vec_nr);
271 if (unlikely(prev_count != preempt_count())) {
272 pr_err("huh, entered softirq %u %s %p with preempt_count %08x, exited with %08x?\n",
273 vec_nr, softirq_to_name[vec_nr], h->action,
274 prev_count, preempt_count());
275 preempt_count_set(prev_count);
278 pending >>= softirq_bit;
281 rcu_bh_qs(smp_processor_id());
284 pending = local_softirq_pending();
286 if (time_before(jiffies, end) && !need_resched() &&
293 lockdep_softirq_end(in_hardirq);
294 account_irq_exit_time(current);
295 __local_bh_enable(SOFTIRQ_OFFSET);
296 WARN_ON_ONCE(in_interrupt());
297 tsk_restore_flags(current, old_flags, PF_MEMALLOC);
300 asmlinkage __visible void do_softirq(void)
308 local_irq_save(flags);
310 pending = local_softirq_pending();
313 do_softirq_own_stack();
315 local_irq_restore(flags);
319 * Enter an interrupt context.
324 if (is_idle_task(current) && !in_interrupt()) {
326 * Prevent raise_softirq from needlessly waking up ksoftirqd
327 * here, as softirq will be serviced on return from interrupt.
337 static inline void invoke_softirq(void)
339 if (!force_irqthreads) {
340 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_IRQ_EXIT_ON_IRQ_STACK
342 * We can safely execute softirq on the current stack if
343 * it is the irq stack, because it should be near empty
349 * Otherwise, irq_exit() is called on the task stack that can
350 * be potentially deep already. So call softirq in its own stack
351 * to prevent from any overrun.
353 do_softirq_own_stack();
360 static inline void tick_irq_exit(void)
362 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON
363 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
365 /* Make sure that timer wheel updates are propagated */
366 if ((idle_cpu(cpu) && !need_resched()) || tick_nohz_full_cpu(cpu)) {
368 tick_nohz_irq_exit();
374 * Exit an interrupt context. Process softirqs if needed and possible:
378 #ifndef __ARCH_IRQ_EXIT_IRQS_DISABLED
381 WARN_ON_ONCE(!irqs_disabled());
384 account_irq_exit_time(current);
385 preempt_count_sub(HARDIRQ_OFFSET);
386 if (!in_interrupt() && local_softirq_pending())
391 trace_hardirq_exit(); /* must be last! */
395 * This function must run with irqs disabled!
397 inline void raise_softirq_irqoff(unsigned int nr)
399 __raise_softirq_irqoff(nr);
402 * If we're in an interrupt or softirq, we're done
403 * (this also catches softirq-disabled code). We will
404 * actually run the softirq once we return from
405 * the irq or softirq.
407 * Otherwise we wake up ksoftirqd to make sure we
408 * schedule the softirq soon.
414 void raise_softirq(unsigned int nr)
418 local_irq_save(flags);
419 raise_softirq_irqoff(nr);
420 local_irq_restore(flags);
423 void __raise_softirq_irqoff(unsigned int nr)
425 trace_softirq_raise(nr);
426 or_softirq_pending(1UL << nr);
429 void open_softirq(int nr, void (*action)(struct softirq_action *))
431 softirq_vec[nr].action = action;
437 struct tasklet_head {
438 struct tasklet_struct *head;
439 struct tasklet_struct **tail;
442 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct tasklet_head, tasklet_vec);
443 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct tasklet_head, tasklet_hi_vec);
445 void __tasklet_schedule(struct tasklet_struct *t)
449 local_irq_save(flags);
451 *__this_cpu_read(tasklet_vec.tail) = t;
452 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_vec.tail, &(t->next));
453 raise_softirq_irqoff(TASKLET_SOFTIRQ);
454 local_irq_restore(flags);
456 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__tasklet_schedule);
458 void __tasklet_hi_schedule(struct tasklet_struct *t)
462 local_irq_save(flags);
464 *__this_cpu_read(tasklet_hi_vec.tail) = t;
465 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_hi_vec.tail, &(t->next));
466 raise_softirq_irqoff(HI_SOFTIRQ);
467 local_irq_restore(flags);
469 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__tasklet_hi_schedule);
471 void __tasklet_hi_schedule_first(struct tasklet_struct *t)
473 BUG_ON(!irqs_disabled());
475 t->next = __this_cpu_read(tasklet_hi_vec.head);
476 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_hi_vec.head, t);
477 __raise_softirq_irqoff(HI_SOFTIRQ);
479 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__tasklet_hi_schedule_first);
481 static void tasklet_action(struct softirq_action *a)
483 struct tasklet_struct *list;
486 list = __this_cpu_read(tasklet_vec.head);
487 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_vec.head, NULL);
488 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_vec.tail, &__get_cpu_var(tasklet_vec).head);
492 struct tasklet_struct *t = list;
496 if (tasklet_trylock(t)) {
497 if (!atomic_read(&t->count)) {
498 if (!test_and_clear_bit(TASKLET_STATE_SCHED,
510 *__this_cpu_read(tasklet_vec.tail) = t;
511 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_vec.tail, &(t->next));
512 __raise_softirq_irqoff(TASKLET_SOFTIRQ);
517 static void tasklet_hi_action(struct softirq_action *a)
519 struct tasklet_struct *list;
522 list = __this_cpu_read(tasklet_hi_vec.head);
523 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_hi_vec.head, NULL);
524 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_hi_vec.tail, &__get_cpu_var(tasklet_hi_vec).head);
528 struct tasklet_struct *t = list;
532 if (tasklet_trylock(t)) {
533 if (!atomic_read(&t->count)) {
534 if (!test_and_clear_bit(TASKLET_STATE_SCHED,
546 *__this_cpu_read(tasklet_hi_vec.tail) = t;
547 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_hi_vec.tail, &(t->next));
548 __raise_softirq_irqoff(HI_SOFTIRQ);
553 void tasklet_init(struct tasklet_struct *t,
554 void (*func)(unsigned long), unsigned long data)
558 atomic_set(&t->count, 0);
562 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tasklet_init);
564 void tasklet_kill(struct tasklet_struct *t)
567 pr_notice("Attempt to kill tasklet from interrupt\n");
569 while (test_and_set_bit(TASKLET_STATE_SCHED, &t->state)) {
572 } while (test_bit(TASKLET_STATE_SCHED, &t->state));
574 tasklet_unlock_wait(t);
575 clear_bit(TASKLET_STATE_SCHED, &t->state);
577 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tasklet_kill);
584 * The trampoline is called when the hrtimer expires. It schedules a tasklet
585 * to run __tasklet_hrtimer_trampoline() which in turn will call the intended
586 * hrtimer callback, but from softirq context.
588 static enum hrtimer_restart __hrtimer_tasklet_trampoline(struct hrtimer *timer)
590 struct tasklet_hrtimer *ttimer =
591 container_of(timer, struct tasklet_hrtimer, timer);
593 tasklet_hi_schedule(&ttimer->tasklet);
594 return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
598 * Helper function which calls the hrtimer callback from
599 * tasklet/softirq context
601 static void __tasklet_hrtimer_trampoline(unsigned long data)
603 struct tasklet_hrtimer *ttimer = (void *)data;
604 enum hrtimer_restart restart;
606 restart = ttimer->function(&ttimer->timer);
607 if (restart != HRTIMER_NORESTART)
608 hrtimer_restart(&ttimer->timer);
612 * tasklet_hrtimer_init - Init a tasklet/hrtimer combo for softirq callbacks
613 * @ttimer: tasklet_hrtimer which is initialized
614 * @function: hrtimer callback function which gets called from softirq context
615 * @which_clock: clock id (CLOCK_MONOTONIC/CLOCK_REALTIME)
616 * @mode: hrtimer mode (HRTIMER_MODE_ABS/HRTIMER_MODE_REL)
618 void tasklet_hrtimer_init(struct tasklet_hrtimer *ttimer,
619 enum hrtimer_restart (*function)(struct hrtimer *),
620 clockid_t which_clock, enum hrtimer_mode mode)
622 hrtimer_init(&ttimer->timer, which_clock, mode);
623 ttimer->timer.function = __hrtimer_tasklet_trampoline;
624 tasklet_init(&ttimer->tasklet, __tasklet_hrtimer_trampoline,
625 (unsigned long)ttimer);
626 ttimer->function = function;
628 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tasklet_hrtimer_init);
630 void __init softirq_init(void)
634 for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
635 per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).tail =
636 &per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).head;
637 per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).tail =
638 &per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).head;
641 open_softirq(TASKLET_SOFTIRQ, tasklet_action);
642 open_softirq(HI_SOFTIRQ, tasklet_hi_action);
645 static int ksoftirqd_should_run(unsigned int cpu)
647 return local_softirq_pending();
650 static void run_ksoftirqd(unsigned int cpu)
653 if (local_softirq_pending()) {
655 * We can safely run softirq on inline stack, as we are not deep
656 * in the task stack here.
659 rcu_note_context_switch(cpu);
667 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
669 * tasklet_kill_immediate is called to remove a tasklet which can already be
670 * scheduled for execution on @cpu.
672 * Unlike tasklet_kill, this function removes the tasklet
673 * _immediately_, even if the tasklet is in TASKLET_STATE_SCHED state.
675 * When this function is called, @cpu must be in the CPU_DEAD state.
677 void tasklet_kill_immediate(struct tasklet_struct *t, unsigned int cpu)
679 struct tasklet_struct **i;
681 BUG_ON(cpu_online(cpu));
682 BUG_ON(test_bit(TASKLET_STATE_RUN, &t->state));
684 if (!test_bit(TASKLET_STATE_SCHED, &t->state))
687 /* CPU is dead, so no lock needed. */
688 for (i = &per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).head; *i; i = &(*i)->next) {
691 /* If this was the tail element, move the tail ptr */
693 per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).tail = i;
700 static void takeover_tasklets(unsigned int cpu)
702 /* CPU is dead, so no lock needed. */
705 /* Find end, append list for that CPU. */
706 if (&per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).head != per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).tail) {
707 *__this_cpu_read(tasklet_vec.tail) = per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).head;
708 this_cpu_write(tasklet_vec.tail, per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).tail);
709 per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).head = NULL;
710 per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).tail = &per_cpu(tasklet_vec, cpu).head;
712 raise_softirq_irqoff(TASKLET_SOFTIRQ);
714 if (&per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).head != per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).tail) {
715 *__this_cpu_read(tasklet_hi_vec.tail) = per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).head;
716 __this_cpu_write(tasklet_hi_vec.tail, per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).tail);
717 per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).head = NULL;
718 per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).tail = &per_cpu(tasklet_hi_vec, cpu).head;
720 raise_softirq_irqoff(HI_SOFTIRQ);
724 #endif /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
726 static int cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb, unsigned long action,
730 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
732 case CPU_DEAD_FROZEN:
733 takeover_tasklets((unsigned long)hcpu);
735 #endif /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
740 static struct notifier_block cpu_nfb = {
741 .notifier_call = cpu_callback
744 static struct smp_hotplug_thread softirq_threads = {
746 .thread_should_run = ksoftirqd_should_run,
747 .thread_fn = run_ksoftirqd,
748 .thread_comm = "ksoftirqd/%u",
751 static __init int spawn_ksoftirqd(void)
753 register_cpu_notifier(&cpu_nfb);
755 BUG_ON(smpboot_register_percpu_thread(&softirq_threads));
759 early_initcall(spawn_ksoftirqd);
762 * [ These __weak aliases are kept in a separate compilation unit, so that
763 * GCC does not inline them incorrectly. ]
766 int __init __weak early_irq_init(void)
771 int __init __weak arch_probe_nr_irqs(void)
773 return NR_IRQS_LEGACY;
776 int __init __weak arch_early_irq_init(void)
781 unsigned int __weak arch_dynirq_lower_bound(unsigned int from)