1 //===-- MemorySanitizer.cpp - detector of uninitialized reads -------------===//
3 // The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
10 /// This file is a part of MemorySanitizer, a detector of uninitialized
13 /// Status: early prototype.
15 /// The algorithm of the tool is similar to Memcheck
16 /// (http://goo.gl/QKbem). We associate a few shadow bits with every
17 /// byte of the application memory, poison the shadow of the malloc-ed
18 /// or alloca-ed memory, load the shadow bits on every memory read,
19 /// propagate the shadow bits through some of the arithmetic
20 /// instruction (including MOV), store the shadow bits on every memory
21 /// write, report a bug on some other instructions (e.g. JMP) if the
22 /// associated shadow is poisoned.
24 /// But there are differences too. The first and the major one:
25 /// compiler instrumentation instead of binary instrumentation. This
26 /// gives us much better register allocation, possible compiler
27 /// optimizations and a fast start-up. But this brings the major issue
28 /// as well: msan needs to see all program events, including system
29 /// calls and reads/writes in system libraries, so we either need to
30 /// compile *everything* with msan or use a binary translation
31 /// component (e.g. DynamoRIO) to instrument pre-built libraries.
32 /// Another difference from Memcheck is that we use 8 shadow bits per
33 /// byte of application memory and use a direct shadow mapping. This
34 /// greatly simplifies the instrumentation code and avoids races on
35 /// shadow updates (Memcheck is single-threaded so races are not a
36 /// concern there. Memcheck uses 2 shadow bits per byte with a slow
37 /// path storage that uses 8 bits per byte).
39 /// The default value of shadow is 0, which means "clean" (not poisoned).
41 /// Every module initializer should call __msan_init to ensure that the
42 /// shadow memory is ready. On error, __msan_warning is called. Since
43 /// parameters and return values may be passed via registers, we have a
44 /// specialized thread-local shadow for return values
45 /// (__msan_retval_tls) and parameters (__msan_param_tls).
46 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
48 #define DEBUG_TYPE "msan"
50 #include "llvm/Transforms/Instrumentation.h"
51 #include "BlackList.h"
52 #include "llvm/ADT/DepthFirstIterator.h"
53 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallString.h"
54 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
55 #include "llvm/ADT/ValueMap.h"
56 #include "llvm/DataLayout.h"
57 #include "llvm/Function.h"
58 #include "llvm/IRBuilder.h"
59 #include "llvm/InlineAsm.h"
60 #include "llvm/InstVisitor.h"
61 #include "llvm/IntrinsicInst.h"
62 #include "llvm/LLVMContext.h"
63 #include "llvm/MDBuilder.h"
64 #include "llvm/Module.h"
65 #include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
66 #include "llvm/Support/Compiler.h"
67 #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
68 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
69 #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/BasicBlockUtils.h"
70 #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/ModuleUtils.h"
71 #include "llvm/Type.h"
75 static const uint64_t kShadowMask32 = 1ULL << 31;
76 static const uint64_t kShadowMask64 = 1ULL << 46;
77 static const uint64_t kOriginOffset32 = 1ULL << 30;
78 static const uint64_t kOriginOffset64 = 1ULL << 45;
80 // This is an important flag that makes the reports much more
81 // informative at the cost of greater slowdown. Not fully implemented
83 // FIXME: this should be a top-level clang flag, e.g.
84 // -fmemory-sanitizer-full.
85 static cl::opt<bool> ClTrackOrigins("msan-track-origins",
86 cl::desc("Track origins (allocation sites) of poisoned memory"),
87 cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
88 static cl::opt<bool> ClKeepGoing("msan-keep-going",
89 cl::desc("keep going after reporting a UMR"),
90 cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
91 static cl::opt<bool> ClPoisonStack("msan-poison-stack",
92 cl::desc("poison uninitialized stack variables"),
93 cl::Hidden, cl::init(true));
94 static cl::opt<bool> ClPoisonStackWithCall("msan-poison-stack-with-call",
95 cl::desc("poison uninitialized stack variables with a call"),
96 cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
97 static cl::opt<int> ClPoisonStackPattern("msan-poison-stack-pattern",
98 cl::desc("poison uninitialized stack variables with the given patter"),
99 cl::Hidden, cl::init(0xff));
101 static cl::opt<bool> ClHandleICmp("msan-handle-icmp",
102 cl::desc("propagate shadow through ICmpEQ and ICmpNE"),
103 cl::Hidden, cl::init(true));
105 static cl::opt<bool> ClStoreCleanOrigin("msan-store-clean-origin",
106 cl::desc("store origin for clean (fully initialized) values"),
107 cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
109 // This flag controls whether we check the shadow of the address
110 // operand of load or store. Such bugs are very rare, since load from
111 // a garbage address typically results in SEGV, but still happen
112 // (e.g. only lower bits of address are garbage, or the access happens
113 // early at program startup where malloc-ed memory is more likely to
114 // be zeroed. As of 2012-08-28 this flag adds 20% slowdown.
115 static cl::opt<bool> ClCheckAccessAddress("msan-check-access-address",
116 cl::desc("report accesses through a pointer which has poisoned shadow"),
117 cl::Hidden, cl::init(true));
119 static cl::opt<bool> ClDumpStrictInstructions("msan-dump-strict-instructions",
120 cl::desc("print out instructions with default strict semantics"),
121 cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
123 static cl::opt<std::string> ClBlackListFile("msan-blacklist",
124 cl::desc("File containing the list of functions where MemorySanitizer "
125 "should not report bugs"), cl::Hidden);
129 /// \brief An instrumentation pass implementing detection of uninitialized
132 /// MemorySanitizer: instrument the code in module to find
133 /// uninitialized reads.
134 class MemorySanitizer : public FunctionPass {
136 MemorySanitizer() : FunctionPass(ID), TD(0), WarningFn(0) { }
137 const char *getPassName() const { return "MemorySanitizer"; }
138 bool runOnFunction(Function &F);
139 bool doInitialization(Module &M);
140 static char ID; // Pass identification, replacement for typeid.
143 void initializeCallbacks(Module &M);
149 /// \brief Thread-local shadow storage for function parameters.
150 GlobalVariable *ParamTLS;
151 /// \brief Thread-local origin storage for function parameters.
152 GlobalVariable *ParamOriginTLS;
153 /// \brief Thread-local shadow storage for function return value.
154 GlobalVariable *RetvalTLS;
155 /// \brief Thread-local origin storage for function return value.
156 GlobalVariable *RetvalOriginTLS;
157 /// \brief Thread-local shadow storage for in-register va_arg function
158 /// parameters (x86_64-specific).
159 GlobalVariable *VAArgTLS;
160 /// \brief Thread-local shadow storage for va_arg overflow area
161 /// (x86_64-specific).
162 GlobalVariable *VAArgOverflowSizeTLS;
163 /// \brief Thread-local space used to pass origin value to the UMR reporting
165 GlobalVariable *OriginTLS;
167 /// \brief The run-time callback to print a warning.
169 /// \brief Run-time helper that copies origin info for a memory range.
170 Value *MsanCopyOriginFn;
171 /// \brief Run-time helper that generates a new origin value for a stack
173 Value *MsanSetAllocaOriginFn;
174 /// \brief Run-time helper that poisons stack on function entry.
175 Value *MsanPoisonStackFn;
176 /// \brief MSan runtime replacements for memmove, memcpy and memset.
177 Value *MemmoveFn, *MemcpyFn, *MemsetFn;
179 /// \brief Address mask used in application-to-shadow address calculation.
180 /// ShadowAddr is computed as ApplicationAddr & ~ShadowMask.
182 /// \brief Offset of the origin shadow from the "normal" shadow.
183 /// OriginAddr is computed as (ShadowAddr + OriginOffset) & ~3ULL
184 uint64_t OriginOffset;
185 /// \brief Branch weights for error reporting.
186 MDNode *ColdCallWeights;
187 /// \brief Branch weights for origin store.
188 MDNode *OriginStoreWeights;
189 /// \brief The blacklist.
190 OwningPtr<BlackList> BL;
191 /// \brief An empty volatile inline asm that prevents callback merge.
194 friend struct MemorySanitizerVisitor;
195 friend struct VarArgAMD64Helper;
199 char MemorySanitizer::ID = 0;
200 INITIALIZE_PASS(MemorySanitizer, "msan",
201 "MemorySanitizer: detects uninitialized reads.",
204 FunctionPass *llvm::createMemorySanitizerPass() {
205 return new MemorySanitizer();
208 /// \brief Create a non-const global initialized with the given string.
210 /// Creates a writable global for Str so that we can pass it to the
211 /// run-time lib. Runtime uses first 4 bytes of the string to store the
212 /// frame ID, so the string needs to be mutable.
213 static GlobalVariable *createPrivateNonConstGlobalForString(Module &M,
215 Constant *StrConst = ConstantDataArray::getString(M.getContext(), Str);
216 return new GlobalVariable(M, StrConst->getType(), /*isConstant=*/false,
217 GlobalValue::PrivateLinkage, StrConst, "");
221 /// \brief Insert extern declaration of runtime-provided functions and globals.
222 void MemorySanitizer::initializeCallbacks(Module &M) {
223 // Only do this once.
228 // Create the callback.
229 // FIXME: this function should have "Cold" calling conv,
230 // which is not yet implemented.
231 StringRef WarningFnName = ClKeepGoing ? "__msan_warning"
232 : "__msan_warning_noreturn";
233 WarningFn = M.getOrInsertFunction(WarningFnName, IRB.getVoidTy(), NULL);
235 MsanCopyOriginFn = M.getOrInsertFunction(
236 "__msan_copy_origin", IRB.getVoidTy(), IRB.getInt8PtrTy(),
237 IRB.getInt8PtrTy(), IntptrTy, NULL);
238 MsanSetAllocaOriginFn = M.getOrInsertFunction(
239 "__msan_set_alloca_origin", IRB.getVoidTy(), IRB.getInt8PtrTy(), IntptrTy,
240 IRB.getInt8PtrTy(), NULL);
241 MsanPoisonStackFn = M.getOrInsertFunction(
242 "__msan_poison_stack", IRB.getVoidTy(), IRB.getInt8PtrTy(), IntptrTy, NULL);
243 MemmoveFn = M.getOrInsertFunction(
244 "__msan_memmove", IRB.getInt8PtrTy(), IRB.getInt8PtrTy(), IRB.getInt8PtrTy(),
246 MemcpyFn = M.getOrInsertFunction(
247 "__msan_memcpy", IRB.getInt8PtrTy(), IRB.getInt8PtrTy(), IRB.getInt8PtrTy(),
249 MemsetFn = M.getOrInsertFunction(
250 "__msan_memset", IRB.getInt8PtrTy(), IRB.getInt8PtrTy(), IRB.getInt32Ty(),
254 RetvalTLS = new GlobalVariable(
255 M, ArrayType::get(IRB.getInt64Ty(), 8), false,
256 GlobalVariable::ExternalLinkage, 0, "__msan_retval_tls", 0,
257 GlobalVariable::GeneralDynamicTLSModel);
258 RetvalOriginTLS = new GlobalVariable(
259 M, OriginTy, false, GlobalVariable::ExternalLinkage, 0,
260 "__msan_retval_origin_tls", 0, GlobalVariable::GeneralDynamicTLSModel);
262 ParamTLS = new GlobalVariable(
263 M, ArrayType::get(IRB.getInt64Ty(), 1000), false,
264 GlobalVariable::ExternalLinkage, 0, "__msan_param_tls", 0,
265 GlobalVariable::GeneralDynamicTLSModel);
266 ParamOriginTLS = new GlobalVariable(
267 M, ArrayType::get(OriginTy, 1000), false, GlobalVariable::ExternalLinkage,
268 0, "__msan_param_origin_tls", 0, GlobalVariable::GeneralDynamicTLSModel);
270 VAArgTLS = new GlobalVariable(
271 M, ArrayType::get(IRB.getInt64Ty(), 1000), false,
272 GlobalVariable::ExternalLinkage, 0, "__msan_va_arg_tls", 0,
273 GlobalVariable::GeneralDynamicTLSModel);
274 VAArgOverflowSizeTLS = new GlobalVariable(
275 M, IRB.getInt64Ty(), false, GlobalVariable::ExternalLinkage, 0,
276 "__msan_va_arg_overflow_size_tls", 0,
277 GlobalVariable::GeneralDynamicTLSModel);
278 OriginTLS = new GlobalVariable(
279 M, IRB.getInt32Ty(), false, GlobalVariable::ExternalLinkage, 0,
280 "__msan_origin_tls", 0, GlobalVariable::GeneralDynamicTLSModel);
282 // We insert an empty inline asm after __msan_report* to avoid callback merge.
283 EmptyAsm = InlineAsm::get(FunctionType::get(IRB.getVoidTy(), false),
284 StringRef(""), StringRef(""),
285 /*hasSideEffects=*/true);
288 /// \brief Module-level initialization.
290 /// inserts a call to __msan_init to the module's constructor list.
291 bool MemorySanitizer::doInitialization(Module &M) {
292 TD = getAnalysisIfAvailable<DataLayout>();
295 BL.reset(new BlackList(ClBlackListFile));
296 C = &(M.getContext());
297 unsigned PtrSize = TD->getPointerSizeInBits(/* AddressSpace */0);
300 ShadowMask = kShadowMask64;
301 OriginOffset = kOriginOffset64;
304 ShadowMask = kShadowMask32;
305 OriginOffset = kOriginOffset32;
308 report_fatal_error("unsupported pointer size");
313 IntptrTy = IRB.getIntPtrTy(TD);
314 OriginTy = IRB.getInt32Ty();
316 ColdCallWeights = MDBuilder(*C).createBranchWeights(1, 1000);
317 OriginStoreWeights = MDBuilder(*C).createBranchWeights(1, 1000);
319 // Insert a call to __msan_init/__msan_track_origins into the module's CTORs.
320 appendToGlobalCtors(M, cast<Function>(M.getOrInsertFunction(
321 "__msan_init", IRB.getVoidTy(), NULL)), 0);
323 new GlobalVariable(M, IRB.getInt32Ty(), true, GlobalValue::WeakODRLinkage,
324 IRB.getInt32(ClTrackOrigins), "__msan_track_origins");
331 /// \brief A helper class that handles instrumentation of VarArg
332 /// functions on a particular platform.
334 /// Implementations are expected to insert the instrumentation
335 /// necessary to propagate argument shadow through VarArg function
336 /// calls. Visit* methods are called during an InstVisitor pass over
337 /// the function, and should avoid creating new basic blocks. A new
338 /// instance of this class is created for each instrumented function.
339 struct VarArgHelper {
340 /// \brief Visit a CallSite.
341 virtual void visitCallSite(CallSite &CS, IRBuilder<> &IRB) = 0;
343 /// \brief Visit a va_start call.
344 virtual void visitVAStartInst(VAStartInst &I) = 0;
346 /// \brief Visit a va_copy call.
347 virtual void visitVACopyInst(VACopyInst &I) = 0;
349 /// \brief Finalize function instrumentation.
351 /// This method is called after visiting all interesting (see above)
352 /// instructions in a function.
353 virtual void finalizeInstrumentation() = 0;
355 virtual ~VarArgHelper() {}
358 struct MemorySanitizerVisitor;
361 CreateVarArgHelper(Function &Func, MemorySanitizer &Msan,
362 MemorySanitizerVisitor &Visitor);
364 /// This class does all the work for a given function. Store and Load
365 /// instructions store and load corresponding shadow and origin
366 /// values. Most instructions propagate shadow from arguments to their
367 /// return values. Certain instructions (most importantly, BranchInst)
368 /// test their argument shadow and print reports (with a runtime call) if it's
370 struct MemorySanitizerVisitor : public InstVisitor<MemorySanitizerVisitor> {
373 SmallVector<PHINode *, 16> ShadowPHINodes, OriginPHINodes;
374 ValueMap<Value*, Value*> ShadowMap, OriginMap;
376 OwningPtr<VarArgHelper> VAHelper;
378 // An unfortunate workaround for asymmetric lowering of va_arg stuff.
379 // See a comment in visitCallSite for more details.
380 static const unsigned AMD64GpEndOffset = 48; // AMD64 ABI Draft 0.99.6 p3.5.7
381 static const unsigned AMD64FpEndOffset = 176;
383 struct ShadowOriginAndInsertPoint {
386 Instruction *OrigIns;
387 ShadowOriginAndInsertPoint(Instruction *S, Instruction *O, Instruction *I)
388 : Shadow(S), Origin(O), OrigIns(I) { }
389 ShadowOriginAndInsertPoint() : Shadow(0), Origin(0), OrigIns(0) { }
391 SmallVector<ShadowOriginAndInsertPoint, 16> InstrumentationList;
392 SmallVector<Instruction*, 16> StoreList;
394 MemorySanitizerVisitor(Function &F, MemorySanitizer &MS)
395 : F(F), MS(MS), VAHelper(CreateVarArgHelper(F, MS, *this)) {
396 InsertChecks = !MS.BL->isIn(F);
397 DEBUG(if (!InsertChecks)
398 dbgs() << "MemorySanitizer is not inserting checks into '"
399 << F.getName() << "'\n");
402 void materializeStores() {
403 for (size_t i = 0, n = StoreList.size(); i < n; i++) {
404 StoreInst& I = *dyn_cast<StoreInst>(StoreList[i]);
407 Value *Val = I.getValueOperand();
408 Value *Addr = I.getPointerOperand();
409 Value *Shadow = getShadow(Val);
410 Value *ShadowPtr = getShadowPtr(Addr, Shadow->getType(), IRB);
412 StoreInst *NewSI = IRB.CreateAlignedStore(Shadow, ShadowPtr, I.getAlignment());
413 DEBUG(dbgs() << " STORE: " << *NewSI << "\n");
415 // If the store is volatile, add a check.
417 insertCheck(Val, &I);
418 if (ClCheckAccessAddress)
419 insertCheck(Addr, &I);
421 if (ClTrackOrigins) {
422 if (ClStoreCleanOrigin || isa<StructType>(Shadow->getType())) {
423 IRB.CreateAlignedStore(getOrigin(Val), getOriginPtr(Addr, IRB), I.getAlignment());
425 Value *ConvertedShadow = convertToShadowTyNoVec(Shadow, IRB);
427 Constant *Cst = dyn_cast_or_null<Constant>(ConvertedShadow);
428 // TODO(eugenis): handle non-zero constant shadow by inserting an
429 // unconditional check (can not simply fail compilation as this could
430 // be in the dead code).
434 Value *Cmp = IRB.CreateICmpNE(ConvertedShadow,
435 getCleanShadow(ConvertedShadow), "_mscmp");
436 Instruction *CheckTerm =
437 SplitBlockAndInsertIfThen(cast<Instruction>(Cmp), false, MS.OriginStoreWeights);
438 IRBuilder<> IRBNewBlock(CheckTerm);
439 IRBNewBlock.CreateAlignedStore(getOrigin(Val),
440 getOriginPtr(Addr, IRBNewBlock), I.getAlignment());
446 void materializeChecks() {
447 for (size_t i = 0, n = InstrumentationList.size(); i < n; i++) {
448 Instruction *Shadow = InstrumentationList[i].Shadow;
449 Instruction *OrigIns = InstrumentationList[i].OrigIns;
450 IRBuilder<> IRB(OrigIns);
451 DEBUG(dbgs() << " SHAD0 : " << *Shadow << "\n");
452 Value *ConvertedShadow = convertToShadowTyNoVec(Shadow, IRB);
453 DEBUG(dbgs() << " SHAD1 : " << *ConvertedShadow << "\n");
454 Value *Cmp = IRB.CreateICmpNE(ConvertedShadow,
455 getCleanShadow(ConvertedShadow), "_mscmp");
456 Instruction *CheckTerm =
457 SplitBlockAndInsertIfThen(cast<Instruction>(Cmp),
458 /* Unreachable */ !ClKeepGoing,
461 IRB.SetInsertPoint(CheckTerm);
462 if (ClTrackOrigins) {
463 Instruction *Origin = InstrumentationList[i].Origin;
464 IRB.CreateStore(Origin ? (Value*)Origin : (Value*)IRB.getInt32(0),
467 CallInst *Call = IRB.CreateCall(MS.WarningFn);
468 Call->setDebugLoc(OrigIns->getDebugLoc());
469 IRB.CreateCall(MS.EmptyAsm);
470 DEBUG(dbgs() << " CHECK: " << *Cmp << "\n");
472 DEBUG(dbgs() << "DONE:\n" << F);
475 /// \brief Add MemorySanitizer instrumentation to a function.
476 bool runOnFunction() {
477 MS.initializeCallbacks(*F.getParent());
478 if (!MS.TD) return false;
479 // Iterate all BBs in depth-first order and create shadow instructions
480 // for all instructions (where applicable).
481 // For PHI nodes we create dummy shadow PHIs which will be finalized later.
482 for (df_iterator<BasicBlock*> DI = df_begin(&F.getEntryBlock()),
483 DE = df_end(&F.getEntryBlock()); DI != DE; ++DI) {
484 BasicBlock *BB = *DI;
488 // Finalize PHI nodes.
489 for (size_t i = 0, n = ShadowPHINodes.size(); i < n; i++) {
490 PHINode *PN = ShadowPHINodes[i];
491 PHINode *PNS = cast<PHINode>(getShadow(PN));
492 PHINode *PNO = ClTrackOrigins ? cast<PHINode>(getOrigin(PN)) : 0;
493 size_t NumValues = PN->getNumIncomingValues();
494 for (size_t v = 0; v < NumValues; v++) {
495 PNS->addIncoming(getShadow(PN, v), PN->getIncomingBlock(v));
497 PNO->addIncoming(getOrigin(PN, v), PN->getIncomingBlock(v));
501 VAHelper->finalizeInstrumentation();
503 // Delayed instrumentation of StoreInst.
504 // This may add new checks to be inserted later.
507 // Insert shadow value checks.
513 /// \brief Compute the shadow type that corresponds to a given Value.
514 Type *getShadowTy(Value *V) {
515 return getShadowTy(V->getType());
518 /// \brief Compute the shadow type that corresponds to a given Type.
519 Type *getShadowTy(Type *OrigTy) {
520 if (!OrigTy->isSized()) {
523 // For integer type, shadow is the same as the original type.
524 // This may return weird-sized types like i1.
525 if (IntegerType *IT = dyn_cast<IntegerType>(OrigTy))
527 if (VectorType *VT = dyn_cast<VectorType>(OrigTy))
528 return VectorType::getInteger(VT);
529 if (StructType *ST = dyn_cast<StructType>(OrigTy)) {
530 SmallVector<Type*, 4> Elements;
531 for (unsigned i = 0, n = ST->getNumElements(); i < n; i++)
532 Elements.push_back(getShadowTy(ST->getElementType(i)));
533 StructType *Res = StructType::get(*MS.C, Elements, ST->isPacked());
534 DEBUG(dbgs() << "getShadowTy: " << *ST << " ===> " << *Res << "\n");
537 uint32_t TypeSize = MS.TD->getTypeStoreSizeInBits(OrigTy);
538 return IntegerType::get(*MS.C, TypeSize);
541 /// \brief Flatten a vector type.
542 Type *getShadowTyNoVec(Type *ty) {
543 if (VectorType *vt = dyn_cast<VectorType>(ty))
544 return IntegerType::get(*MS.C, vt->getBitWidth());
548 /// \brief Convert a shadow value to it's flattened variant.
549 Value *convertToShadowTyNoVec(Value *V, IRBuilder<> &IRB) {
550 Type *Ty = V->getType();
551 Type *NoVecTy = getShadowTyNoVec(Ty);
552 if (Ty == NoVecTy) return V;
553 return IRB.CreateBitCast(V, NoVecTy);
556 /// \brief Compute the shadow address that corresponds to a given application
559 /// Shadow = Addr & ~ShadowMask.
560 Value *getShadowPtr(Value *Addr, Type *ShadowTy,
563 IRB.CreateAnd(IRB.CreatePointerCast(Addr, MS.IntptrTy),
564 ConstantInt::get(MS.IntptrTy, ~MS.ShadowMask));
565 return IRB.CreateIntToPtr(ShadowLong, PointerType::get(ShadowTy, 0));
568 /// \brief Compute the origin address that corresponds to a given application
571 /// OriginAddr = (ShadowAddr + OriginOffset) & ~3ULL
572 Value *getOriginPtr(Value *Addr, IRBuilder<> &IRB) {
574 IRB.CreateAnd(IRB.CreatePointerCast(Addr, MS.IntptrTy),
575 ConstantInt::get(MS.IntptrTy, ~MS.ShadowMask));
577 IRB.CreateAdd(ShadowLong,
578 ConstantInt::get(MS.IntptrTy, MS.OriginOffset));
580 IRB.CreateAnd(Add, ConstantInt::get(MS.IntptrTy, ~3ULL));
581 return IRB.CreateIntToPtr(SecondAnd, PointerType::get(IRB.getInt32Ty(), 0));
584 /// \brief Compute the shadow address for a given function argument.
586 /// Shadow = ParamTLS+ArgOffset.
587 Value *getShadowPtrForArgument(Value *A, IRBuilder<> &IRB,
589 Value *Base = IRB.CreatePointerCast(MS.ParamTLS, MS.IntptrTy);
590 Base = IRB.CreateAdd(Base, ConstantInt::get(MS.IntptrTy, ArgOffset));
591 return IRB.CreateIntToPtr(Base, PointerType::get(getShadowTy(A), 0),
595 /// \brief Compute the origin address for a given function argument.
596 Value *getOriginPtrForArgument(Value *A, IRBuilder<> &IRB,
598 if (!ClTrackOrigins) return 0;
599 Value *Base = IRB.CreatePointerCast(MS.ParamOriginTLS, MS.IntptrTy);
600 Base = IRB.CreateAdd(Base, ConstantInt::get(MS.IntptrTy, ArgOffset));
601 return IRB.CreateIntToPtr(Base, PointerType::get(MS.OriginTy, 0),
605 /// \brief Compute the shadow address for a retval.
606 Value *getShadowPtrForRetval(Value *A, IRBuilder<> &IRB) {
607 Value *Base = IRB.CreatePointerCast(MS.RetvalTLS, MS.IntptrTy);
608 return IRB.CreateIntToPtr(Base, PointerType::get(getShadowTy(A), 0),
612 /// \brief Compute the origin address for a retval.
613 Value *getOriginPtrForRetval(IRBuilder<> &IRB) {
614 // We keep a single origin for the entire retval. Might be too optimistic.
615 return MS.RetvalOriginTLS;
618 /// \brief Set SV to be the shadow value for V.
619 void setShadow(Value *V, Value *SV) {
620 assert(!ShadowMap.count(V) && "Values may only have one shadow");
624 /// \brief Set Origin to be the origin value for V.
625 void setOrigin(Value *V, Value *Origin) {
626 if (!ClTrackOrigins) return;
627 assert(!OriginMap.count(V) && "Values may only have one origin");
628 DEBUG(dbgs() << "ORIGIN: " << *V << " ==> " << *Origin << "\n");
629 OriginMap[V] = Origin;
632 /// \brief Create a clean shadow value for a given value.
634 /// Clean shadow (all zeroes) means all bits of the value are defined
636 Value *getCleanShadow(Value *V) {
637 Type *ShadowTy = getShadowTy(V);
640 return Constant::getNullValue(ShadowTy);
643 /// \brief Create a dirty shadow of a given shadow type.
644 Constant *getPoisonedShadow(Type *ShadowTy) {
646 if (isa<IntegerType>(ShadowTy) || isa<VectorType>(ShadowTy))
647 return Constant::getAllOnesValue(ShadowTy);
648 StructType *ST = cast<StructType>(ShadowTy);
649 SmallVector<Constant *, 4> Vals;
650 for (unsigned i = 0, n = ST->getNumElements(); i < n; i++)
651 Vals.push_back(getPoisonedShadow(ST->getElementType(i)));
652 return ConstantStruct::get(ST, Vals);
655 /// \brief Create a clean (zero) origin.
656 Value *getCleanOrigin() {
657 return Constant::getNullValue(MS.OriginTy);
660 /// \brief Get the shadow value for a given Value.
662 /// This function either returns the value set earlier with setShadow,
663 /// or extracts if from ParamTLS (for function arguments).
664 Value *getShadow(Value *V) {
665 if (Instruction *I = dyn_cast<Instruction>(V)) {
666 // For instructions the shadow is already stored in the map.
667 Value *Shadow = ShadowMap[V];
669 DEBUG(dbgs() << "No shadow: " << *V << "\n" << *(I->getParent()));
671 assert(Shadow && "No shadow for a value");
675 if (UndefValue *U = dyn_cast<UndefValue>(V)) {
676 Value *AllOnes = getPoisonedShadow(getShadowTy(V));
677 DEBUG(dbgs() << "Undef: " << *U << " ==> " << *AllOnes << "\n");
681 if (Argument *A = dyn_cast<Argument>(V)) {
682 // For arguments we compute the shadow on demand and store it in the map.
683 Value **ShadowPtr = &ShadowMap[V];
686 Function *F = A->getParent();
687 IRBuilder<> EntryIRB(F->getEntryBlock().getFirstNonPHI());
688 unsigned ArgOffset = 0;
689 for (Function::arg_iterator AI = F->arg_begin(), AE = F->arg_end();
691 if (!AI->getType()->isSized()) {
692 DEBUG(dbgs() << "Arg is not sized\n");
695 unsigned Size = AI->hasByValAttr()
696 ? MS.TD->getTypeAllocSize(AI->getType()->getPointerElementType())
697 : MS.TD->getTypeAllocSize(AI->getType());
699 Value *Base = getShadowPtrForArgument(AI, EntryIRB, ArgOffset);
700 if (AI->hasByValAttr()) {
701 // ByVal pointer itself has clean shadow. We copy the actual
702 // argument shadow to the underlying memory.
703 Value *Cpy = EntryIRB.CreateMemCpy(
704 getShadowPtr(V, EntryIRB.getInt8Ty(), EntryIRB),
705 Base, Size, AI->getParamAlignment());
706 DEBUG(dbgs() << " ByValCpy: " << *Cpy << "\n");
708 *ShadowPtr = getCleanShadow(V);
710 *ShadowPtr = EntryIRB.CreateLoad(Base);
712 DEBUG(dbgs() << " ARG: " << *AI << " ==> " <<
713 **ShadowPtr << "\n");
714 if (ClTrackOrigins) {
715 Value* OriginPtr = getOriginPtrForArgument(AI, EntryIRB, ArgOffset);
716 setOrigin(A, EntryIRB.CreateLoad(OriginPtr));
719 ArgOffset += DataLayout::RoundUpAlignment(Size, 8);
721 assert(*ShadowPtr && "Could not find shadow for an argument");
724 // For everything else the shadow is zero.
725 return getCleanShadow(V);
728 /// \brief Get the shadow for i-th argument of the instruction I.
729 Value *getShadow(Instruction *I, int i) {
730 return getShadow(I->getOperand(i));
733 /// \brief Get the origin for a value.
734 Value *getOrigin(Value *V) {
735 if (!ClTrackOrigins) return 0;
736 if (isa<Instruction>(V) || isa<Argument>(V)) {
737 Value *Origin = OriginMap[V];
739 DEBUG(dbgs() << "NO ORIGIN: " << *V << "\n");
740 Origin = getCleanOrigin();
744 return getCleanOrigin();
747 /// \brief Get the origin for i-th argument of the instruction I.
748 Value *getOrigin(Instruction *I, int i) {
749 return getOrigin(I->getOperand(i));
752 /// \brief Remember the place where a shadow check should be inserted.
754 /// This location will be later instrumented with a check that will print a
755 /// UMR warning in runtime if the value is not fully defined.
756 void insertCheck(Value *Val, Instruction *OrigIns) {
758 if (!InsertChecks) return;
759 Instruction *Shadow = dyn_cast_or_null<Instruction>(getShadow(Val));
762 Type *ShadowTy = Shadow->getType();
763 assert((isa<IntegerType>(ShadowTy) || isa<VectorType>(ShadowTy)) &&
764 "Can only insert checks for integer and vector shadow types");
766 Instruction *Origin = dyn_cast_or_null<Instruction>(getOrigin(Val));
767 InstrumentationList.push_back(
768 ShadowOriginAndInsertPoint(Shadow, Origin, OrigIns));
771 //------------------- Visitors.
773 /// \brief Instrument LoadInst
775 /// Loads the corresponding shadow and (optionally) origin.
776 /// Optionally, checks that the load address is fully defined.
777 void visitLoadInst(LoadInst &I) {
778 assert(I.getType()->isSized() && "Load type must have size");
780 Type *ShadowTy = getShadowTy(&I);
781 Value *Addr = I.getPointerOperand();
782 Value *ShadowPtr = getShadowPtr(Addr, ShadowTy, IRB);
783 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateAlignedLoad(ShadowPtr, I.getAlignment(), "_msld"));
785 if (ClCheckAccessAddress)
786 insertCheck(I.getPointerOperand(), &I);
789 setOrigin(&I, IRB.CreateAlignedLoad(getOriginPtr(Addr, IRB), I.getAlignment()));
792 /// \brief Instrument StoreInst
794 /// Stores the corresponding shadow and (optionally) origin.
795 /// Optionally, checks that the store address is fully defined.
796 /// Volatile stores check that the value being stored is fully defined.
797 void visitStoreInst(StoreInst &I) {
798 StoreList.push_back(&I);
801 // Vector manipulation.
802 void visitExtractElementInst(ExtractElementInst &I) {
803 insertCheck(I.getOperand(1), &I);
805 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateExtractElement(getShadow(&I, 0), I.getOperand(1),
807 setOrigin(&I, getOrigin(&I, 0));
810 void visitInsertElementInst(InsertElementInst &I) {
811 insertCheck(I.getOperand(2), &I);
813 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateInsertElement(getShadow(&I, 0), getShadow(&I, 1),
814 I.getOperand(2), "_msprop"));
815 setOriginForNaryOp(I);
818 void visitShuffleVectorInst(ShuffleVectorInst &I) {
819 insertCheck(I.getOperand(2), &I);
821 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateShuffleVector(getShadow(&I, 0), getShadow(&I, 1),
822 I.getOperand(2), "_msprop"));
823 setOriginForNaryOp(I);
827 void visitSExtInst(SExtInst &I) {
829 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateSExt(getShadow(&I, 0), I.getType(), "_msprop"));
830 setOrigin(&I, getOrigin(&I, 0));
833 void visitZExtInst(ZExtInst &I) {
835 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateZExt(getShadow(&I, 0), I.getType(), "_msprop"));
836 setOrigin(&I, getOrigin(&I, 0));
839 void visitTruncInst(TruncInst &I) {
841 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateTrunc(getShadow(&I, 0), I.getType(), "_msprop"));
842 setOrigin(&I, getOrigin(&I, 0));
845 void visitBitCastInst(BitCastInst &I) {
847 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateBitCast(getShadow(&I, 0), getShadowTy(&I)));
848 setOrigin(&I, getOrigin(&I, 0));
851 void visitPtrToIntInst(PtrToIntInst &I) {
853 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateIntCast(getShadow(&I, 0), getShadowTy(&I), false,
854 "_msprop_ptrtoint"));
855 setOrigin(&I, getOrigin(&I, 0));
858 void visitIntToPtrInst(IntToPtrInst &I) {
860 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateIntCast(getShadow(&I, 0), getShadowTy(&I), false,
861 "_msprop_inttoptr"));
862 setOrigin(&I, getOrigin(&I, 0));
865 void visitFPToSIInst(CastInst& I) { handleShadowOr(I); }
866 void visitFPToUIInst(CastInst& I) { handleShadowOr(I); }
867 void visitSIToFPInst(CastInst& I) { handleShadowOr(I); }
868 void visitUIToFPInst(CastInst& I) { handleShadowOr(I); }
869 void visitFPExtInst(CastInst& I) { handleShadowOr(I); }
870 void visitFPTruncInst(CastInst& I) { handleShadowOr(I); }
872 /// \brief Propagate shadow for bitwise AND.
874 /// This code is exact, i.e. if, for example, a bit in the left argument
875 /// is defined and 0, then neither the value not definedness of the
876 /// corresponding bit in B don't affect the resulting shadow.
877 void visitAnd(BinaryOperator &I) {
879 // "And" of 0 and a poisoned value results in unpoisoned value.
880 // 1&1 => 1; 0&1 => 0; p&1 => p;
881 // 1&0 => 0; 0&0 => 0; p&0 => 0;
882 // 1&p => p; 0&p => 0; p&p => p;
883 // S = (S1 & S2) | (V1 & S2) | (S1 & V2)
884 Value *S1 = getShadow(&I, 0);
885 Value *S2 = getShadow(&I, 1);
886 Value *V1 = I.getOperand(0);
887 Value *V2 = I.getOperand(1);
888 if (V1->getType() != S1->getType()) {
889 V1 = IRB.CreateIntCast(V1, S1->getType(), false);
890 V2 = IRB.CreateIntCast(V2, S2->getType(), false);
892 Value *S1S2 = IRB.CreateAnd(S1, S2);
893 Value *V1S2 = IRB.CreateAnd(V1, S2);
894 Value *S1V2 = IRB.CreateAnd(S1, V2);
895 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateOr(S1S2, IRB.CreateOr(V1S2, S1V2)));
896 setOriginForNaryOp(I);
899 void visitOr(BinaryOperator &I) {
901 // "Or" of 1 and a poisoned value results in unpoisoned value.
902 // 1|1 => 1; 0|1 => 1; p|1 => 1;
903 // 1|0 => 1; 0|0 => 0; p|0 => p;
904 // 1|p => 1; 0|p => p; p|p => p;
905 // S = (S1 & S2) | (~V1 & S2) | (S1 & ~V2)
906 Value *S1 = getShadow(&I, 0);
907 Value *S2 = getShadow(&I, 1);
908 Value *V1 = IRB.CreateNot(I.getOperand(0));
909 Value *V2 = IRB.CreateNot(I.getOperand(1));
910 if (V1->getType() != S1->getType()) {
911 V1 = IRB.CreateIntCast(V1, S1->getType(), false);
912 V2 = IRB.CreateIntCast(V2, S2->getType(), false);
914 Value *S1S2 = IRB.CreateAnd(S1, S2);
915 Value *V1S2 = IRB.CreateAnd(V1, S2);
916 Value *S1V2 = IRB.CreateAnd(S1, V2);
917 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateOr(S1S2, IRB.CreateOr(V1S2, S1V2)));
918 setOriginForNaryOp(I);
921 /// \brief Propagate origin for an instruction.
923 /// This is a general case of origin propagation. For an Nary operation,
924 /// is set to the origin of an argument that is not entirely initialized.
925 /// If there is more than one such arguments, the rightmost of them is picked.
926 /// It does not matter which one is picked if all arguments are initialized.
927 void setOriginForNaryOp(Instruction &I) {
928 if (!ClTrackOrigins) return;
930 Value *Origin = getOrigin(&I, 0);
931 for (unsigned Op = 1, n = I.getNumOperands(); Op < n; ++Op) {
932 Value *S = convertToShadowTyNoVec(getShadow(&I, Op), IRB);
933 Origin = IRB.CreateSelect(IRB.CreateICmpNE(S, getCleanShadow(S)),
934 getOrigin(&I, Op), Origin);
936 setOrigin(&I, Origin);
939 /// \brief Propagate shadow for a binary operation.
941 /// Shadow = Shadow0 | Shadow1, all 3 must have the same type.
942 /// Bitwise OR is selected as an operation that will never lose even a bit of
944 void handleShadowOrBinary(Instruction &I) {
946 Value *Shadow0 = getShadow(&I, 0);
947 Value *Shadow1 = getShadow(&I, 1);
948 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateOr(Shadow0, Shadow1, "_msprop"));
949 setOriginForNaryOp(I);
952 /// \brief Propagate shadow for arbitrary operation.
954 /// This is a general case of shadow propagation, used in all cases where we
955 /// don't know and/or care about what the operation actually does.
956 /// It converts all input shadow values to a common type (extending or
957 /// truncating as necessary), and bitwise OR's them.
959 /// This is much cheaper than inserting checks (i.e. requiring inputs to be
960 /// fully initialized), and less prone to false positives.
961 // FIXME: is the casting actually correct?
962 // FIXME: merge this with handleShadowOrBinary.
963 void handleShadowOr(Instruction &I) {
965 Value *Shadow = getShadow(&I, 0);
966 for (unsigned Op = 1, n = I.getNumOperands(); Op < n; ++Op)
967 Shadow = IRB.CreateOr(
968 Shadow, IRB.CreateIntCast(getShadow(&I, Op), Shadow->getType(), false),
970 Shadow = IRB.CreateIntCast(Shadow, getShadowTy(&I), false);
971 setShadow(&I, Shadow);
972 setOriginForNaryOp(I);
975 void visitFAdd(BinaryOperator &I) { handleShadowOrBinary(I); }
976 void visitFSub(BinaryOperator &I) { handleShadowOrBinary(I); }
977 void visitFMul(BinaryOperator &I) { handleShadowOrBinary(I); }
978 void visitAdd(BinaryOperator &I) { handleShadowOrBinary(I); }
979 void visitSub(BinaryOperator &I) { handleShadowOrBinary(I); }
980 void visitXor(BinaryOperator &I) { handleShadowOrBinary(I); }
981 void visitMul(BinaryOperator &I) { handleShadowOrBinary(I); }
983 void handleDiv(Instruction &I) {
985 // Strict on the second argument.
986 insertCheck(I.getOperand(1), &I);
987 setShadow(&I, getShadow(&I, 0));
988 setOrigin(&I, getOrigin(&I, 0));
991 void visitUDiv(BinaryOperator &I) { handleDiv(I); }
992 void visitSDiv(BinaryOperator &I) { handleDiv(I); }
993 void visitFDiv(BinaryOperator &I) { handleDiv(I); }
994 void visitURem(BinaryOperator &I) { handleDiv(I); }
995 void visitSRem(BinaryOperator &I) { handleDiv(I); }
996 void visitFRem(BinaryOperator &I) { handleDiv(I); }
998 /// \brief Instrument == and != comparisons.
1000 /// Sometimes the comparison result is known even if some of the bits of the
1001 /// arguments are not.
1002 void handleEqualityComparison(ICmpInst &I) {
1003 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1004 Value *A = I.getOperand(0);
1005 Value *B = I.getOperand(1);
1006 Value *Sa = getShadow(A);
1007 Value *Sb = getShadow(B);
1008 if (A->getType()->isPointerTy())
1009 A = IRB.CreatePointerCast(A, MS.IntptrTy);
1010 if (B->getType()->isPointerTy())
1011 B = IRB.CreatePointerCast(B, MS.IntptrTy);
1012 // A == B <==> (C = A^B) == 0
1013 // A != B <==> (C = A^B) != 0
1015 Value *C = IRB.CreateXor(A, B);
1016 Value *Sc = IRB.CreateOr(Sa, Sb);
1017 // Now dealing with i = (C == 0) comparison (or C != 0, does not matter now)
1018 // Result is defined if one of the following is true
1019 // * there is a defined 1 bit in C
1020 // * C is fully defined
1021 // Si = !(C & ~Sc) && Sc
1022 Value *Zero = Constant::getNullValue(Sc->getType());
1023 Value *MinusOne = Constant::getAllOnesValue(Sc->getType());
1025 IRB.CreateAnd(IRB.CreateICmpNE(Sc, Zero),
1027 IRB.CreateAnd(IRB.CreateXor(Sc, MinusOne), C), Zero));
1028 Si->setName("_msprop_icmp");
1030 setOriginForNaryOp(I);
1033 /// \brief Instrument signed relational comparisons.
1035 /// Handle (x<0) and (x>=0) comparisons (essentially, sign bit tests) by
1036 /// propagating the highest bit of the shadow. Everything else is delegated
1037 /// to handleShadowOr().
1038 void handleSignedRelationalComparison(ICmpInst &I) {
1039 Constant *constOp0 = dyn_cast<Constant>(I.getOperand(0));
1040 Constant *constOp1 = dyn_cast<Constant>(I.getOperand(1));
1042 CmpInst::Predicate pre = I.getPredicate();
1043 if (constOp0 && constOp0->isNullValue() &&
1044 (pre == CmpInst::ICMP_SGT || pre == CmpInst::ICMP_SLE)) {
1045 op = I.getOperand(1);
1046 } else if (constOp1 && constOp1->isNullValue() &&
1047 (pre == CmpInst::ICMP_SLT || pre == CmpInst::ICMP_SGE)) {
1048 op = I.getOperand(0);
1051 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1053 IRB.CreateICmpSLT(getShadow(op), getCleanShadow(op), "_msprop_icmpslt");
1054 setShadow(&I, Shadow);
1055 setOrigin(&I, getOrigin(op));
1061 void visitICmpInst(ICmpInst &I) {
1062 if (ClHandleICmp && I.isEquality())
1063 handleEqualityComparison(I);
1064 else if (ClHandleICmp && I.isSigned() && I.isRelational())
1065 handleSignedRelationalComparison(I);
1070 void visitFCmpInst(FCmpInst &I) {
1074 void handleShift(BinaryOperator &I) {
1075 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1076 // If any of the S2 bits are poisoned, the whole thing is poisoned.
1077 // Otherwise perform the same shift on S1.
1078 Value *S1 = getShadow(&I, 0);
1079 Value *S2 = getShadow(&I, 1);
1080 Value *S2Conv = IRB.CreateSExt(IRB.CreateICmpNE(S2, getCleanShadow(S2)),
1082 Value *V2 = I.getOperand(1);
1083 Value *Shift = IRB.CreateBinOp(I.getOpcode(), S1, V2);
1084 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateOr(Shift, S2Conv));
1085 setOriginForNaryOp(I);
1088 void visitShl(BinaryOperator &I) { handleShift(I); }
1089 void visitAShr(BinaryOperator &I) { handleShift(I); }
1090 void visitLShr(BinaryOperator &I) { handleShift(I); }
1092 /// \brief Instrument llvm.memmove
1094 /// At this point we don't know if llvm.memmove will be inlined or not.
1095 /// If we don't instrument it and it gets inlined,
1096 /// our interceptor will not kick in and we will lose the memmove.
1097 /// If we instrument the call here, but it does not get inlined,
1098 /// we will memove the shadow twice: which is bad in case
1099 /// of overlapping regions. So, we simply lower the intrinsic to a call.
1101 /// Similar situation exists for memcpy and memset.
1102 void visitMemMoveInst(MemMoveInst &I) {
1103 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1106 IRB.CreatePointerCast(I.getArgOperand(0), IRB.getInt8PtrTy()),
1107 IRB.CreatePointerCast(I.getArgOperand(1), IRB.getInt8PtrTy()),
1108 IRB.CreateIntCast(I.getArgOperand(2), MS.IntptrTy, false));
1109 I.eraseFromParent();
1112 // Similar to memmove: avoid copying shadow twice.
1113 // This is somewhat unfortunate as it may slowdown small constant memcpys.
1114 // FIXME: consider doing manual inline for small constant sizes and proper
1116 void visitMemCpyInst(MemCpyInst &I) {
1117 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1120 IRB.CreatePointerCast(I.getArgOperand(0), IRB.getInt8PtrTy()),
1121 IRB.CreatePointerCast(I.getArgOperand(1), IRB.getInt8PtrTy()),
1122 IRB.CreateIntCast(I.getArgOperand(2), MS.IntptrTy, false));
1123 I.eraseFromParent();
1127 void visitMemSetInst(MemSetInst &I) {
1128 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1131 IRB.CreatePointerCast(I.getArgOperand(0), IRB.getInt8PtrTy()),
1132 IRB.CreateIntCast(I.getArgOperand(1), IRB.getInt32Ty(), false),
1133 IRB.CreateIntCast(I.getArgOperand(2), MS.IntptrTy, false));
1134 I.eraseFromParent();
1137 void visitVAStartInst(VAStartInst &I) {
1138 VAHelper->visitVAStartInst(I);
1141 void visitVACopyInst(VACopyInst &I) {
1142 VAHelper->visitVACopyInst(I);
1145 void handleBswap(IntrinsicInst &I) {
1146 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1147 Value *Op = I.getArgOperand(0);
1148 Type *OpType = Op->getType();
1149 Function *BswapFunc = Intrinsic::getDeclaration(
1150 F.getParent(), Intrinsic::bswap, ArrayRef<Type*>(&OpType, 1));
1151 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateCall(BswapFunc, getShadow(Op)));
1152 setOrigin(&I, getOrigin(Op));
1155 void visitIntrinsicInst(IntrinsicInst &I) {
1156 switch (I.getIntrinsicID()) {
1157 case llvm::Intrinsic::bswap:
1158 handleBswap(I); break;
1160 visitInstruction(I); break;
1164 void visitCallSite(CallSite CS) {
1165 Instruction &I = *CS.getInstruction();
1166 assert((CS.isCall() || CS.isInvoke()) && "Unknown type of CallSite");
1168 CallInst *Call = cast<CallInst>(&I);
1170 // For inline asm, do the usual thing: check argument shadow and mark all
1171 // outputs as clean. Note that any side effects of the inline asm that are
1172 // not immediately visible in its constraints are not handled.
1173 if (Call->isInlineAsm()) {
1174 visitInstruction(I);
1178 // Allow only tail calls with the same types, otherwise
1179 // we may have a false positive: shadow for a non-void RetVal
1180 // will get propagated to a void RetVal.
1181 if (Call->isTailCall() && Call->getType() != Call->getParent()->getType())
1182 Call->setTailCall(false);
1184 assert(!isa<IntrinsicInst>(&I) && "intrinsics are handled elsewhere");
1186 // We are going to insert code that relies on the fact that the callee
1187 // will become a non-readonly function after it is instrumented by us. To
1188 // prevent this code from being optimized out, mark that function
1189 // non-readonly in advance.
1190 if (Function *Func = Call->getCalledFunction()) {
1191 // Clear out readonly/readnone attributes.
1193 B.addAttribute(Attributes::ReadOnly)
1194 .addAttribute(Attributes::ReadNone);
1195 Func->removeAttribute(AttributeSet::FunctionIndex,
1196 Attributes::get(Func->getContext(), B));
1199 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1200 unsigned ArgOffset = 0;
1201 DEBUG(dbgs() << " CallSite: " << I << "\n");
1202 for (CallSite::arg_iterator ArgIt = CS.arg_begin(), End = CS.arg_end();
1203 ArgIt != End; ++ArgIt) {
1205 unsigned i = ArgIt - CS.arg_begin();
1206 if (!A->getType()->isSized()) {
1207 DEBUG(dbgs() << "Arg " << i << " is not sized: " << I << "\n");
1212 // Compute the Shadow for arg even if it is ByVal, because
1213 // in that case getShadow() will copy the actual arg shadow to
1214 // __msan_param_tls.
1215 Value *ArgShadow = getShadow(A);
1216 Value *ArgShadowBase = getShadowPtrForArgument(A, IRB, ArgOffset);
1217 DEBUG(dbgs() << " Arg#" << i << ": " << *A <<
1218 " Shadow: " << *ArgShadow << "\n");
1219 if (CS.paramHasAttr(i + 1, Attributes::ByVal)) {
1220 assert(A->getType()->isPointerTy() &&
1221 "ByVal argument is not a pointer!");
1222 Size = MS.TD->getTypeAllocSize(A->getType()->getPointerElementType());
1223 unsigned Alignment = CS.getParamAlignment(i + 1);
1224 Store = IRB.CreateMemCpy(ArgShadowBase,
1225 getShadowPtr(A, Type::getInt8Ty(*MS.C), IRB),
1228 Size = MS.TD->getTypeAllocSize(A->getType());
1229 Store = IRB.CreateStore(ArgShadow, ArgShadowBase);
1232 IRB.CreateStore(getOrigin(A),
1233 getOriginPtrForArgument(A, IRB, ArgOffset));
1234 assert(Size != 0 && Store != 0);
1235 DEBUG(dbgs() << " Param:" << *Store << "\n");
1236 ArgOffset += DataLayout::RoundUpAlignment(Size, 8);
1238 DEBUG(dbgs() << " done with call args\n");
1241 cast<FunctionType>(CS.getCalledValue()->getType()-> getContainedType(0));
1242 if (FT->isVarArg()) {
1243 VAHelper->visitCallSite(CS, IRB);
1246 // Now, get the shadow for the RetVal.
1247 if (!I.getType()->isSized()) return;
1248 IRBuilder<> IRBBefore(&I);
1249 // Untill we have full dynamic coverage, make sure the retval shadow is 0.
1250 Value *Base = getShadowPtrForRetval(&I, IRBBefore);
1251 IRBBefore.CreateStore(getCleanShadow(&I), Base);
1252 Instruction *NextInsn = 0;
1254 NextInsn = I.getNextNode();
1256 BasicBlock *NormalDest = cast<InvokeInst>(&I)->getNormalDest();
1257 if (!NormalDest->getSinglePredecessor()) {
1258 // FIXME: this case is tricky, so we are just conservative here.
1259 // Perhaps we need to split the edge between this BB and NormalDest,
1260 // but a naive attempt to use SplitEdge leads to a crash.
1261 setShadow(&I, getCleanShadow(&I));
1262 setOrigin(&I, getCleanOrigin());
1265 NextInsn = NormalDest->getFirstInsertionPt();
1267 "Could not find insertion point for retval shadow load");
1269 IRBuilder<> IRBAfter(NextInsn);
1270 setShadow(&I, IRBAfter.CreateLoad(getShadowPtrForRetval(&I, IRBAfter),
1273 setOrigin(&I, IRBAfter.CreateLoad(getOriginPtrForRetval(IRBAfter)));
1276 void visitReturnInst(ReturnInst &I) {
1277 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1278 if (Value *RetVal = I.getReturnValue()) {
1279 // Set the shadow for the RetVal.
1280 Value *Shadow = getShadow(RetVal);
1281 Value *ShadowPtr = getShadowPtrForRetval(RetVal, IRB);
1282 DEBUG(dbgs() << "Return: " << *Shadow << "\n" << *ShadowPtr << "\n");
1283 IRB.CreateStore(Shadow, ShadowPtr);
1285 IRB.CreateStore(getOrigin(RetVal), getOriginPtrForRetval(IRB));
1289 void visitPHINode(PHINode &I) {
1290 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1291 ShadowPHINodes.push_back(&I);
1292 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreatePHI(getShadowTy(&I), I.getNumIncomingValues(),
1295 setOrigin(&I, IRB.CreatePHI(MS.OriginTy, I.getNumIncomingValues(),
1299 void visitAllocaInst(AllocaInst &I) {
1300 setShadow(&I, getCleanShadow(&I));
1301 if (!ClPoisonStack) return;
1302 IRBuilder<> IRB(I.getNextNode());
1303 uint64_t Size = MS.TD->getTypeAllocSize(I.getAllocatedType());
1304 if (ClPoisonStackWithCall) {
1305 IRB.CreateCall2(MS.MsanPoisonStackFn,
1306 IRB.CreatePointerCast(&I, IRB.getInt8PtrTy()),
1307 ConstantInt::get(MS.IntptrTy, Size));
1309 Value *ShadowBase = getShadowPtr(&I, Type::getInt8PtrTy(*MS.C), IRB);
1310 IRB.CreateMemSet(ShadowBase, IRB.getInt8(ClPoisonStackPattern),
1311 Size, I.getAlignment());
1314 if (ClTrackOrigins) {
1315 setOrigin(&I, getCleanOrigin());
1316 SmallString<2048> StackDescriptionStorage;
1317 raw_svector_ostream StackDescription(StackDescriptionStorage);
1318 // We create a string with a description of the stack allocation and
1319 // pass it into __msan_set_alloca_origin.
1320 // It will be printed by the run-time if stack-originated UMR is found.
1321 // The first 4 bytes of the string are set to '----' and will be replaced
1322 // by __msan_va_arg_overflow_size_tls at the first call.
1323 StackDescription << "----" << I.getName() << "@" << F.getName();
1325 createPrivateNonConstGlobalForString(*F.getParent(),
1326 StackDescription.str());
1327 IRB.CreateCall3(MS.MsanSetAllocaOriginFn,
1328 IRB.CreatePointerCast(&I, IRB.getInt8PtrTy()),
1329 ConstantInt::get(MS.IntptrTy, Size),
1330 IRB.CreatePointerCast(Descr, IRB.getInt8PtrTy()));
1334 void visitSelectInst(SelectInst& I) {
1335 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1336 setShadow(&I, IRB.CreateSelect(I.getCondition(),
1337 getShadow(I.getTrueValue()), getShadow(I.getFalseValue()),
1340 setOrigin(&I, IRB.CreateSelect(I.getCondition(),
1341 getOrigin(I.getTrueValue()), getOrigin(I.getFalseValue())));
1344 void visitLandingPadInst(LandingPadInst &I) {
1346 // See http://code.google.com/p/memory-sanitizer/issues/detail?id=1
1347 setShadow(&I, getCleanShadow(&I));
1348 setOrigin(&I, getCleanOrigin());
1351 void visitGetElementPtrInst(GetElementPtrInst &I) {
1355 void visitExtractValueInst(ExtractValueInst &I) {
1356 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1357 Value *Agg = I.getAggregateOperand();
1358 DEBUG(dbgs() << "ExtractValue: " << I << "\n");
1359 Value *AggShadow = getShadow(Agg);
1360 DEBUG(dbgs() << " AggShadow: " << *AggShadow << "\n");
1361 Value *ResShadow = IRB.CreateExtractValue(AggShadow, I.getIndices());
1362 DEBUG(dbgs() << " ResShadow: " << *ResShadow << "\n");
1363 setShadow(&I, ResShadow);
1364 setOrigin(&I, getCleanOrigin());
1367 void visitInsertValueInst(InsertValueInst &I) {
1368 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1369 DEBUG(dbgs() << "InsertValue: " << I << "\n");
1370 Value *AggShadow = getShadow(I.getAggregateOperand());
1371 Value *InsShadow = getShadow(I.getInsertedValueOperand());
1372 DEBUG(dbgs() << " AggShadow: " << *AggShadow << "\n");
1373 DEBUG(dbgs() << " InsShadow: " << *InsShadow << "\n");
1374 Value *Res = IRB.CreateInsertValue(AggShadow, InsShadow, I.getIndices());
1375 DEBUG(dbgs() << " Res: " << *Res << "\n");
1377 setOrigin(&I, getCleanOrigin());
1380 void dumpInst(Instruction &I) {
1381 if (CallInst *CI = dyn_cast<CallInst>(&I)) {
1382 errs() << "ZZZ call " << CI->getCalledFunction()->getName() << "\n";
1384 errs() << "ZZZ " << I.getOpcodeName() << "\n";
1386 errs() << "QQQ " << I << "\n";
1389 void visitResumeInst(ResumeInst &I) {
1390 DEBUG(dbgs() << "Resume: " << I << "\n");
1391 // Nothing to do here.
1394 void visitInstruction(Instruction &I) {
1395 // Everything else: stop propagating and check for poisoned shadow.
1396 if (ClDumpStrictInstructions)
1398 DEBUG(dbgs() << "DEFAULT: " << I << "\n");
1399 for (size_t i = 0, n = I.getNumOperands(); i < n; i++)
1400 insertCheck(I.getOperand(i), &I);
1401 setShadow(&I, getCleanShadow(&I));
1402 setOrigin(&I, getCleanOrigin());
1406 /// \brief AMD64-specific implementation of VarArgHelper.
1407 struct VarArgAMD64Helper : public VarArgHelper {
1408 // An unfortunate workaround for asymmetric lowering of va_arg stuff.
1409 // See a comment in visitCallSite for more details.
1410 static const unsigned AMD64GpEndOffset = 48; // AMD64 ABI Draft 0.99.6 p3.5.7
1411 static const unsigned AMD64FpEndOffset = 176;
1414 MemorySanitizer &MS;
1415 MemorySanitizerVisitor &MSV;
1416 Value *VAArgTLSCopy;
1417 Value *VAArgOverflowSize;
1419 SmallVector<CallInst*, 16> VAStartInstrumentationList;
1421 VarArgAMD64Helper(Function &F, MemorySanitizer &MS,
1422 MemorySanitizerVisitor &MSV)
1423 : F(F), MS(MS), MSV(MSV), VAArgTLSCopy(0), VAArgOverflowSize(0) { }
1425 enum ArgKind { AK_GeneralPurpose, AK_FloatingPoint, AK_Memory };
1427 ArgKind classifyArgument(Value* arg) {
1428 // A very rough approximation of X86_64 argument classification rules.
1429 Type *T = arg->getType();
1430 if (T->isFPOrFPVectorTy() || T->isX86_MMXTy())
1431 return AK_FloatingPoint;
1432 if (T->isIntegerTy() && T->getPrimitiveSizeInBits() <= 64)
1433 return AK_GeneralPurpose;
1434 if (T->isPointerTy())
1435 return AK_GeneralPurpose;
1439 // For VarArg functions, store the argument shadow in an ABI-specific format
1440 // that corresponds to va_list layout.
1441 // We do this because Clang lowers va_arg in the frontend, and this pass
1442 // only sees the low level code that deals with va_list internals.
1443 // A much easier alternative (provided that Clang emits va_arg instructions)
1444 // would have been to associate each live instance of va_list with a copy of
1445 // MSanParamTLS, and extract shadow on va_arg() call in the argument list
1447 void visitCallSite(CallSite &CS, IRBuilder<> &IRB) {
1448 unsigned GpOffset = 0;
1449 unsigned FpOffset = AMD64GpEndOffset;
1450 unsigned OverflowOffset = AMD64FpEndOffset;
1451 for (CallSite::arg_iterator ArgIt = CS.arg_begin(), End = CS.arg_end();
1452 ArgIt != End; ++ArgIt) {
1454 ArgKind AK = classifyArgument(A);
1455 if (AK == AK_GeneralPurpose && GpOffset >= AMD64GpEndOffset)
1457 if (AK == AK_FloatingPoint && FpOffset >= AMD64FpEndOffset)
1461 case AK_GeneralPurpose:
1462 Base = getShadowPtrForVAArgument(A, IRB, GpOffset);
1465 case AK_FloatingPoint:
1466 Base = getShadowPtrForVAArgument(A, IRB, FpOffset);
1470 uint64_t ArgSize = MS.TD->getTypeAllocSize(A->getType());
1471 Base = getShadowPtrForVAArgument(A, IRB, OverflowOffset);
1472 OverflowOffset += DataLayout::RoundUpAlignment(ArgSize, 8);
1474 IRB.CreateStore(MSV.getShadow(A), Base);
1476 Constant *OverflowSize =
1477 ConstantInt::get(IRB.getInt64Ty(), OverflowOffset - AMD64FpEndOffset);
1478 IRB.CreateStore(OverflowSize, MS.VAArgOverflowSizeTLS);
1481 /// \brief Compute the shadow address for a given va_arg.
1482 Value *getShadowPtrForVAArgument(Value *A, IRBuilder<> &IRB,
1484 Value *Base = IRB.CreatePointerCast(MS.VAArgTLS, MS.IntptrTy);
1485 Base = IRB.CreateAdd(Base, ConstantInt::get(MS.IntptrTy, ArgOffset));
1486 return IRB.CreateIntToPtr(Base, PointerType::get(MSV.getShadowTy(A), 0),
1490 void visitVAStartInst(VAStartInst &I) {
1491 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1492 VAStartInstrumentationList.push_back(&I);
1493 Value *VAListTag = I.getArgOperand(0);
1494 Value *ShadowPtr = MSV.getShadowPtr(VAListTag, IRB.getInt8Ty(), IRB);
1496 // Unpoison the whole __va_list_tag.
1497 // FIXME: magic ABI constants.
1498 IRB.CreateMemSet(ShadowPtr, Constant::getNullValue(IRB.getInt8Ty()),
1499 /* size */24, /* alignment */16, false);
1502 void visitVACopyInst(VACopyInst &I) {
1503 IRBuilder<> IRB(&I);
1504 Value *VAListTag = I.getArgOperand(0);
1505 Value *ShadowPtr = MSV.getShadowPtr(VAListTag, IRB.getInt8Ty(), IRB);
1507 // Unpoison the whole __va_list_tag.
1508 // FIXME: magic ABI constants.
1509 IRB.CreateMemSet(ShadowPtr, Constant::getNullValue(IRB.getInt8Ty()),
1510 /* size */ 24, /* alignment */ 16, false);
1513 void finalizeInstrumentation() {
1514 assert(!VAArgOverflowSize && !VAArgTLSCopy &&
1515 "finalizeInstrumentation called twice");
1516 if (!VAStartInstrumentationList.empty()) {
1517 // If there is a va_start in this function, make a backup copy of
1518 // va_arg_tls somewhere in the function entry block.
1519 IRBuilder<> IRB(F.getEntryBlock().getFirstNonPHI());
1520 VAArgOverflowSize = IRB.CreateLoad(MS.VAArgOverflowSizeTLS);
1522 IRB.CreateAdd(ConstantInt::get(MS.IntptrTy, AMD64FpEndOffset),
1524 VAArgTLSCopy = IRB.CreateAlloca(Type::getInt8Ty(*MS.C), CopySize);
1525 IRB.CreateMemCpy(VAArgTLSCopy, MS.VAArgTLS, CopySize, 8);
1528 // Instrument va_start.
1529 // Copy va_list shadow from the backup copy of the TLS contents.
1530 for (size_t i = 0, n = VAStartInstrumentationList.size(); i < n; i++) {
1531 CallInst *OrigInst = VAStartInstrumentationList[i];
1532 IRBuilder<> IRB(OrigInst->getNextNode());
1533 Value *VAListTag = OrigInst->getArgOperand(0);
1535 Value *RegSaveAreaPtrPtr =
1537 IRB.CreateAdd(IRB.CreatePtrToInt(VAListTag, MS.IntptrTy),
1538 ConstantInt::get(MS.IntptrTy, 16)),
1539 Type::getInt64PtrTy(*MS.C));
1540 Value *RegSaveAreaPtr = IRB.CreateLoad(RegSaveAreaPtrPtr);
1541 Value *RegSaveAreaShadowPtr =
1542 MSV.getShadowPtr(RegSaveAreaPtr, IRB.getInt8Ty(), IRB);
1543 IRB.CreateMemCpy(RegSaveAreaShadowPtr, VAArgTLSCopy,
1544 AMD64FpEndOffset, 16);
1546 Value *OverflowArgAreaPtrPtr =
1548 IRB.CreateAdd(IRB.CreatePtrToInt(VAListTag, MS.IntptrTy),
1549 ConstantInt::get(MS.IntptrTy, 8)),
1550 Type::getInt64PtrTy(*MS.C));
1551 Value *OverflowArgAreaPtr = IRB.CreateLoad(OverflowArgAreaPtrPtr);
1552 Value *OverflowArgAreaShadowPtr =
1553 MSV.getShadowPtr(OverflowArgAreaPtr, IRB.getInt8Ty(), IRB);
1555 getShadowPtrForVAArgument(VAArgTLSCopy, IRB, AMD64FpEndOffset);
1556 IRB.CreateMemCpy(OverflowArgAreaShadowPtr, SrcPtr, VAArgOverflowSize, 16);
1561 VarArgHelper* CreateVarArgHelper(Function &Func, MemorySanitizer &Msan,
1562 MemorySanitizerVisitor &Visitor) {
1563 return new VarArgAMD64Helper(Func, Msan, Visitor);
1568 bool MemorySanitizer::runOnFunction(Function &F) {
1569 MemorySanitizerVisitor Visitor(F, *this);
1571 // Clear out readonly/readnone attributes.
1573 B.addAttribute(Attributes::ReadOnly)
1574 .addAttribute(Attributes::ReadNone);
1575 F.removeAttribute(AttributeSet::FunctionIndex,
1576 Attributes::get(F.getContext(), B));
1578 return Visitor.runOnFunction();