X-Git-Url: http://demsky.eecs.uci.edu/git/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=tools%2Fllvm-ld%2Fllvm-ld.cpp;h=40265628ac007335acb51ced15aab6e10d65a3d4;hb=4ce138cc5593fb17161308af3cf25981b4088c17;hp=f8287f8e8d421ef84b33dfe5186ded0230de9407;hpb=5fb6ed4ae608c6f7ef589f1069b5dd5c7bdbd60b;p=oota-llvm.git diff --git a/tools/llvm-ld/llvm-ld.cpp b/tools/llvm-ld/llvm-ld.cpp index f8287f8e8d4..40265628ac0 100644 --- a/tools/llvm-ld/llvm-ld.cpp +++ b/tools/llvm-ld/llvm-ld.cpp @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ //===- llvm-ld.cpp - LLVM 'ld' compatible linker --------------------------===// -// +// // The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure // -// This file was developed by the LLVM research group and is distributed under -// the University of Illinois Open Source License. See LICENSE.TXT for details. -// +// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source +// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details. +// //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// // // This utility is intended to be compatible with GCC, and follows standard // system 'ld' conventions. As such, the default output file is ./a.out. // Additionally, this program outputs a shell script that is used to invoke LLI // to execute the program. In this manner, the generated executable (a.out for -// example), is directly executable, whereas the bytecode file actually lives in +// example), is directly executable, whereas the bitcode file actually lives in // the a.out.bc file generated by this program. Also, Force is on by default. // // Note that if someone (or a script) deletes the executable program generated, @@ -20,88 +20,115 @@ // //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// +#include "llvm/LinkAllVMCore.h" #include "llvm/Linker.h" #include "llvm/System/Program.h" #include "llvm/Module.h" #include "llvm/PassManager.h" -#include "llvm/Bytecode/Reader.h" -#include "llvm/Bytecode/Writer.h" +#include "llvm/Bitcode/ReaderWriter.h" #include "llvm/Target/TargetData.h" #include "llvm/Target/TargetMachine.h" #include "llvm/Target/TargetMachineRegistry.h" #include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h" #include "llvm/Support/FileUtilities.h" +#include "llvm/Support/ManagedStatic.h" +#include "llvm/Support/MemoryBuffer.h" +#include "llvm/Support/Streams.h" #include "llvm/Support/SystemUtils.h" #include "llvm/System/Signals.h" #include -#include #include - +#include using namespace llvm; // Input/Output Options static cl::list InputFilenames(cl::Positional, cl::OneOrMore, - cl::desc("")); + cl::desc("")); static cl::opt OutputFilename("o", cl::init("a.out"), - cl::desc("Override output filename"), + cl::desc("Override output filename"), cl::value_desc("filename")); -static cl::opt Verbose("v", +static cl::opt Verbose("v", cl::desc("Print information about actions taken")); - + static cl::list LibPaths("L", cl::Prefix, - cl::desc("Specify a library search path"), + cl::desc("Specify a library search path"), + cl::value_desc("directory")); + +static cl::list FrameworkPaths("F", cl::Prefix, + cl::desc("Specify a framework search path"), cl::value_desc("directory")); static cl::list Libraries("l", cl::Prefix, - cl::desc("Specify libraries to link to"), + cl::desc("Specify libraries to link to"), cl::value_desc("library prefix")); -static cl::opt LinkAsLibrary("link-as-library", +static cl::list Frameworks("framework", + cl::desc("Specify frameworks to link to"), + cl::value_desc("framework")); + +// Options to control the linking, optimization, and code gen processes +static cl::opt LinkAsLibrary("link-as-library", cl::desc("Link the .bc files together as a library, not an executable")); static cl::alias Relink("r", cl::aliasopt(LinkAsLibrary), cl::desc("Alias for -link-as-library")); -static cl::opt - MachineArch("march", cl::desc("Architecture to generate assembly for:")); - static cl::opt Native("native", cl::desc("Generate a native binary instead of a shell script")); static cl::optNativeCBE("native-cbe", cl::desc("Generate a native binary with the C backend and GCC")); -static cl::optDisableCompression("disable-compression",cl::init(false), - cl::desc("Disable writing of compressed bytecode files")); - -// Compatibility options that are ignored but supported by LD -static cl::opt CO3("soname", cl::Hidden, +static cl::list PostLinkOpts("post-link-opts", + cl::value_desc("path"), + cl::desc("Run one or more optimization programs after linking")); + +static cl::list XLinker("Xlinker", cl::value_desc("option"), + cl::desc("Pass options to the system linker")); + +// Compatibility options that llvm-ld ignores but are supported for +// compatibility with LD +static cl::opt CO3("soname", cl::Hidden, + cl::desc("Compatibility option: ignored")); + +static cl::opt CO4("version-script", cl::Hidden, + cl::desc("Compatibility option: ignored")); + +static cl::opt CO5("eh-frame-hdr", cl::Hidden, cl::desc("Compatibility option: ignored")); -static cl::opt CO4("version-script", cl::Hidden, +static cl::opt CO6("h", cl::Hidden, cl::desc("Compatibility option: ignored")); -static cl::opt CO5("eh-frame-hdr", cl::Hidden, +static cl::opt CO7("start-group", cl::Hidden, cl::desc("Compatibility option: ignored")); -static cl::opt CO6("h", cl::Hidden, +static cl::opt CO8("end-group", cl::Hidden, cl::desc("Compatibility option: ignored")); /// This is just for convenience so it doesn't have to be passed around /// everywhere. static std::string progname; -/// PrintAndReturn - Prints a message to standard error and returns true. +/// PrintAndExit - Prints a message to standard error and exits with error code /// /// Inputs: -/// progname - The name of the program (i.e. argv[0]). /// Message - The message to print to standard error. /// -static int PrintAndReturn(const std::string &Message) { - std::cerr << progname << ": " << Message << "\n"; - return 1; +static void PrintAndExit(const std::string &Message, int errcode = 1) { + cerr << progname << ": " << Message << "\n"; + llvm_shutdown(); + exit(errcode); +} + +static void PrintCommand(const std::vector &args) { + std::vector::const_iterator I = args.begin(), E = args.end(); + for (; I != E; ++I) + if (*I) + cout << "'" << *I << "'" << " "; + cout << "\n" << std::flush; } /// CopyEnv - This function takes an array of environment variables and makes a @@ -182,34 +209,35 @@ static void RemoveEnv(const char * name, char ** const envp) { return; } -/// GenerateBytecode - generates a bytecode file from the module provided -void GenerateBytecode(Module* M, const std::string& FileName) { +/// GenerateBitcode - generates a bitcode file from the module provided +void GenerateBitcode(Module* M, const std::string& FileName) { + + if (Verbose) + cout << "Generating Bitcode To " << FileName << '\n'; // Create the output file. std::ios::openmode io_mode = std::ios::out | std::ios::trunc | std::ios::binary; std::ofstream Out(FileName.c_str(), io_mode); - if (!Out.good()) { - PrintAndReturn("error opening '" + FileName + "' for writing!"); - return; - } + if (!Out.good()) + PrintAndExit("error opening '" + FileName + "' for writing!"); - // Ensure that the bytecode file gets removed from the disk if we get a + // Ensure that the bitcode file gets removed from the disk if we get a // terminating signal. sys::RemoveFileOnSignal(sys::Path(FileName)); // Write it out - WriteBytecodeToFile(M, Out, !DisableCompression); + WriteBitcodeToFile(M, Out); - // Close the bytecode file. + // Close the bitcode file. Out.close(); } /// GenerateAssembly - generates a native assembly language source file from the -/// specified bytecode file. +/// specified bitcode file. /// /// Inputs: -/// InputFilename - The name of the output bytecode file. +/// InputFilename - The name of the input bitcode file. /// OutputFilename - The name of the file to generate. /// llc - The pathname to use for LLC. /// envp - The environment to use when running LLC. @@ -218,42 +246,60 @@ void GenerateBytecode(Module* M, const std::string& FileName) { /// static int GenerateAssembly(const std::string &OutputFilename, const std::string &InputFilename, - const sys::Path &llc) { - // Run LLC to convert the bytecode file into assembly code. + const sys::Path &llc, + std::string &ErrMsg ) { + // Run LLC to convert the bitcode file into assembly code. std::vector args; - args.push_back( "-f"); - args.push_back( "-o"); - args.push_back( OutputFilename.c_str() ); - args.push_back( InputFilename.c_str() ); + args.push_back(llc.c_str()); + args.push_back("-f"); + args.push_back("-o"); + args.push_back(OutputFilename.c_str()); + args.push_back(InputFilename.c_str()); + args.push_back(0); - return sys::Program::ExecuteAndWait(llc,&args[0]); + if (Verbose) { + cout << "Generating Assembly With: \n"; + PrintCommand(args); + } + + return sys::Program::ExecuteAndWait(llc, &args[0], 0, 0, 0, 0, &ErrMsg); } -/// GenerateAssembly - generates a native assembly language source file from the -/// specified bytecode file. +/// GenerateCFile - generates a C source file from the specified bitcode file. static int GenerateCFile(const std::string &OutputFile, const std::string &InputFile, - const sys::Path &llc) { - // Run LLC to convert the bytecode file into C. + const sys::Path &llc, + std::string& ErrMsg) { + // Run LLC to convert the bitcode file into C. std::vector args; - args.push_back( "-march=c"); - args.push_back( "-f"); - args.push_back( "-o"); - args.push_back( OutputFile.c_str() ); - args.push_back( InputFile.c_str() ); - return sys::Program::ExecuteAndWait(llc, &args[0]); + args.push_back(llc.c_str()); + args.push_back("-march=c"); + args.push_back("-f"); + args.push_back("-o"); + args.push_back(OutputFile.c_str()); + args.push_back(InputFile.c_str()); + args.push_back(0); + + if (Verbose) { + cout << "Generating C Source With: \n"; + PrintCommand(args); + } + + return sys::Program::ExecuteAndWait(llc, &args[0], 0, 0, 0, 0, &ErrMsg); } -/// GenerateNative - generates a native assembly language source file from the -/// specified assembly source file. +/// GenerateNative - generates a native object file from the +/// specified bitcode file. /// /// Inputs: -/// InputFilename - The name of the output bytecode file. -/// OutputFilename - The name of the file to generate. -/// Libraries - The list of libraries with which to link. -/// LibPaths - The list of directories in which to find libraries. -/// gcc - The pathname to use for GGC. -/// envp - A copy of the process's current environment. +/// InputFilename - The name of the input bitcode file. +/// OutputFilename - The name of the file to generate. +/// NativeLinkItems - The native libraries, files, code with which to link +/// LibPaths - The list of directories in which to find libraries. +/// FrameworksPaths - The list of directories in which to find frameworks. +/// Frameworks - The list of frameworks (dynamic libraries) +/// gcc - The pathname to use for GGC. +/// envp - A copy of the process's current environment. /// /// Outputs: /// None. @@ -262,8 +308,9 @@ static int GenerateCFile(const std::string &OutputFile, /// static int GenerateNative(const std::string &OutputFilename, const std::string &InputFilename, - const std::vector &Libraries, - const sys::Path &gcc, char ** const envp) { + const Linker::ItemList &LinkItems, + const sys::Path &gcc, char ** const envp, + std::string& ErrMsg) { // Remove these environment variables from the environment of the // programs that we will execute. It appears that GCC sets these // environment variables so that the programs it uses can configure @@ -287,44 +334,85 @@ static int GenerateNative(const std::string &OutputFilename, // We can't just assemble and link the file with the system assembler // and linker because we don't know where to put the _start symbol. // GCC mysteriously knows how to do it. - std::vector args; + std::vector args; + args.push_back(gcc.c_str()); args.push_back("-fno-strict-aliasing"); args.push_back("-O3"); args.push_back("-o"); - args.push_back(OutputFilename.c_str()); - args.push_back(InputFilename.c_str()); + args.push_back(OutputFilename); + args.push_back(InputFilename); + + // Add in the library and framework paths + for (unsigned index = 0; index < LibPaths.size(); index++) { + args.push_back("-L" + LibPaths[index]); + } + for (unsigned index = 0; index < FrameworkPaths.size(); index++) { + args.push_back("-F" + FrameworkPaths[index]); + } + + // Add the requested options + for (unsigned index = 0; index < XLinker.size(); index++) + args.push_back(XLinker[index]); // Add in the libraries to link. - for (unsigned index = 0; index < Libraries.size(); index++) - if (Libraries[index] != "crtend") { - args.push_back("-l"); - args.push_back(Libraries[index].c_str()); + for (unsigned index = 0; index < LinkItems.size(); index++) + if (LinkItems[index].first != "crtend") { + if (LinkItems[index].second) + args.push_back("-l" + LinkItems[index].first); + else + args.push_back(LinkItems[index].first); } + // Add in frameworks to link. + for (unsigned index = 0; index < Frameworks.size(); index++) { + args.push_back("-framework"); + args.push_back(Frameworks[index]); + } + + // Now that "args" owns all the std::strings for the arguments, call the c_str + // method to get the underlying string array. We do this game so that the + // std::string array is guaranteed to outlive the const char* array. + std::vector Args; + for (unsigned i = 0, e = args.size(); i != e; ++i) + Args.push_back(args[i].c_str()); + Args.push_back(0); + + if (Verbose) { + cout << "Generating Native Executable With:\n"; + PrintCommand(Args); + } + // Run the compiler to assembly and link together the program. - return sys::Program::ExecuteAndWait(gcc, &args[0], (const char**)clean_env); + int R = sys::Program::ExecuteAndWait( + gcc, &Args[0], (const char**)clean_env, 0, 0, 0, &ErrMsg); + delete [] clean_env; + return R; } /// EmitShellScript - Output the wrapper file that invokes the JIT on the LLVM -/// bytecode file for the program. +/// bitcode file for the program. static void EmitShellScript(char **argv) { + if (Verbose) + cout << "Emitting Shell Script\n"; #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__) // Windows doesn't support #!/bin/sh style shell scripts in .exe files. To // support windows systems, we copy the llvm-stub.exe executable from the // build tree to the destination file. + std::string ErrMsg; sys::Path llvmstub = FindExecutable("llvm-stub.exe", argv[0]); - if (llvmstub.isEmpty()) { - std::cerr << "Could not find llvm-stub.exe executable!\n"; - exit(1); - } - sys::CopyFile(sys::Path(OutputFilename), llvmstub); + if (llvmstub.isEmpty()) + PrintAndExit("Could not find llvm-stub.exe executable!"); + + if (0 != sys::CopyFile(sys::Path(OutputFilename), llvmstub, &ErrMsg)) + PrintAndExit(ErrMsg); + return; #endif // Output the script to start the program... std::ofstream Out2(OutputFilename.c_str()); if (!Out2.good()) - exit(PrintAndReturn("error opening '" + OutputFilename + "' for writing!")); + PrintAndExit("error opening '" + OutputFilename + "' for writing!"); Out2 << "#!/bin/sh\n"; // Allow user to setenv LLVMINTERP if lli is not in their PATH. @@ -336,12 +424,12 @@ static void EmitShellScript(char **argv) { LibPaths.push_back("/usr/X11R6/lib"); // We don't need to link in libc! In fact, /usr/lib/libc.so may not be a // shared object at all! See RH 8: plain text. - std::vector::iterator libc = + std::vector::iterator libc = std::find(Libraries.begin(), Libraries.end(), "c"); if (libc != Libraries.end()) Libraries.erase(libc); // List all the shared object (native) libraries this executable will need // on the command line, so that we don't have to do this manually! - for (std::vector::iterator i = Libraries.begin(), + for (std::vector::iterator i = Libraries.begin(), e = Libraries.end(); i != e; ++i) { sys::Path FullLibraryPath = sys::Path::FindLibrary(*i); if (!FullLibraryPath.isEmpty() && FullLibraryPath.isDynamicLibrary()) @@ -359,7 +447,7 @@ static void BuildLinkItems( const cl::list& Files, const cl::list& Libraries) { - // Build the list of linkage items for LinkItems. + // Build the list of linkage items for LinkItems. cl::list::const_iterator fileIt = Files.begin(); cl::list::const_iterator libIt = Libraries.begin(); @@ -391,19 +479,25 @@ extern void Optimize(Module*); } int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp) { + llvm_shutdown_obj X; // Call llvm_shutdown() on exit. try { // Initial global variable above for convenience printing of program name. progname = sys::Path(argv[0]).getBasename(); - Linker TheLinker(progname, Verbose); - - // Set up the library paths for the Linker - TheLinker.addPaths(LibPaths); - TheLinker.addSystemPaths(); // Parse the command line options - cl::ParseCommandLineOptions(argc, argv, " llvm linker\n"); + cl::ParseCommandLineOptions(argc, argv, "llvm linker\n"); sys::PrintStackTraceOnErrorSignal(); + // Construct a Linker (now that Verbose is set) + Linker TheLinker(progname, OutputFilename, Verbose); + + // Keep track of the native link items (versus the bitcode items) + Linker::ItemList NativeLinkItems; + + // Add library paths to the linker + TheLinker.addPaths(LibPaths); + TheLinker.addSystemPaths(); + // Remove any consecutive duplicates of the same library... Libraries.erase(std::unique(Libraries.begin(), Libraries.end()), Libraries.end()); @@ -417,7 +511,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp) { // The libraries aren't linked in but are noted as "dependent" in the // module. - for (cl::list::const_iterator I = Libraries.begin(), + for (cl::list::const_iterator I = Libraries.begin(), E = Libraries.end(); I != E ; ++I) { TheLinker.getModule()->addLibrary(*I); } @@ -427,8 +521,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp) { BuildLinkItems(Items, InputFilenames, Libraries); // Link all the items together - if (TheLinker.LinkInItems(Items) ) - return 1; + if (TheLinker.LinkInItems(Items, NativeLinkItems) ) + return 1; // Error already printed } std::auto_ptr Composite(TheLinker.releaseModule()); @@ -436,18 +530,71 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp) { // Optimize the module Optimize(Composite.get()); - // Generate the bytecode for the optimized module. - std::string RealBytecodeOutput = OutputFilename; - if (!LinkAsLibrary) RealBytecodeOutput += ".bc"; - GenerateBytecode(Composite.get(), RealBytecodeOutput); +#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__) + if (!LinkAsLibrary) { + // Default to "a.exe" instead of "a.out". + if (OutputFilename.getNumOccurrences() == 0) + OutputFilename = "a.exe"; + + // If there is no suffix add an "exe" one. + sys::Path ExeFile( OutputFilename ); + if (ExeFile.getSuffix() == "") { + ExeFile.appendSuffix("exe"); + OutputFilename = ExeFile.toString(); + } + } +#endif + + // Generate the bitcode for the optimized module. + std::string RealBitcodeOutput = OutputFilename; + + if (!LinkAsLibrary) RealBitcodeOutput += ".bc"; + GenerateBitcode(Composite.get(), RealBitcodeOutput); // If we are not linking a library, generate either a native executable // or a JIT shell script, depending upon what the user wants. if (!LinkAsLibrary) { + // If the user wants to run a post-link optimization, run it now. + if (!PostLinkOpts.empty()) { + std::vector opts = PostLinkOpts; + for (std::vector::iterator I = opts.begin(), + E = opts.end(); I != E; ++I) { + sys::Path prog(*I); + if (!prog.canExecute()) { + prog = sys::Program::FindProgramByName(*I); + if (prog.isEmpty()) + PrintAndExit(std::string("Optimization program '") + *I + + "' is not found or not executable."); + } + // Get the program arguments + sys::Path tmp_output("opt_result"); + std::string ErrMsg; + if (tmp_output.createTemporaryFileOnDisk(true, &ErrMsg)) + PrintAndExit(ErrMsg); + + const char* args[4]; + args[0] = I->c_str(); + args[1] = RealBitcodeOutput.c_str(); + args[2] = tmp_output.c_str(); + args[3] = 0; + if (0 == sys::Program::ExecuteAndWait(prog, args, 0,0,0,0, &ErrMsg)) { + if (tmp_output.isBitcodeFile() || tmp_output.isBitcodeFile()) { + sys::Path target(RealBitcodeOutput); + target.eraseFromDisk(); + if (tmp_output.renamePathOnDisk(target, &ErrMsg)) + PrintAndExit(ErrMsg, 2); + } else + PrintAndExit("Post-link optimization output is not bitcode"); + } else { + PrintAndExit(ErrMsg); + } + } + } + // If the user wants to generate a native executable, compile it from the - // bytecode file. + // bitcode file. // - // Otherwise, create a script that will run the bytecode through the JIT. + // Otherwise, create a script that will run the bitcode through the JIT. if (Native) { // Name of the Assembly Language output file sys::Path AssemblyFile ( OutputFilename); @@ -460,21 +607,24 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp) { // Determine the locations of the llc and gcc programs. sys::Path llc = FindExecutable("llc", argv[0]); if (llc.isEmpty()) - return PrintAndReturn("Failed to find llc"); + PrintAndExit("Failed to find llc"); sys::Path gcc = FindExecutable("gcc", argv[0]); if (gcc.isEmpty()) - return PrintAndReturn("Failed to find gcc"); + PrintAndExit("Failed to find gcc"); - // Generate an assembly language file for the bytecode. - if (Verbose) std::cout << "Generating Assembly Code\n"; - GenerateAssembly(AssemblyFile.toString(), RealBytecodeOutput, llc); - if (Verbose) std::cout << "Generating Native Code\n"; - GenerateNative(OutputFilename, AssemblyFile.toString(), Libraries, - gcc, envp); + // Generate an assembly language file for the bitcode. + std::string ErrMsg; + if (0 != GenerateAssembly(AssemblyFile.toString(), RealBitcodeOutput, + llc, ErrMsg)) + PrintAndExit(ErrMsg); + + if (0 != GenerateNative(OutputFilename, AssemblyFile.toString(), + NativeLinkItems, gcc, envp, ErrMsg)) + PrintAndExit(ErrMsg); // Remove the assembly language file. - AssemblyFile.destroyFile(); + AssemblyFile.eraseFromDisk(); } else if (NativeCBE) { sys::Path CFile (OutputFilename); CFile.appendSuffix("cbe.c"); @@ -486,38 +636,47 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp) { // Determine the locations of the llc and gcc programs. sys::Path llc = FindExecutable("llc", argv[0]); if (llc.isEmpty()) - return PrintAndReturn("Failed to find llc"); + PrintAndExit("Failed to find llc"); sys::Path gcc = FindExecutable("gcc", argv[0]); if (gcc.isEmpty()) - return PrintAndReturn("Failed to find gcc"); + PrintAndExit("Failed to find gcc"); + + // Generate an assembly language file for the bitcode. + std::string ErrMsg; + if (0 != GenerateCFile( + CFile.toString(), RealBitcodeOutput, llc, ErrMsg)) + PrintAndExit(ErrMsg); - // Generate an assembly language file for the bytecode. - if (Verbose) std::cout << "Generating Assembly Code\n"; - GenerateCFile(CFile.toString(), RealBytecodeOutput, llc); - if (Verbose) std::cout << "Generating Native Code\n"; - GenerateNative(OutputFilename, CFile.toString(), Libraries, gcc, envp); + if (0 != GenerateNative(OutputFilename, CFile.toString(), + NativeLinkItems, gcc, envp, ErrMsg)) + PrintAndExit(ErrMsg); // Remove the assembly language file. - CFile.destroyFile(); + CFile.eraseFromDisk(); } else { EmitShellScript(argv); } - + // Make the script executable... - sys::Path(OutputFilename).makeExecutable(); + std::string ErrMsg; + if (sys::Path(OutputFilename).makeExecutableOnDisk(&ErrMsg)) + PrintAndExit(ErrMsg); - // Make the bytecode file readable and directly executable in LLEE as well - sys::Path(RealBytecodeOutput).makeExecutable(); - sys::Path(RealBytecodeOutput).makeReadable(); - } + // Make the bitcode file readable and directly executable in LLEE as well + if (sys::Path(RealBitcodeOutput).makeExecutableOnDisk(&ErrMsg)) + PrintAndExit(ErrMsg); - return 0; + if (sys::Path(RealBitcodeOutput).makeReadableOnDisk(&ErrMsg)) + PrintAndExit(ErrMsg); + } } catch (const std::string& msg) { - std::cerr << argv[0] << ": " << msg << "\n"; + PrintAndExit(msg,2); } catch (...) { - std::cerr << argv[0] << ": Unexpected unknown exception occurred.\n"; + PrintAndExit("Unexpected unknown exception occurred.", 2); } - return 1; + + // Graceful exit + return 0; }