2 * mtd - simple memory technology device manipulation tool
4 * Copyright (C) 2005 Waldemar Brodkorb <wbx@dass-it.de>,
5 * Felix Fietkau <nbd@openwrt.org>
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
9 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
10 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 * GNU General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
23 * The code is based on the linux-mtd examples.
32 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
33 #include <sys/syscall.h>
39 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
40 #include <sys/types.h>
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/mount.h>
44 #include <sys/reboot.h>
45 #include <linux/reboot.h>
50 #define JFFS2_DEFAULT_DIR "" /* directory name without /, empty means root dir */
53 uint32_t magic; /* "HDR0" */
54 uint32_t len; /* Length of file including header */
55 uint32_t crc32; /* 32-bit CRC from flag_version to end of file */
56 uint32_t flag_version; /* 0:15 flags, 16:31 version */
57 uint32_t offsets[3]; /* Offsets of partitions from start of header */
60 static char *buf = NULL;
61 static char *imagefile = NULL;
62 static char *jffs2file = NULL, *jffs2dir = JFFS2_DEFAULT_DIR;
63 static int buflen = 0;
68 int mtd_open(const char *mtd, bool block)
74 int flags = O_RDWR | O_SYNC;
76 if ((fp = fopen("/proc/mtd", "r"))) {
77 while (fgets(dev, sizeof(dev), fp)) {
78 if (sscanf(dev, "mtd%d:", &i) && strstr(dev, mtd)) {
79 snprintf(dev, sizeof(dev), "/dev/mtd%s/%d", (block ? "block" : ""), i);
80 if ((ret=open(dev, flags))<0) {
81 snprintf(dev, sizeof(dev), "/dev/mtd%s%d", (block ? "block" : ""), i);
91 return open(mtd, flags);
94 int mtd_check_open(const char *mtd)
96 struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
99 fd = mtd_open(mtd, false);
101 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
105 if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
106 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
110 mtdsize = mtdInfo.size;
111 erasesize = mtdInfo.erasesize;
116 int mtd_erase_block(int fd, int offset)
118 struct erase_info_user mtdEraseInfo;
120 mtdEraseInfo.start = offset;
121 mtdEraseInfo.length = erasesize;
122 ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdEraseInfo);
123 if (ioctl (fd, MEMERASE, &mtdEraseInfo) < 0) {
124 fprintf(stderr, "Erasing mtd failed.\n");
130 int mtd_write_buffer(int fd, const char *buf, int offset, int length)
132 lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET);
133 write(fd, buf, length);
139 image_check(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
142 return trx_check(imagefd, mtd, buf, &buflen);
146 static int mtd_check(const char *mtd)
150 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
155 buf = malloc(erasesize);
162 mtd_unlock(const char *mtd)
165 struct erase_info_user mtdLockInfo;
167 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
169 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
174 fprintf(stderr, "Unlocking %s ...\n", mtd);
176 mtdLockInfo.start = 0;
177 mtdLockInfo.length = mtdsize;
178 if(ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdLockInfo)) {
188 mtd_erase(const char *mtd)
191 struct erase_info_user mtdEraseInfo;
194 fprintf(stderr, "Erasing %s ...\n", mtd);
196 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
198 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
202 mtdEraseInfo.length = erasesize;
204 for (mtdEraseInfo.start = 0;
205 mtdEraseInfo.start < mtdsize;
206 mtdEraseInfo.start += erasesize) {
208 ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdEraseInfo);
209 if(ioctl(fd, MEMERASE, &mtdEraseInfo))
210 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to erase block on %s at 0x%x\n", mtd, mtdEraseInfo.start);
219 mtd_refresh(const char *mtd)
224 fprintf(stderr, "Refreshing mtd partition %s ... ", mtd);
226 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
228 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
232 if (ioctl(fd, MTDREFRESH, NULL)) {
233 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to refresh the MTD device\n");
240 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
246 mtd_write(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
251 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
253 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
258 fprintf(stderr, "Writing from %s to %s ... ", imagefile, mtd);
262 fprintf(stderr, " [ ]");
265 /* buffer may contain data already (from trx check) */
267 r = read(imagefd, buf + buflen, erasesize - buflen);
269 if ((errno == EINTR) || (errno == EAGAIN))
278 fprintf(stderr, "No more data left\n");
283 } while (buflen < erasesize);
289 if (memcmp(buf, JFFS2_EOF, sizeof(JFFS2_EOF)) == 0) {
291 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b ");
293 fprintf(stderr, "\nAppending jffs2 data to from %s to %s...", jffs2file, mtd);
294 /* got an EOF marker - this is the place to add some jffs2 data */
295 mtd_replace_jffs2(mtd, fd, e, jffs2file);
298 /* no EOF marker, make sure we figure out the last inode number
299 * before appending some data */
300 mtd_parse_jffs2data(buf, jffs2dir);
303 /* need to erase the next block before writing data to it */
304 while (w + buflen > e) {
306 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b[e]");
308 mtd_erase_block(fd, e);
310 /* erase the chunk */
315 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b[w]");
317 if ((result = write(fd, buf, buflen)) < buflen) {
319 fprintf(stderr, "Error writing image.\n");
322 fprintf(stderr, "Insufficient space.\n");
331 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b\b");
335 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
341 static void usage(void)
343 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: mtd [<options> ...] <command> [<arguments> ...] <device>\n\n"
344 "The device is in the format of mtdX (eg: mtd4) or its label.\n"
345 "mtd recognizes these commands:\n"
346 " unlock unlock the device\n"
347 " refresh refresh mtd partition\n"
348 " erase erase all data on device\n"
349 " write <imagefile>|- write <imagefile> (use - for stdin) to device\n"
350 " jffs2write <file> append <file> to the jffs2 partition on the device\n"
351 "Following options are available:\n"
352 " -q quiet mode (once: no [w] on writing,\n"
353 " twice: no status messages)\n"
354 " -r reboot after successful command\n"
355 " -f force write without trx checks\n"
356 " -e <device> erase <device> before executing the command\n"
357 " -d <name> directory for jffs2write, defaults to \"tmp\"\n"
358 " -j <name> integrate <file> into jffs2 data when writing an image\n"
360 "Example: To write linux.trx to mtd4 labeled as linux and reboot afterwards\n"
361 " mtd -r write linux.trx linux\n\n");
365 static void do_reboot(void)
367 fprintf(stderr, "Rebooting ...\n");
370 /* try regular reboot method first */
371 system("/sbin/reboot");
374 /* if we're still alive at this point, force the kernel to reboot */
375 syscall(SYS_reboot,LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC1,LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2,LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_RESTART,NULL);
378 int main (int argc, char **argv)
380 int ch, i, boot, imagefd = 0, force, unlocked;
381 char *erase[MAX_ARGS], *device = NULL;
396 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "frqe:d:j:")) != -1)
412 while ((erase[i] != NULL) && ((i + 1) < MAX_ARGS))
431 if ((strcmp(argv[0], "unlock") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
434 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "refresh") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
437 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "erase") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
440 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "write") == 0) && (argc == 3)) {
444 if (strcmp(argv[1], "-") == 0) {
445 imagefile = "<stdin>";
449 if ((imagefd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
450 fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open image file: %s!\n", imagefile);
455 if (!mtd_check(device)) {
456 fprintf(stderr, "Can't open device for writing!\n");
459 /* check trx file before erasing or writing anything */
460 if (!image_check(imagefd, device) && !force) {
461 fprintf(stderr, "Image check failed.\n");
464 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "jffs2write") == 0) && (argc == 3)) {
465 cmd = CMD_JFFS2WRITE;
469 if (!mtd_check(device)) {
470 fprintf(stderr, "Can't open device for writing!\n");
481 while (erase[i] != NULL) {
482 mtd_unlock(erase[i]);
484 if (strcmp(erase[i], device) == 0)
503 mtd_write(imagefd, device);
508 mtd_write_jffs2(device, imagefile, jffs2dir);