Future: improve test with task discarding executors

Future: improve test with task discarding executors

Summary:
We have tests that check that the Future implementation deals
cleanly with executors discarding tasks. The existing tests destroy
the tasks immediately when they are passed to Executor::add. This
diff adds corresponding tests for the scenario where the task is
not destroyed right away, but after the call to Future::then has
completed.

This diff also adds a mechanism to detect that the passed callback
function is actually destroyed. We have tested already that the
promise returned by folly::then will be set to a BrokenPromise
exception when the executor discards the task. However, the task
passed to the executor is not only the callback we pass to
folly::then, as the Future implementation wraps it with some code
that stores the return value in a Promise. Existing tests check
that this Promise is destroyed. The added mechanism in this diff
checks that the orignal callback function itself gets destroyed.

Reviewed By: Krigpl

Differential Revision: D5002100

fbshipit-source-id: 4155f61b075d9fe8d1869ad229f4d350571ff4c6