1 //===- lib/MC/MCAssembler.cpp - Assembler Backend Implementation ----------===//
3 // The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
10 #include "llvm/MC/MCAssembler.h"
11 #include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
12 #include "llvm/ADT/StringExtras.h"
13 #include "llvm/ADT/Twine.h"
14 #include "llvm/MC/MCAsmBackend.h"
15 #include "llvm/MC/MCAsmInfo.h"
16 #include "llvm/MC/MCAsmLayout.h"
17 #include "llvm/MC/MCCodeEmitter.h"
18 #include "llvm/MC/MCContext.h"
19 #include "llvm/MC/MCDwarf.h"
20 #include "llvm/MC/MCExpr.h"
21 #include "llvm/MC/MCFixupKindInfo.h"
22 #include "llvm/MC/MCObjectWriter.h"
23 #include "llvm/MC/MCSection.h"
24 #include "llvm/MC/MCSectionELF.h"
25 #include "llvm/MC/MCSymbol.h"
26 #include "llvm/MC/MCValue.h"
27 #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
28 #include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
29 #include "llvm/Support/LEB128.h"
30 #include "llvm/Support/TargetRegistry.h"
31 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
35 #define DEBUG_TYPE "assembler"
39 STATISTIC(EmittedFragments, "Number of emitted assembler fragments - total");
40 STATISTIC(EmittedRelaxableFragments,
41 "Number of emitted assembler fragments - relaxable");
42 STATISTIC(EmittedDataFragments,
43 "Number of emitted assembler fragments - data");
44 STATISTIC(EmittedCompactEncodedInstFragments,
45 "Number of emitted assembler fragments - compact encoded inst");
46 STATISTIC(EmittedAlignFragments,
47 "Number of emitted assembler fragments - align");
48 STATISTIC(EmittedFillFragments,
49 "Number of emitted assembler fragments - fill");
50 STATISTIC(EmittedOrgFragments,
51 "Number of emitted assembler fragments - org");
52 STATISTIC(evaluateFixup, "Number of evaluated fixups");
53 STATISTIC(FragmentLayouts, "Number of fragment layouts");
54 STATISTIC(ObjectBytes, "Number of emitted object file bytes");
55 STATISTIC(RelaxationSteps, "Number of assembler layout and relaxation steps");
56 STATISTIC(RelaxedInstructions, "Number of relaxed instructions");
60 // FIXME FIXME FIXME: There are number of places in this file where we convert
61 // what is a 64-bit assembler value used for computation into a value in the
62 // object file, which may truncate it. We should detect that truncation where
63 // invalid and report errors back.
67 MCAsmLayout::MCAsmLayout(MCAssembler &Asm)
68 : Assembler(Asm), LastValidFragment()
70 // Compute the section layout order. Virtual sections must go last.
71 for (MCAssembler::iterator it = Asm.begin(), ie = Asm.end(); it != ie; ++it)
72 if (!it->getSection().isVirtualSection())
73 SectionOrder.push_back(&*it);
74 for (MCAssembler::iterator it = Asm.begin(), ie = Asm.end(); it != ie; ++it)
75 if (it->getSection().isVirtualSection())
76 SectionOrder.push_back(&*it);
79 bool MCAsmLayout::isFragmentValid(const MCFragment *F) const {
80 const MCSectionData &SD = *F->getParent();
81 const MCFragment *LastValid = LastValidFragment.lookup(&SD);
84 assert(LastValid->getParent() == F->getParent());
85 return F->getLayoutOrder() <= LastValid->getLayoutOrder();
88 void MCAsmLayout::invalidateFragmentsFrom(MCFragment *F) {
89 // If this fragment wasn't already valid, we don't need to do anything.
90 if (!isFragmentValid(F))
93 // Otherwise, reset the last valid fragment to the previous fragment
94 // (if this is the first fragment, it will be NULL).
95 const MCSectionData &SD = *F->getParent();
96 LastValidFragment[&SD] = F->getPrevNode();
99 void MCAsmLayout::ensureValid(const MCFragment *F) const {
100 MCSectionData &SD = *F->getParent();
102 MCFragment *Cur = LastValidFragment[&SD];
106 Cur = Cur->getNextNode();
108 // Advance the layout position until the fragment is valid.
109 while (!isFragmentValid(F)) {
110 assert(Cur && "Layout bookkeeping error");
111 const_cast<MCAsmLayout*>(this)->layoutFragment(Cur);
112 Cur = Cur->getNextNode();
116 uint64_t MCAsmLayout::getFragmentOffset(const MCFragment *F) const {
118 assert(F->Offset != ~UINT64_C(0) && "Address not set!");
122 // Simple getSymbolOffset helper for the non-varibale case.
123 static bool getLabelOffset(const MCAsmLayout &Layout, const MCSymbol &S,
124 bool ReportError, uint64_t &Val) {
125 const MCSymbolData &SD = S.getData();
126 if (!SD.getFragment()) {
128 report_fatal_error("unable to evaluate offset to undefined symbol '" +
132 Val = Layout.getFragmentOffset(SD.getFragment()) + SD.getOffset();
136 static bool getSymbolOffsetImpl(const MCAsmLayout &Layout, const MCSymbol &S,
137 bool ReportError, uint64_t &Val) {
139 return getLabelOffset(Layout, S, ReportError, Val);
141 // If SD is a variable, evaluate it.
143 if (!S.getVariableValue()->EvaluateAsRelocatable(Target, &Layout, nullptr))
144 report_fatal_error("unable to evaluate offset for variable '" +
147 uint64_t Offset = Target.getConstant();
149 const MCSymbolRefExpr *A = Target.getSymA();
152 if (!getLabelOffset(Layout, A->getSymbol(), ReportError, ValA))
157 const MCSymbolRefExpr *B = Target.getSymB();
160 if (!getLabelOffset(Layout, B->getSymbol(), ReportError, ValB))
169 bool MCAsmLayout::getSymbolOffset(const MCSymbol &S, uint64_t &Val) const {
170 return getSymbolOffsetImpl(*this, S, false, Val);
173 uint64_t MCAsmLayout::getSymbolOffset(const MCSymbol &S) const {
175 getSymbolOffsetImpl(*this, S, true, Val);
179 const MCSymbol *MCAsmLayout::getBaseSymbol(const MCSymbol &Symbol) const {
180 if (!Symbol.isVariable())
183 const MCExpr *Expr = Symbol.getVariableValue();
185 if (!Expr->evaluateAsValue(Value, *this))
186 llvm_unreachable("Invalid Expression");
188 const MCSymbolRefExpr *RefB = Value.getSymB();
190 Assembler.getContext().reportFatalError(
191 SMLoc(), Twine("symbol '") + RefB->getSymbol().getName() +
192 "' could not be evaluated in a subtraction expression");
194 const MCSymbolRefExpr *A = Value.getSymA();
198 const MCSymbol &ASym = A->getSymbol();
199 const MCAssembler &Asm = getAssembler();
200 const MCSymbolData &ASD = Asm.getSymbolData(ASym);
201 if (ASD.isCommon()) {
202 // FIXME: we should probably add a SMLoc to MCExpr.
203 Asm.getContext().reportFatalError(SMLoc(),
204 "Common symbol " + ASym.getName() +
205 " cannot be used in assignment expr");
211 uint64_t MCAsmLayout::getSectionAddressSize(const MCSectionData *SD) const {
212 // The size is the last fragment's end offset.
213 const MCFragment &F = SD->getFragmentList().back();
214 return getFragmentOffset(&F) + getAssembler().computeFragmentSize(*this, F);
217 uint64_t MCAsmLayout::getSectionFileSize(const MCSectionData *SD) const {
218 // Virtual sections have no file size.
219 if (SD->getSection().isVirtualSection())
222 // Otherwise, the file size is the same as the address space size.
223 return getSectionAddressSize(SD);
226 uint64_t llvm::computeBundlePadding(const MCAssembler &Assembler,
228 uint64_t FOffset, uint64_t FSize) {
229 uint64_t BundleSize = Assembler.getBundleAlignSize();
230 assert(BundleSize > 0 &&
231 "computeBundlePadding should only be called if bundling is enabled");
232 uint64_t BundleMask = BundleSize - 1;
233 uint64_t OffsetInBundle = FOffset & BundleMask;
234 uint64_t EndOfFragment = OffsetInBundle + FSize;
236 // There are two kinds of bundling restrictions:
238 // 1) For alignToBundleEnd(), add padding to ensure that the fragment will
239 // *end* on a bundle boundary.
240 // 2) Otherwise, check if the fragment would cross a bundle boundary. If it
241 // would, add padding until the end of the bundle so that the fragment
242 // will start in a new one.
243 if (F->alignToBundleEnd()) {
244 // Three possibilities here:
246 // A) The fragment just happens to end at a bundle boundary, so we're good.
247 // B) The fragment ends before the current bundle boundary: pad it just
248 // enough to reach the boundary.
249 // C) The fragment ends after the current bundle boundary: pad it until it
250 // reaches the end of the next bundle boundary.
252 // Note: this code could be made shorter with some modulo trickery, but it's
253 // intentionally kept in its more explicit form for simplicity.
254 if (EndOfFragment == BundleSize)
256 else if (EndOfFragment < BundleSize)
257 return BundleSize - EndOfFragment;
258 else { // EndOfFragment > BundleSize
259 return 2 * BundleSize - EndOfFragment;
261 } else if (EndOfFragment > BundleSize)
262 return BundleSize - OffsetInBundle;
269 MCFragment::MCFragment() : Kind(FragmentType(~0)) {
272 MCFragment::~MCFragment() {
275 MCFragment::MCFragment(FragmentType Kind, MCSectionData *Parent)
276 : Kind(Kind), Parent(Parent), Atom(nullptr), Offset(~UINT64_C(0)) {
278 Parent->getFragmentList().push_back(this);
283 MCEncodedFragment::~MCEncodedFragment() {
288 MCEncodedFragmentWithFixups::~MCEncodedFragmentWithFixups() {
293 MCSectionData::MCSectionData() : Section(nullptr) {}
295 MCSectionData::MCSectionData(MCSection &Section, MCAssembler *A)
296 : Section(&Section), BundleLockState(NotBundleLocked),
297 BundleLockNestingDepth(0), BundleGroupBeforeFirstInst(false),
298 HasInstructions(false) {
300 A->getSectionList().push_back(this);
303 MCSectionData::iterator
304 MCSectionData::getSubsectionInsertionPoint(unsigned Subsection) {
305 if (Subsection == 0 && SubsectionFragmentMap.empty())
308 SmallVectorImpl<std::pair<unsigned, MCFragment *> >::iterator MI =
309 std::lower_bound(SubsectionFragmentMap.begin(), SubsectionFragmentMap.end(),
310 std::make_pair(Subsection, (MCFragment *)nullptr));
311 bool ExactMatch = false;
312 if (MI != SubsectionFragmentMap.end()) {
313 ExactMatch = MI->first == Subsection;
318 if (MI == SubsectionFragmentMap.end())
322 if (!ExactMatch && Subsection != 0) {
323 // The GNU as documentation claims that subsections have an alignment of 4,
324 // although this appears not to be the case.
325 MCFragment *F = new MCDataFragment();
326 SubsectionFragmentMap.insert(MI, std::make_pair(Subsection, F));
327 getFragmentList().insert(IP, F);
334 void MCSectionData::setBundleLockState(BundleLockStateType NewState) {
335 if (NewState == NotBundleLocked) {
336 if (BundleLockNestingDepth == 0) {
337 report_fatal_error("Mismatched bundle_lock/unlock directives");
339 if (--BundleLockNestingDepth == 0) {
340 BundleLockState = NotBundleLocked;
345 // If any of the directives is an align_to_end directive, the whole nested
346 // group is align_to_end. So don't downgrade from align_to_end to just locked.
347 if (BundleLockState != BundleLockedAlignToEnd) {
348 BundleLockState = NewState;
350 ++BundleLockNestingDepth;
355 MCAssembler::MCAssembler(MCContext &Context_, MCAsmBackend &Backend_,
356 MCCodeEmitter &Emitter_, MCObjectWriter &Writer_,
358 : Context(Context_), Backend(Backend_), Emitter(Emitter_), Writer(Writer_),
359 OS(OS_), BundleAlignSize(0), RelaxAll(false),
360 SubsectionsViaSymbols(false), ELFHeaderEFlags(0) {
361 VersionMinInfo.Major = 0; // Major version == 0 for "none specified"
364 MCAssembler::~MCAssembler() {
367 void MCAssembler::reset() {
371 IndirectSymbols.clear();
373 LinkerOptions.clear();
378 SubsectionsViaSymbols = false;
380 LOHContainer.reset();
381 VersionMinInfo.Major = 0;
383 // reset objects owned by us
384 getBackend().reset();
385 getEmitter().reset();
387 getLOHContainer().reset();
390 bool MCAssembler::isThumbFunc(const MCSymbol *Symbol) const {
391 if (ThumbFuncs.count(Symbol))
394 if (!Symbol->isVariable())
397 // FIXME: It looks like gas supports some cases of the form "foo + 2". It
398 // is not clear if that is a bug or a feature.
399 const MCExpr *Expr = Symbol->getVariableValue();
400 const MCSymbolRefExpr *Ref = dyn_cast<MCSymbolRefExpr>(Expr);
404 if (Ref->getKind() != MCSymbolRefExpr::VK_None)
407 const MCSymbol &Sym = Ref->getSymbol();
408 if (!isThumbFunc(&Sym))
411 ThumbFuncs.insert(Symbol); // Cache it.
415 void MCAssembler::addLocalUsedInReloc(const MCSymbol &Sym) {
416 assert(Sym.isTemporary());
417 LocalsUsedInReloc.insert(&Sym);
420 bool MCAssembler::isLocalUsedInReloc(const MCSymbol &Sym) const {
421 assert(Sym.isTemporary());
422 return LocalsUsedInReloc.count(&Sym);
425 bool MCAssembler::isSymbolLinkerVisible(const MCSymbol &Symbol) const {
426 // Non-temporary labels should always be visible to the linker.
427 if (!Symbol.isTemporary())
430 // Absolute temporary labels are never visible.
431 if (!Symbol.isInSection())
434 if (isLocalUsedInReloc(Symbol))
440 const MCSymbol *MCAssembler::getAtom(const MCSymbol &S) const {
441 // Linker visible symbols define atoms.
442 if (isSymbolLinkerVisible(S))
445 // Absolute and undefined symbols have no defining atom.
446 if (!S.getData().getFragment())
449 // Non-linker visible symbols in sections which can't be atomized have no
451 if (!getContext().getAsmInfo()->isSectionAtomizableBySymbols(
452 S.getData().getFragment()->getParent()->getSection()))
455 // Otherwise, return the atom for the containing fragment.
456 return S.getData().getFragment()->getAtom();
459 bool MCAssembler::evaluateFixup(const MCAsmLayout &Layout,
460 const MCFixup &Fixup, const MCFragment *DF,
461 MCValue &Target, uint64_t &Value) const {
462 ++stats::evaluateFixup;
464 // FIXME: This code has some duplication with RecordRelocation. We should
465 // probably merge the two into a single callback that tries to evaluate a
466 // fixup and records a relocation if one is needed.
467 const MCExpr *Expr = Fixup.getValue();
468 if (!Expr->EvaluateAsRelocatable(Target, &Layout, &Fixup))
469 getContext().reportFatalError(Fixup.getLoc(), "expected relocatable expression");
471 bool IsPCRel = Backend.getFixupKindInfo(
472 Fixup.getKind()).Flags & MCFixupKindInfo::FKF_IsPCRel;
476 if (Target.getSymB()) {
478 } else if (!Target.getSymA()) {
481 const MCSymbolRefExpr *A = Target.getSymA();
482 const MCSymbol &SA = A->getSymbol();
483 if (A->getKind() != MCSymbolRefExpr::VK_None || SA.isUndefined()) {
486 IsResolved = getWriter().IsSymbolRefDifferenceFullyResolvedImpl(
487 *this, SA, *DF, false, true);
491 IsResolved = Target.isAbsolute();
494 Value = Target.getConstant();
496 if (const MCSymbolRefExpr *A = Target.getSymA()) {
497 const MCSymbol &Sym = A->getSymbol();
499 Value += Layout.getSymbolOffset(Sym);
501 if (const MCSymbolRefExpr *B = Target.getSymB()) {
502 const MCSymbol &Sym = B->getSymbol();
504 Value -= Layout.getSymbolOffset(Sym);
508 bool ShouldAlignPC = Backend.getFixupKindInfo(Fixup.getKind()).Flags &
509 MCFixupKindInfo::FKF_IsAlignedDownTo32Bits;
510 assert((ShouldAlignPC ? IsPCRel : true) &&
511 "FKF_IsAlignedDownTo32Bits is only allowed on PC-relative fixups!");
514 uint32_t Offset = Layout.getFragmentOffset(DF) + Fixup.getOffset();
516 // A number of ARM fixups in Thumb mode require that the effective PC
517 // address be determined as the 32-bit aligned version of the actual offset.
518 if (ShouldAlignPC) Offset &= ~0x3;
522 // Let the backend adjust the fixup value if necessary, including whether
523 // we need a relocation.
524 Backend.processFixupValue(*this, Layout, Fixup, DF, Target, Value,
530 uint64_t MCAssembler::computeFragmentSize(const MCAsmLayout &Layout,
531 const MCFragment &F) const {
532 switch (F.getKind()) {
533 case MCFragment::FT_Data:
534 case MCFragment::FT_Relaxable:
535 case MCFragment::FT_CompactEncodedInst:
536 return cast<MCEncodedFragment>(F).getContents().size();
537 case MCFragment::FT_Fill:
538 return cast<MCFillFragment>(F).getSize();
540 case MCFragment::FT_LEB:
541 return cast<MCLEBFragment>(F).getContents().size();
543 case MCFragment::FT_Align: {
544 const MCAlignFragment &AF = cast<MCAlignFragment>(F);
545 unsigned Offset = Layout.getFragmentOffset(&AF);
546 unsigned Size = OffsetToAlignment(Offset, AF.getAlignment());
547 // If we are padding with nops, force the padding to be larger than the
549 if (Size > 0 && AF.hasEmitNops()) {
550 while (Size % getBackend().getMinimumNopSize())
551 Size += AF.getAlignment();
553 if (Size > AF.getMaxBytesToEmit())
558 case MCFragment::FT_Org: {
559 const MCOrgFragment &OF = cast<MCOrgFragment>(F);
560 int64_t TargetLocation;
561 if (!OF.getOffset().EvaluateAsAbsolute(TargetLocation, Layout))
562 report_fatal_error("expected assembly-time absolute expression");
564 // FIXME: We need a way to communicate this error.
565 uint64_t FragmentOffset = Layout.getFragmentOffset(&OF);
566 int64_t Size = TargetLocation - FragmentOffset;
567 if (Size < 0 || Size >= 0x40000000)
568 report_fatal_error("invalid .org offset '" + Twine(TargetLocation) +
569 "' (at offset '" + Twine(FragmentOffset) + "')");
573 case MCFragment::FT_Dwarf:
574 return cast<MCDwarfLineAddrFragment>(F).getContents().size();
575 case MCFragment::FT_DwarfFrame:
576 return cast<MCDwarfCallFrameFragment>(F).getContents().size();
579 llvm_unreachable("invalid fragment kind");
582 void MCAsmLayout::layoutFragment(MCFragment *F) {
583 MCFragment *Prev = F->getPrevNode();
585 // We should never try to recompute something which is valid.
586 assert(!isFragmentValid(F) && "Attempt to recompute a valid fragment!");
587 // We should never try to compute the fragment layout if its predecessor
589 assert((!Prev || isFragmentValid(Prev)) &&
590 "Attempt to compute fragment before its predecessor!");
592 ++stats::FragmentLayouts;
594 // Compute fragment offset and size.
596 F->Offset = Prev->Offset + getAssembler().computeFragmentSize(*this, *Prev);
599 LastValidFragment[F->getParent()] = F;
601 // If bundling is enabled and this fragment has instructions in it, it has to
602 // obey the bundling restrictions. With padding, we'll have:
607 // -------------------------------------
608 // Prev |##########| F |
609 // -------------------------------------
614 // The fragment's offset will point to after the padding, and its computed
615 // size won't include the padding.
617 // When the -mc-relax-all flag is used, we optimize bundling by writting the
618 // bundle padding directly into fragments when the instructions are emitted
619 // inside the streamer.
621 if (Assembler.isBundlingEnabled() && !Assembler.getRelaxAll() &&
622 F->hasInstructions()) {
623 assert(isa<MCEncodedFragment>(F) &&
624 "Only MCEncodedFragment implementations have instructions");
625 uint64_t FSize = Assembler.computeFragmentSize(*this, *F);
627 if (FSize > Assembler.getBundleAlignSize())
628 report_fatal_error("Fragment can't be larger than a bundle size");
630 uint64_t RequiredBundlePadding = computeBundlePadding(Assembler, F,
632 if (RequiredBundlePadding > UINT8_MAX)
633 report_fatal_error("Padding cannot exceed 255 bytes");
634 F->setBundlePadding(static_cast<uint8_t>(RequiredBundlePadding));
635 F->Offset += RequiredBundlePadding;
639 /// \brief Write the contents of a fragment to the given object writer. Expects
640 /// a MCEncodedFragment.
641 static void writeFragmentContents(const MCFragment &F, MCObjectWriter *OW) {
642 const MCEncodedFragment &EF = cast<MCEncodedFragment>(F);
643 OW->WriteBytes(EF.getContents());
646 void MCAssembler::writeFragmentPadding(const MCFragment &F, uint64_t FSize,
647 MCObjectWriter *OW) const {
648 // Should NOP padding be written out before this fragment?
649 unsigned BundlePadding = F.getBundlePadding();
650 if (BundlePadding > 0) {
651 assert(isBundlingEnabled() &&
652 "Writing bundle padding with disabled bundling");
653 assert(F.hasInstructions() &&
654 "Writing bundle padding for a fragment without instructions");
656 unsigned TotalLength = BundlePadding + static_cast<unsigned>(FSize);
657 if (F.alignToBundleEnd() && TotalLength > getBundleAlignSize()) {
658 // If the padding itself crosses a bundle boundary, it must be emitted
659 // in 2 pieces, since even nop instructions must not cross boundaries.
660 // v--------------v <- BundleAlignSize
661 // v---------v <- BundlePadding
662 // ----------------------------
663 // | Prev |####|####| F |
664 // ----------------------------
665 // ^-------------------^ <- TotalLength
666 unsigned DistanceToBoundary = TotalLength - getBundleAlignSize();
667 if (!getBackend().writeNopData(DistanceToBoundary, OW))
668 report_fatal_error("unable to write NOP sequence of " +
669 Twine(DistanceToBoundary) + " bytes");
670 BundlePadding -= DistanceToBoundary;
672 if (!getBackend().writeNopData(BundlePadding, OW))
673 report_fatal_error("unable to write NOP sequence of " +
674 Twine(BundlePadding) + " bytes");
678 /// \brief Write the fragment \p F to the output file.
679 static void writeFragment(const MCAssembler &Asm, const MCAsmLayout &Layout,
680 const MCFragment &F) {
681 MCObjectWriter *OW = &Asm.getWriter();
683 // FIXME: Embed in fragments instead?
684 uint64_t FragmentSize = Asm.computeFragmentSize(Layout, F);
686 Asm.writeFragmentPadding(F, FragmentSize, OW);
688 // This variable (and its dummy usage) is to participate in the assert at
689 // the end of the function.
690 uint64_t Start = OW->getStream().tell();
693 ++stats::EmittedFragments;
695 switch (F.getKind()) {
696 case MCFragment::FT_Align: {
697 ++stats::EmittedAlignFragments;
698 const MCAlignFragment &AF = cast<MCAlignFragment>(F);
699 assert(AF.getValueSize() && "Invalid virtual align in concrete fragment!");
701 uint64_t Count = FragmentSize / AF.getValueSize();
703 // FIXME: This error shouldn't actually occur (the front end should emit
704 // multiple .align directives to enforce the semantics it wants), but is
705 // severe enough that we want to report it. How to handle this?
706 if (Count * AF.getValueSize() != FragmentSize)
707 report_fatal_error("undefined .align directive, value size '" +
708 Twine(AF.getValueSize()) +
709 "' is not a divisor of padding size '" +
710 Twine(FragmentSize) + "'");
712 // See if we are aligning with nops, and if so do that first to try to fill
713 // the Count bytes. Then if that did not fill any bytes or there are any
714 // bytes left to fill use the Value and ValueSize to fill the rest.
715 // If we are aligning with nops, ask that target to emit the right data.
716 if (AF.hasEmitNops()) {
717 if (!Asm.getBackend().writeNopData(Count, OW))
718 report_fatal_error("unable to write nop sequence of " +
719 Twine(Count) + " bytes");
723 // Otherwise, write out in multiples of the value size.
724 for (uint64_t i = 0; i != Count; ++i) {
725 switch (AF.getValueSize()) {
726 default: llvm_unreachable("Invalid size!");
727 case 1: OW->Write8 (uint8_t (AF.getValue())); break;
728 case 2: OW->Write16(uint16_t(AF.getValue())); break;
729 case 4: OW->Write32(uint32_t(AF.getValue())); break;
730 case 8: OW->Write64(uint64_t(AF.getValue())); break;
736 case MCFragment::FT_Data:
737 ++stats::EmittedDataFragments;
738 writeFragmentContents(F, OW);
741 case MCFragment::FT_Relaxable:
742 ++stats::EmittedRelaxableFragments;
743 writeFragmentContents(F, OW);
746 case MCFragment::FT_CompactEncodedInst:
747 ++stats::EmittedCompactEncodedInstFragments;
748 writeFragmentContents(F, OW);
751 case MCFragment::FT_Fill: {
752 ++stats::EmittedFillFragments;
753 const MCFillFragment &FF = cast<MCFillFragment>(F);
755 assert(FF.getValueSize() && "Invalid virtual align in concrete fragment!");
757 for (uint64_t i = 0, e = FF.getSize() / FF.getValueSize(); i != e; ++i) {
758 switch (FF.getValueSize()) {
759 default: llvm_unreachable("Invalid size!");
760 case 1: OW->Write8 (uint8_t (FF.getValue())); break;
761 case 2: OW->Write16(uint16_t(FF.getValue())); break;
762 case 4: OW->Write32(uint32_t(FF.getValue())); break;
763 case 8: OW->Write64(uint64_t(FF.getValue())); break;
769 case MCFragment::FT_LEB: {
770 const MCLEBFragment &LF = cast<MCLEBFragment>(F);
771 OW->WriteBytes(LF.getContents());
775 case MCFragment::FT_Org: {
776 ++stats::EmittedOrgFragments;
777 const MCOrgFragment &OF = cast<MCOrgFragment>(F);
779 for (uint64_t i = 0, e = FragmentSize; i != e; ++i)
780 OW->Write8(uint8_t(OF.getValue()));
785 case MCFragment::FT_Dwarf: {
786 const MCDwarfLineAddrFragment &OF = cast<MCDwarfLineAddrFragment>(F);
787 OW->WriteBytes(OF.getContents());
790 case MCFragment::FT_DwarfFrame: {
791 const MCDwarfCallFrameFragment &CF = cast<MCDwarfCallFrameFragment>(F);
792 OW->WriteBytes(CF.getContents());
797 assert(OW->getStream().tell() - Start == FragmentSize &&
798 "The stream should advance by fragment size");
801 void MCAssembler::writeSectionData(const MCSectionData *SD,
802 const MCAsmLayout &Layout) const {
803 // Ignore virtual sections.
804 if (SD->getSection().isVirtualSection()) {
805 assert(Layout.getSectionFileSize(SD) == 0 && "Invalid size for section!");
807 // Check that contents are only things legal inside a virtual section.
808 for (MCSectionData::const_iterator it = SD->begin(),
809 ie = SD->end(); it != ie; ++it) {
810 switch (it->getKind()) {
811 default: llvm_unreachable("Invalid fragment in virtual section!");
812 case MCFragment::FT_Data: {
813 // Check that we aren't trying to write a non-zero contents (or fixups)
814 // into a virtual section. This is to support clients which use standard
815 // directives to fill the contents of virtual sections.
816 const MCDataFragment &DF = cast<MCDataFragment>(*it);
817 assert(DF.fixup_begin() == DF.fixup_end() &&
818 "Cannot have fixups in virtual section!");
819 for (unsigned i = 0, e = DF.getContents().size(); i != e; ++i)
820 if (DF.getContents()[i]) {
821 if (auto *ELFSec = dyn_cast<const MCSectionELF>(&SD->getSection()))
822 report_fatal_error("non-zero initializer found in section '" +
823 ELFSec->getSectionName() + "'");
825 report_fatal_error("non-zero initializer found in virtual section");
829 case MCFragment::FT_Align:
830 // Check that we aren't trying to write a non-zero value into a virtual
832 assert((cast<MCAlignFragment>(it)->getValueSize() == 0 ||
833 cast<MCAlignFragment>(it)->getValue() == 0) &&
834 "Invalid align in virtual section!");
836 case MCFragment::FT_Fill:
837 assert((cast<MCFillFragment>(it)->getValueSize() == 0 ||
838 cast<MCFillFragment>(it)->getValue() == 0) &&
839 "Invalid fill in virtual section!");
847 uint64_t Start = getWriter().getStream().tell();
850 for (MCSectionData::const_iterator it = SD->begin(), ie = SD->end();
852 writeFragment(*this, Layout, *it);
854 assert(getWriter().getStream().tell() - Start ==
855 Layout.getSectionAddressSize(SD));
858 std::pair<uint64_t, bool> MCAssembler::handleFixup(const MCAsmLayout &Layout,
860 const MCFixup &Fixup) {
861 // Evaluate the fixup.
864 bool IsPCRel = Backend.getFixupKindInfo(Fixup.getKind()).Flags &
865 MCFixupKindInfo::FKF_IsPCRel;
866 if (!evaluateFixup(Layout, Fixup, &F, Target, FixedValue)) {
867 // The fixup was unresolved, we need a relocation. Inform the object
868 // writer of the relocation, and give it an opportunity to adjust the
869 // fixup value if need be.
870 getWriter().RecordRelocation(*this, Layout, &F, Fixup, Target, IsPCRel,
873 return std::make_pair(FixedValue, IsPCRel);
876 void MCAssembler::Finish() {
877 DEBUG_WITH_TYPE("mc-dump", {
878 llvm::errs() << "assembler backend - pre-layout\n--\n";
881 // Create the layout object.
882 MCAsmLayout Layout(*this);
884 // Create dummy fragments and assign section ordinals.
885 unsigned SectionIndex = 0;
886 for (MCAssembler::iterator it = begin(), ie = end(); it != ie; ++it) {
887 // Create dummy fragments to eliminate any empty sections, this simplifies
889 if (it->getFragmentList().empty())
890 new MCDataFragment(it);
892 it->getSection().setOrdinal(SectionIndex++);
895 // Assign layout order indices to sections and fragments.
896 for (unsigned i = 0, e = Layout.getSectionOrder().size(); i != e; ++i) {
897 MCSectionData *SD = Layout.getSectionOrder()[i];
898 SD->getSection().setLayoutOrder(i);
900 unsigned FragmentIndex = 0;
901 for (MCSectionData::iterator iFrag = SD->begin(), iFragEnd = SD->end();
902 iFrag != iFragEnd; ++iFrag)
903 iFrag->setLayoutOrder(FragmentIndex++);
906 // Layout until everything fits.
907 while (layoutOnce(Layout))
910 DEBUG_WITH_TYPE("mc-dump", {
911 llvm::errs() << "assembler backend - post-relaxation\n--\n";
914 // Finalize the layout, including fragment lowering.
915 finishLayout(Layout);
917 DEBUG_WITH_TYPE("mc-dump", {
918 llvm::errs() << "assembler backend - final-layout\n--\n";
921 uint64_t StartOffset = OS.tell();
923 // Allow the object writer a chance to perform post-layout binding (for
924 // example, to set the index fields in the symbol data).
925 getWriter().ExecutePostLayoutBinding(*this, Layout);
927 // Evaluate and apply the fixups, generating relocation entries as necessary.
928 for (MCAssembler::iterator it = begin(), ie = end(); it != ie; ++it) {
929 for (MCSectionData::iterator it2 = it->begin(),
930 ie2 = it->end(); it2 != ie2; ++it2) {
931 MCEncodedFragmentWithFixups *F =
932 dyn_cast<MCEncodedFragmentWithFixups>(it2);
934 for (MCEncodedFragmentWithFixups::fixup_iterator it3 = F->fixup_begin(),
935 ie3 = F->fixup_end(); it3 != ie3; ++it3) {
936 MCFixup &Fixup = *it3;
939 std::tie(FixedValue, IsPCRel) = handleFixup(Layout, *F, Fixup);
940 getBackend().applyFixup(Fixup, F->getContents().data(),
941 F->getContents().size(), FixedValue, IsPCRel);
947 // Write the object file.
948 getWriter().WriteObject(*this, Layout);
950 stats::ObjectBytes += OS.tell() - StartOffset;
953 bool MCAssembler::fixupNeedsRelaxation(const MCFixup &Fixup,
954 const MCRelaxableFragment *DF,
955 const MCAsmLayout &Layout) const {
956 // If we cannot resolve the fixup value, it requires relaxation.
959 if (!evaluateFixup(Layout, Fixup, DF, Target, Value))
962 return getBackend().fixupNeedsRelaxation(Fixup, Value, DF, Layout);
965 bool MCAssembler::fragmentNeedsRelaxation(const MCRelaxableFragment *F,
966 const MCAsmLayout &Layout) const {
967 // If this inst doesn't ever need relaxation, ignore it. This occurs when we
968 // are intentionally pushing out inst fragments, or because we relaxed a
969 // previous instruction to one that doesn't need relaxation.
970 if (!getBackend().mayNeedRelaxation(F->getInst()))
973 for (MCRelaxableFragment::const_fixup_iterator it = F->fixup_begin(),
974 ie = F->fixup_end(); it != ie; ++it)
975 if (fixupNeedsRelaxation(*it, F, Layout))
981 bool MCAssembler::relaxInstruction(MCAsmLayout &Layout,
982 MCRelaxableFragment &F) {
983 if (!fragmentNeedsRelaxation(&F, Layout))
986 ++stats::RelaxedInstructions;
988 // FIXME-PERF: We could immediately lower out instructions if we can tell
989 // they are fully resolved, to avoid retesting on later passes.
991 // Relax the fragment.
994 getBackend().relaxInstruction(F.getInst(), Relaxed);
996 // Encode the new instruction.
998 // FIXME-PERF: If it matters, we could let the target do this. It can
999 // probably do so more efficiently in many cases.
1000 SmallVector<MCFixup, 4> Fixups;
1001 SmallString<256> Code;
1002 raw_svector_ostream VecOS(Code);
1003 getEmitter().encodeInstruction(Relaxed, VecOS, Fixups, F.getSubtargetInfo());
1006 // Update the fragment.
1008 F.getContents() = Code;
1009 F.getFixups() = Fixups;
1014 bool MCAssembler::relaxLEB(MCAsmLayout &Layout, MCLEBFragment &LF) {
1015 uint64_t OldSize = LF.getContents().size();
1017 bool Abs = LF.getValue().evaluateKnownAbsolute(Value, Layout);
1019 report_fatal_error("sleb128 and uleb128 expressions must be absolute");
1020 SmallString<8> &Data = LF.getContents();
1022 raw_svector_ostream OSE(Data);
1024 encodeSLEB128(Value, OSE);
1026 encodeULEB128(Value, OSE);
1028 return OldSize != LF.getContents().size();
1031 bool MCAssembler::relaxDwarfLineAddr(MCAsmLayout &Layout,
1032 MCDwarfLineAddrFragment &DF) {
1033 MCContext &Context = Layout.getAssembler().getContext();
1034 uint64_t OldSize = DF.getContents().size();
1036 bool Abs = DF.getAddrDelta().evaluateKnownAbsolute(AddrDelta, Layout);
1037 assert(Abs && "We created a line delta with an invalid expression");
1040 LineDelta = DF.getLineDelta();
1041 SmallString<8> &Data = DF.getContents();
1043 raw_svector_ostream OSE(Data);
1044 MCDwarfLineAddr::Encode(Context, LineDelta, AddrDelta, OSE);
1046 return OldSize != Data.size();
1049 bool MCAssembler::relaxDwarfCallFrameFragment(MCAsmLayout &Layout,
1050 MCDwarfCallFrameFragment &DF) {
1051 MCContext &Context = Layout.getAssembler().getContext();
1052 uint64_t OldSize = DF.getContents().size();
1054 bool Abs = DF.getAddrDelta().evaluateKnownAbsolute(AddrDelta, Layout);
1055 assert(Abs && "We created call frame with an invalid expression");
1057 SmallString<8> &Data = DF.getContents();
1059 raw_svector_ostream OSE(Data);
1060 MCDwarfFrameEmitter::EncodeAdvanceLoc(Context, AddrDelta, OSE);
1062 return OldSize != Data.size();
1065 bool MCAssembler::layoutSectionOnce(MCAsmLayout &Layout, MCSectionData &SD) {
1066 // Holds the first fragment which needed relaxing during this layout. It will
1067 // remain NULL if none were relaxed.
1068 // When a fragment is relaxed, all the fragments following it should get
1069 // invalidated because their offset is going to change.
1070 MCFragment *FirstRelaxedFragment = nullptr;
1072 // Attempt to relax all the fragments in the section.
1073 for (MCSectionData::iterator I = SD.begin(), IE = SD.end(); I != IE; ++I) {
1074 // Check if this is a fragment that needs relaxation.
1075 bool RelaxedFrag = false;
1076 switch(I->getKind()) {
1079 case MCFragment::FT_Relaxable:
1080 assert(!getRelaxAll() &&
1081 "Did not expect a MCRelaxableFragment in RelaxAll mode");
1082 RelaxedFrag = relaxInstruction(Layout, *cast<MCRelaxableFragment>(I));
1084 case MCFragment::FT_Dwarf:
1085 RelaxedFrag = relaxDwarfLineAddr(Layout,
1086 *cast<MCDwarfLineAddrFragment>(I));
1088 case MCFragment::FT_DwarfFrame:
1090 relaxDwarfCallFrameFragment(Layout,
1091 *cast<MCDwarfCallFrameFragment>(I));
1093 case MCFragment::FT_LEB:
1094 RelaxedFrag = relaxLEB(Layout, *cast<MCLEBFragment>(I));
1097 if (RelaxedFrag && !FirstRelaxedFragment)
1098 FirstRelaxedFragment = I;
1100 if (FirstRelaxedFragment) {
1101 Layout.invalidateFragmentsFrom(FirstRelaxedFragment);
1107 bool MCAssembler::layoutOnce(MCAsmLayout &Layout) {
1108 ++stats::RelaxationSteps;
1110 bool WasRelaxed = false;
1111 for (iterator it = begin(), ie = end(); it != ie; ++it) {
1112 MCSectionData &SD = *it;
1113 while (layoutSectionOnce(Layout, SD))
1120 void MCAssembler::finishLayout(MCAsmLayout &Layout) {
1121 // The layout is done. Mark every fragment as valid.
1122 for (unsigned int i = 0, n = Layout.getSectionOrder().size(); i != n; ++i) {
1123 Layout.getFragmentOffset(&*Layout.getSectionOrder()[i]->rbegin());
1127 // Debugging methods
1131 raw_ostream &operator<<(raw_ostream &OS, const MCFixup &AF) {
1132 OS << "<MCFixup" << " Offset:" << AF.getOffset()
1133 << " Value:" << *AF.getValue()
1134 << " Kind:" << AF.getKind() << ">";
1140 #if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(LLVM_ENABLE_DUMP)
1141 void MCFragment::dump() {
1142 raw_ostream &OS = llvm::errs();
1145 switch (getKind()) {
1146 case MCFragment::FT_Align: OS << "MCAlignFragment"; break;
1147 case MCFragment::FT_Data: OS << "MCDataFragment"; break;
1148 case MCFragment::FT_CompactEncodedInst:
1149 OS << "MCCompactEncodedInstFragment"; break;
1150 case MCFragment::FT_Fill: OS << "MCFillFragment"; break;
1151 case MCFragment::FT_Relaxable: OS << "MCRelaxableFragment"; break;
1152 case MCFragment::FT_Org: OS << "MCOrgFragment"; break;
1153 case MCFragment::FT_Dwarf: OS << "MCDwarfFragment"; break;
1154 case MCFragment::FT_DwarfFrame: OS << "MCDwarfCallFrameFragment"; break;
1155 case MCFragment::FT_LEB: OS << "MCLEBFragment"; break;
1158 OS << "<MCFragment " << (void*) this << " LayoutOrder:" << LayoutOrder
1159 << " Offset:" << Offset
1160 << " HasInstructions:" << hasInstructions()
1161 << " BundlePadding:" << static_cast<unsigned>(getBundlePadding()) << ">";
1163 switch (getKind()) {
1164 case MCFragment::FT_Align: {
1165 const MCAlignFragment *AF = cast<MCAlignFragment>(this);
1166 if (AF->hasEmitNops())
1167 OS << " (emit nops)";
1169 OS << " Alignment:" << AF->getAlignment()
1170 << " Value:" << AF->getValue() << " ValueSize:" << AF->getValueSize()
1171 << " MaxBytesToEmit:" << AF->getMaxBytesToEmit() << ">";
1174 case MCFragment::FT_Data: {
1175 const MCDataFragment *DF = cast<MCDataFragment>(this);
1177 OS << " Contents:[";
1178 const SmallVectorImpl<char> &Contents = DF->getContents();
1179 for (unsigned i = 0, e = Contents.size(); i != e; ++i) {
1181 OS << hexdigit((Contents[i] >> 4) & 0xF) << hexdigit(Contents[i] & 0xF);
1183 OS << "] (" << Contents.size() << " bytes)";
1185 if (DF->fixup_begin() != DF->fixup_end()) {
1188 for (MCDataFragment::const_fixup_iterator it = DF->fixup_begin(),
1189 ie = DF->fixup_end(); it != ie; ++it) {
1190 if (it != DF->fixup_begin()) OS << ",\n ";
1197 case MCFragment::FT_CompactEncodedInst: {
1198 const MCCompactEncodedInstFragment *CEIF =
1199 cast<MCCompactEncodedInstFragment>(this);
1201 OS << " Contents:[";
1202 const SmallVectorImpl<char> &Contents = CEIF->getContents();
1203 for (unsigned i = 0, e = Contents.size(); i != e; ++i) {
1205 OS << hexdigit((Contents[i] >> 4) & 0xF) << hexdigit(Contents[i] & 0xF);
1207 OS << "] (" << Contents.size() << " bytes)";
1210 case MCFragment::FT_Fill: {
1211 const MCFillFragment *FF = cast<MCFillFragment>(this);
1212 OS << " Value:" << FF->getValue() << " ValueSize:" << FF->getValueSize()
1213 << " Size:" << FF->getSize();
1216 case MCFragment::FT_Relaxable: {
1217 const MCRelaxableFragment *F = cast<MCRelaxableFragment>(this);
1220 F->getInst().dump_pretty(OS);
1223 case MCFragment::FT_Org: {
1224 const MCOrgFragment *OF = cast<MCOrgFragment>(this);
1226 OS << " Offset:" << OF->getOffset() << " Value:" << OF->getValue();
1229 case MCFragment::FT_Dwarf: {
1230 const MCDwarfLineAddrFragment *OF = cast<MCDwarfLineAddrFragment>(this);
1232 OS << " AddrDelta:" << OF->getAddrDelta()
1233 << " LineDelta:" << OF->getLineDelta();
1236 case MCFragment::FT_DwarfFrame: {
1237 const MCDwarfCallFrameFragment *CF = cast<MCDwarfCallFrameFragment>(this);
1239 OS << " AddrDelta:" << CF->getAddrDelta();
1242 case MCFragment::FT_LEB: {
1243 const MCLEBFragment *LF = cast<MCLEBFragment>(this);
1245 OS << " Value:" << LF->getValue() << " Signed:" << LF->isSigned();
1252 void MCSectionData::dump() {
1253 raw_ostream &OS = llvm::errs();
1255 OS << "<MCSectionData";
1256 OS << " Fragments:[\n ";
1257 for (iterator it = begin(), ie = end(); it != ie; ++it) {
1258 if (it != begin()) OS << ",\n ";
1264 void MCSymbolData::dump() const {
1265 raw_ostream &OS = llvm::errs();
1267 OS << "<MCSymbolData"
1268 << " Fragment:" << getFragment();
1270 OS << " Offset:" << getOffset();
1271 OS << " Flags:" << getFlags();
1273 OS << " (common, size:" << getCommonSize()
1274 << " align: " << getCommonAlignment() << ")";
1276 OS << " (external)";
1277 if (isPrivateExtern())
1278 OS << " (private extern)";
1282 void MCAssembler::dump() {
1283 raw_ostream &OS = llvm::errs();
1285 OS << "<MCAssembler\n";
1286 OS << " Sections:[\n ";
1287 for (iterator it = begin(), ie = end(); it != ie; ++it) {
1288 if (it != begin()) OS << ",\n ";
1294 for (symbol_iterator it = symbol_begin(), ie = symbol_end(); it != ie; ++it) {
1295 if (it != symbol_begin()) OS << ",\n ";
1298 OS << ", Index:" << it->getIndex() << ", ";
1299 it->getData().dump();
1306 // anchors for MC*Fragment vtables
1307 void MCEncodedFragment::anchor() { }
1308 void MCEncodedFragmentWithFixups::anchor() { }
1309 void MCDataFragment::anchor() { }
1310 void MCCompactEncodedInstFragment::anchor() { }
1311 void MCRelaxableFragment::anchor() { }
1312 void MCAlignFragment::anchor() { }
1313 void MCFillFragment::anchor() { }
1314 void MCOrgFragment::anchor() { }
1315 void MCLEBFragment::anchor() { }
1316 void MCDwarfLineAddrFragment::anchor() { }
1317 void MCDwarfCallFrameFragment::anchor() { }