1 //===- LocalStackSlotAllocation.cpp - Pre-allocate locals to stack slots --===//
3 // The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
10 // This pass assigns local frame indices to stack slots relative to one another
11 // and allocates additional base registers to access them when the target
12 // estimates they are likely to be out of range of stack pointer and frame
13 // pointer relative addressing.
15 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
17 #include "llvm/CodeGen/Passes.h"
18 #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
19 #include "llvm/ADT/SetVector.h"
20 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallSet.h"
21 #include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
22 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFrameInfo.h"
23 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFunction.h"
24 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFunctionPass.h"
25 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineRegisterInfo.h"
26 #include "llvm/CodeGen/StackProtector.h"
27 #include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
28 #include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h"
29 #include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
30 #include "llvm/IR/Intrinsics.h"
31 #include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
32 #include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
33 #include "llvm/Pass.h"
34 #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
35 #include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
36 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
37 #include "llvm/Target/TargetFrameLowering.h"
38 #include "llvm/Target/TargetRegisterInfo.h"
39 #include "llvm/Target/TargetSubtargetInfo.h"
43 #define DEBUG_TYPE "localstackalloc"
45 STATISTIC(NumAllocations, "Number of frame indices allocated into local block");
46 STATISTIC(NumBaseRegisters, "Number of virtual frame base registers allocated");
47 STATISTIC(NumReplacements, "Number of frame indices references replaced");
51 MachineBasicBlock::iterator MI; // Instr referencing the frame
52 int64_t LocalOffset; // Local offset of the frame idx referenced
53 int FrameIdx; // The frame index
55 FrameRef(MachineBasicBlock::iterator I, int64_t Offset, int Idx) :
56 MI(I), LocalOffset(Offset), FrameIdx(Idx) {}
57 bool operator<(const FrameRef &RHS) const {
58 return LocalOffset < RHS.LocalOffset;
60 MachineBasicBlock::iterator getMachineInstr() const { return MI; }
61 int64_t getLocalOffset() const { return LocalOffset; }
62 int getFrameIndex() const { return FrameIdx; }
65 class LocalStackSlotPass: public MachineFunctionPass {
66 SmallVector<int64_t,16> LocalOffsets;
67 /// StackObjSet - A set of stack object indexes
68 typedef SmallSetVector<int, 8> StackObjSet;
70 void AdjustStackOffset(MachineFrameInfo *MFI, int FrameIdx, int64_t &Offset,
71 bool StackGrowsDown, unsigned &MaxAlign);
72 void AssignProtectedObjSet(const StackObjSet &UnassignedObjs,
73 SmallSet<int, 16> &ProtectedObjs,
74 MachineFrameInfo *MFI, bool StackGrowsDown,
75 int64_t &Offset, unsigned &MaxAlign);
76 void calculateFrameObjectOffsets(MachineFunction &Fn);
77 bool insertFrameReferenceRegisters(MachineFunction &Fn);
79 static char ID; // Pass identification, replacement for typeid
80 explicit LocalStackSlotPass() : MachineFunctionPass(ID) {
81 initializeLocalStackSlotPassPass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
83 bool runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction &MF) override;
85 void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const override {
87 AU.addRequired<StackProtector>();
88 MachineFunctionPass::getAnalysisUsage(AU);
93 } // end anonymous namespace
95 char LocalStackSlotPass::ID = 0;
96 char &llvm::LocalStackSlotAllocationID = LocalStackSlotPass::ID;
97 INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(LocalStackSlotPass, "localstackalloc",
98 "Local Stack Slot Allocation", false, false)
99 INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(StackProtector)
100 INITIALIZE_PASS_END(LocalStackSlotPass, "localstackalloc",
101 "Local Stack Slot Allocation", false, false)
104 bool LocalStackSlotPass::runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction &MF) {
105 MachineFrameInfo *MFI = MF.getFrameInfo();
106 const TargetRegisterInfo *TRI = MF.getSubtarget().getRegisterInfo();
107 unsigned LocalObjectCount = MFI->getObjectIndexEnd();
109 // If the target doesn't want/need this pass, or if there are no locals
110 // to consider, early exit.
111 if (!TRI->requiresVirtualBaseRegisters(MF) || LocalObjectCount == 0)
114 // Make sure we have enough space to store the local offsets.
115 LocalOffsets.resize(MFI->getObjectIndexEnd());
117 // Lay out the local blob.
118 calculateFrameObjectOffsets(MF);
120 // Insert virtual base registers to resolve frame index references.
121 bool UsedBaseRegs = insertFrameReferenceRegisters(MF);
123 // Tell MFI whether any base registers were allocated. PEI will only
124 // want to use the local block allocations from this pass if there were any.
125 // Otherwise, PEI can do a bit better job of getting the alignment right
126 // without a hole at the start since it knows the alignment of the stack
127 // at the start of local allocation, and this pass doesn't.
128 MFI->setUseLocalStackAllocationBlock(UsedBaseRegs);
133 /// AdjustStackOffset - Helper function used to adjust the stack frame offset.
134 void LocalStackSlotPass::AdjustStackOffset(MachineFrameInfo *MFI,
135 int FrameIdx, int64_t &Offset,
137 unsigned &MaxAlign) {
138 // If the stack grows down, add the object size to find the lowest address.
140 Offset += MFI->getObjectSize(FrameIdx);
142 unsigned Align = MFI->getObjectAlignment(FrameIdx);
144 // If the alignment of this object is greater than that of the stack, then
145 // increase the stack alignment to match.
146 MaxAlign = std::max(MaxAlign, Align);
148 // Adjust to alignment boundary.
149 Offset = (Offset + Align - 1) / Align * Align;
151 int64_t LocalOffset = StackGrowsDown ? -Offset : Offset;
152 DEBUG(dbgs() << "Allocate FI(" << FrameIdx << ") to local offset "
153 << LocalOffset << "\n");
154 // Keep the offset available for base register allocation
155 LocalOffsets[FrameIdx] = LocalOffset;
156 // And tell MFI about it for PEI to use later
157 MFI->mapLocalFrameObject(FrameIdx, LocalOffset);
160 Offset += MFI->getObjectSize(FrameIdx);
165 /// AssignProtectedObjSet - Helper function to assign large stack objects (i.e.,
166 /// those required to be close to the Stack Protector) to stack offsets.
167 void LocalStackSlotPass::AssignProtectedObjSet(const StackObjSet &UnassignedObjs,
168 SmallSet<int, 16> &ProtectedObjs,
169 MachineFrameInfo *MFI,
170 bool StackGrowsDown, int64_t &Offset,
171 unsigned &MaxAlign) {
173 for (StackObjSet::const_iterator I = UnassignedObjs.begin(),
174 E = UnassignedObjs.end(); I != E; ++I) {
176 AdjustStackOffset(MFI, i, Offset, StackGrowsDown, MaxAlign);
177 ProtectedObjs.insert(i);
181 /// calculateFrameObjectOffsets - Calculate actual frame offsets for all of the
182 /// abstract stack objects.
184 void LocalStackSlotPass::calculateFrameObjectOffsets(MachineFunction &Fn) {
185 // Loop over all of the stack objects, assigning sequential addresses...
186 MachineFrameInfo *MFI = Fn.getFrameInfo();
187 const TargetFrameLowering &TFI = *Fn.getSubtarget().getFrameLowering();
188 bool StackGrowsDown =
189 TFI.getStackGrowthDirection() == TargetFrameLowering::StackGrowsDown;
191 unsigned MaxAlign = 0;
192 StackProtector *SP = &getAnalysis<StackProtector>();
194 // Make sure that the stack protector comes before the local variables on the
196 SmallSet<int, 16> ProtectedObjs;
197 if (MFI->getStackProtectorIndex() >= 0) {
198 StackObjSet LargeArrayObjs;
199 StackObjSet SmallArrayObjs;
200 StackObjSet AddrOfObjs;
202 AdjustStackOffset(MFI, MFI->getStackProtectorIndex(), Offset,
203 StackGrowsDown, MaxAlign);
205 // Assign large stack objects first.
206 for (unsigned i = 0, e = MFI->getObjectIndexEnd(); i != e; ++i) {
207 if (MFI->isDeadObjectIndex(i))
209 if (MFI->getStackProtectorIndex() == (int)i)
212 switch (SP->getSSPLayout(MFI->getObjectAllocation(i))) {
213 case StackProtector::SSPLK_None:
215 case StackProtector::SSPLK_SmallArray:
216 SmallArrayObjs.insert(i);
218 case StackProtector::SSPLK_AddrOf:
219 AddrOfObjs.insert(i);
221 case StackProtector::SSPLK_LargeArray:
222 LargeArrayObjs.insert(i);
225 llvm_unreachable("Unexpected SSPLayoutKind.");
228 AssignProtectedObjSet(LargeArrayObjs, ProtectedObjs, MFI, StackGrowsDown,
230 AssignProtectedObjSet(SmallArrayObjs, ProtectedObjs, MFI, StackGrowsDown,
232 AssignProtectedObjSet(AddrOfObjs, ProtectedObjs, MFI, StackGrowsDown,
236 // Then assign frame offsets to stack objects that are not used to spill
237 // callee saved registers.
238 for (unsigned i = 0, e = MFI->getObjectIndexEnd(); i != e; ++i) {
239 if (MFI->isDeadObjectIndex(i))
241 if (MFI->getStackProtectorIndex() == (int)i)
243 if (ProtectedObjs.count(i))
246 AdjustStackOffset(MFI, i, Offset, StackGrowsDown, MaxAlign);
249 // Remember how big this blob of stack space is
250 MFI->setLocalFrameSize(Offset);
251 MFI->setLocalFrameMaxAlign(MaxAlign);
255 lookupCandidateBaseReg(unsigned BaseReg,
257 int64_t FrameSizeAdjust,
258 int64_t LocalFrameOffset,
259 const MachineInstr *MI,
260 const TargetRegisterInfo *TRI) {
261 // Check if the relative offset from the where the base register references
262 // to the target address is in range for the instruction.
263 int64_t Offset = FrameSizeAdjust + LocalFrameOffset - BaseOffset;
264 return TRI->isFrameOffsetLegal(MI, BaseReg, Offset);
267 bool LocalStackSlotPass::insertFrameReferenceRegisters(MachineFunction &Fn) {
268 // Scan the function's instructions looking for frame index references.
269 // For each, ask the target if it wants a virtual base register for it
270 // based on what we can tell it about where the local will end up in the
271 // stack frame. If it wants one, re-use a suitable one we've previously
272 // allocated, or if there isn't one that fits the bill, allocate a new one
273 // and ask the target to create a defining instruction for it.
274 bool UsedBaseReg = false;
276 MachineFrameInfo *MFI = Fn.getFrameInfo();
277 const TargetRegisterInfo *TRI = Fn.getSubtarget().getRegisterInfo();
278 const TargetFrameLowering &TFI = *Fn.getSubtarget().getFrameLowering();
279 bool StackGrowsDown =
280 TFI.getStackGrowthDirection() == TargetFrameLowering::StackGrowsDown;
282 // Collect all of the instructions in the block that reference
283 // a frame index. Also store the frame index referenced to ease later
284 // lookup. (For any insn that has more than one FI reference, we arbitrarily
285 // choose the first one).
286 SmallVector<FrameRef, 64> FrameReferenceInsns;
288 for (MachineFunction::iterator BB = Fn.begin(), E = Fn.end(); BB != E; ++BB) {
289 for (MachineBasicBlock::iterator I = BB->begin(); I != BB->end(); ++I) {
290 MachineInstr *MI = I;
292 // Debug value, stackmap and patchpoint instructions can't be out of
293 // range, so they don't need any updates.
294 if (MI->isDebugValue() ||
295 MI->getOpcode() == TargetOpcode::STATEPOINT ||
296 MI->getOpcode() == TargetOpcode::STACKMAP ||
297 MI->getOpcode() == TargetOpcode::PATCHPOINT)
300 // For now, allocate the base register(s) within the basic block
301 // where they're used, and don't try to keep them around outside
302 // of that. It may be beneficial to try sharing them more broadly
303 // than that, but the increased register pressure makes that a
304 // tricky thing to balance. Investigate if re-materializing these
306 for (unsigned i = 0, e = MI->getNumOperands(); i != e; ++i) {
307 // Consider replacing all frame index operands that reference
308 // an object allocated in the local block.
309 if (MI->getOperand(i).isFI()) {
310 // Don't try this with values not in the local block.
311 if (!MFI->isObjectPreAllocated(MI->getOperand(i).getIndex()))
313 int Idx = MI->getOperand(i).getIndex();
314 int64_t LocalOffset = LocalOffsets[Idx];
315 if (!TRI->needsFrameBaseReg(MI, LocalOffset))
318 push_back(FrameRef(MI, LocalOffset, Idx));
325 // Sort the frame references by local offset
326 array_pod_sort(FrameReferenceInsns.begin(), FrameReferenceInsns.end());
328 MachineBasicBlock *Entry = Fn.begin();
330 unsigned BaseReg = 0;
331 int64_t BaseOffset = 0;
333 // Loop through the frame references and allocate for them as necessary.
334 for (int ref = 0, e = FrameReferenceInsns.size(); ref < e ; ++ref) {
335 FrameRef &FR = FrameReferenceInsns[ref];
336 MachineBasicBlock::iterator I = FR.getMachineInstr();
337 MachineInstr *MI = I;
338 int64_t LocalOffset = FR.getLocalOffset();
339 int FrameIdx = FR.getFrameIndex();
340 assert(MFI->isObjectPreAllocated(FrameIdx) &&
341 "Only pre-allocated locals expected!");
343 DEBUG(dbgs() << "Considering: " << *MI);
346 for (unsigned f = MI->getNumOperands(); idx != f; ++idx) {
347 if (!MI->getOperand(idx).isFI())
350 if (FrameIdx == I->getOperand(idx).getIndex())
354 assert(idx < MI->getNumOperands() && "Cannot find FI operand");
357 int64_t FrameSizeAdjust = StackGrowsDown ? MFI->getLocalFrameSize() : 0;
359 DEBUG(dbgs() << " Replacing FI in: " << *MI);
361 // If we have a suitable base register available, use it; otherwise
362 // create a new one. Note that any offset encoded in the
363 // instruction itself will be taken into account by the target,
364 // so we don't have to adjust for it here when reusing a base
366 if (UsedBaseReg && lookupCandidateBaseReg(BaseReg, BaseOffset,
367 FrameSizeAdjust, LocalOffset, MI,
369 DEBUG(dbgs() << " Reusing base register " << BaseReg << "\n");
370 // We found a register to reuse.
371 Offset = FrameSizeAdjust + LocalOffset - BaseOffset;
373 // No previously defined register was in range, so create a // new one.
375 int64_t InstrOffset = TRI->getFrameIndexInstrOffset(MI, idx);
377 int64_t PrevBaseOffset = BaseOffset;
378 BaseOffset = FrameSizeAdjust + LocalOffset + InstrOffset;
380 // We'd like to avoid creating single-use virtual base registers.
381 // Because the FrameRefs are in sorted order, and we've already
382 // processed all FrameRefs before this one, just check whether or not
383 // the next FrameRef will be able to reuse this new register. If not,
384 // then don't bother creating it.
386 !lookupCandidateBaseReg(
387 BaseReg, BaseOffset, FrameSizeAdjust,
388 FrameReferenceInsns[ref + 1].getLocalOffset(),
389 FrameReferenceInsns[ref + 1].getMachineInstr(), TRI)) {
390 BaseOffset = PrevBaseOffset;
394 const MachineFunction *MF = MI->getParent()->getParent();
395 const TargetRegisterClass *RC = TRI->getPointerRegClass(*MF);
396 BaseReg = Fn.getRegInfo().createVirtualRegister(RC);
398 DEBUG(dbgs() << " Materializing base register " << BaseReg <<
399 " at frame local offset " << LocalOffset + InstrOffset << "\n");
401 // Tell the target to insert the instruction to initialize
402 // the base register.
403 // MachineBasicBlock::iterator InsertionPt = Entry->begin();
404 TRI->materializeFrameBaseRegister(Entry, BaseReg, FrameIdx,
407 // The base register already includes any offset specified
408 // by the instruction, so account for that so it doesn't get
410 Offset = -InstrOffset;
415 assert(BaseReg != 0 && "Unable to allocate virtual base register!");
417 // Modify the instruction to use the new base register rather
418 // than the frame index operand.
419 TRI->resolveFrameIndex(*I, BaseReg, Offset);
420 DEBUG(dbgs() << "Resolved: " << *MI);