From 0fb1170ee68a6aa14eca0666e02c4b62cbf1251d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Daniel Wagner Date: Fri, 19 Jun 2015 16:00:44 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 1/1] bpf: BPF based latency tracing BPF offers another way to generate latency histograms. We attach kprobes at trace_preempt_off and trace_preempt_on and calculate the time it takes to from seeing the off/on transition. The first array is used to store the start time stamp. The key is the CPU id. The second array stores the log2(time diff). We need to use static allocation here (array and not hash tables). The kprobes hooking into trace_preempt_on|off should not calling any dynamic memory allocation or free path. We need to avoid recursivly getting called. Besides that, it reduces jitter in the measurement. CPU 0 latency : count distribution 1 -> 1 : 0 | | 2 -> 3 : 0 | | 4 -> 7 : 0 | | 8 -> 15 : 0 | | 16 -> 31 : 0 | | 32 -> 63 : 0 | | 64 -> 127 : 0 | | 128 -> 255 : 0 | | 256 -> 511 : 0 | | 512 -> 1023 : 0 | | 1024 -> 2047 : 0 | | 2048 -> 4095 : 166723 |*************************************** | 4096 -> 8191 : 19870 |*** | 8192 -> 16383 : 6324 | | 16384 -> 32767 : 1098 | | 32768 -> 65535 : 190 | | 65536 -> 131071 : 179 | | 131072 -> 262143 : 18 | | 262144 -> 524287 : 4 | | 524288 -> 1048575 : 1363 | | CPU 1 latency : count distribution 1 -> 1 : 0 | | 2 -> 3 : 0 | | 4 -> 7 : 0 | | 8 -> 15 : 0 | | 16 -> 31 : 0 | | 32 -> 63 : 0 | | 64 -> 127 : 0 | | 128 -> 255 : 0 | | 256 -> 511 : 0 | | 512 -> 1023 : 0 | | 1024 -> 2047 : 0 | | 2048 -> 4095 : 114042 |*************************************** | 4096 -> 8191 : 9587 |** | 8192 -> 16383 : 4140 | | 16384 -> 32767 : 673 | | 32768 -> 65535 : 179 | | 65536 -> 131071 : 29 | | 131072 -> 262143 : 4 | | 262144 -> 524287 : 1 | | 524288 -> 1048575 : 364 | | CPU 2 latency : count distribution 1 -> 1 : 0 | | 2 -> 3 : 0 | | 4 -> 7 : 0 | | 8 -> 15 : 0 | | 16 -> 31 : 0 | | 32 -> 63 : 0 | | 64 -> 127 : 0 | | 128 -> 255 : 0 | | 256 -> 511 : 0 | | 512 -> 1023 : 0 | | 1024 -> 2047 : 0 | | 2048 -> 4095 : 40147 |*************************************** | 4096 -> 8191 : 2300 |* | 8192 -> 16383 : 828 | | 16384 -> 32767 : 178 | | 32768 -> 65535 : 59 | | 65536 -> 131071 : 2 | | 131072 -> 262143 : 0 | | 262144 -> 524287 : 1 | | 524288 -> 1048575 : 174 | | CPU 3 latency : count distribution 1 -> 1 : 0 | | 2 -> 3 : 0 | | 4 -> 7 : 0 | | 8 -> 15 : 0 | | 16 -> 31 : 0 | | 32 -> 63 : 0 | | 64 -> 127 : 0 | | 128 -> 255 : 0 | | 256 -> 511 : 0 | | 512 -> 1023 : 0 | | 1024 -> 2047 : 0 | | 2048 -> 4095 : 29626 |*************************************** | 4096 -> 8191 : 2704 |** | 8192 -> 16383 : 1090 | | 16384 -> 32767 : 160 | | 32768 -> 65535 : 72 | | 65536 -> 131071 : 32 | | 131072 -> 262143 : 26 | | 262144 -> 524287 : 12 | | 524288 -> 1048575 : 298 | | All this is based on the trace3 examples written by Alexei Starovoitov . Signed-off-by: Daniel Wagner Cc: Alexei Starovoitov Cc: Alexei Starovoitov Cc: "David S. Miller" Cc: Daniel Borkmann Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov Acked-by: Daniel Borkmann Signed-off-by: David S. Miller --- samples/bpf/Makefile | 4 ++ samples/bpf/lathist_kern.c | 99 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ samples/bpf/lathist_user.c | 103 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 206 insertions(+) create mode 100644 samples/bpf/lathist_kern.c create mode 100644 samples/bpf/lathist_user.c diff --git a/samples/bpf/Makefile b/samples/bpf/Makefile index 46c6a8cf74d3..4450fed91ab4 100644 --- a/samples/bpf/Makefile +++ b/samples/bpf/Makefile @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ hostprogs-y += tracex2 hostprogs-y += tracex3 hostprogs-y += tracex4 hostprogs-y += tracex5 +hostprogs-y += lathist test_verifier-objs := test_verifier.o libbpf.o test_maps-objs := test_maps.o libbpf.o @@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ tracex2-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o tracex2_user.o tracex3-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o tracex3_user.o tracex4-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o tracex4_user.o tracex5-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o tracex5_user.o +lathist-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o lathist_user.o # Tell kbuild to always build the programs always := $(hostprogs-y) @@ -36,6 +38,7 @@ always += tracex3_kern.o always += tracex4_kern.o always += tracex5_kern.o always += tcbpf1_kern.o +always += lathist_kern.o HOSTCFLAGS += -I$(objtree)/usr/include @@ -48,6 +51,7 @@ HOSTLOADLIBES_tracex2 += -lelf HOSTLOADLIBES_tracex3 += -lelf HOSTLOADLIBES_tracex4 += -lelf -lrt HOSTLOADLIBES_tracex5 += -lelf +HOSTLOADLIBES_lathist += -lelf # point this to your LLVM backend with bpf support LLC=$(srctree)/tools/bpf/llvm/bld/Debug+Asserts/bin/llc diff --git a/samples/bpf/lathist_kern.c b/samples/bpf/lathist_kern.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..18fa088473cd --- /dev/null +++ b/samples/bpf/lathist_kern.c @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ +/* Copyright (c) 2013-2015 PLUMgrid, http://plumgrid.com + * Copyright (c) 2015 BMW Car IT GmbH + * + * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or + * modify it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public + * License as published by the Free Software Foundation. + */ +#include +#include +#include +#include "bpf_helpers.h" + +#define MAX_ENTRIES 20 +#define MAX_CPU 4 + +/* We need to stick to static allocated memory (an array instead of + * hash table) because managing dynamic memory from the + * trace_preempt_[on|off] tracepoints hooks is not supported. + */ + +struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") my_map = { + .type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, + .key_size = sizeof(int), + .value_size = sizeof(u64), + .max_entries = MAX_CPU, +}; + +SEC("kprobe/trace_preempt_off") +int bpf_prog1(struct pt_regs *ctx) +{ + int cpu = bpf_get_smp_processor_id(); + u64 *ts = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&my_map, &cpu); + + if (ts) + *ts = bpf_ktime_get_ns(); + + return 0; +} + +static unsigned int log2(unsigned int v) +{ + unsigned int r; + unsigned int shift; + + r = (v > 0xFFFF) << 4; v >>= r; + shift = (v > 0xFF) << 3; v >>= shift; r |= shift; + shift = (v > 0xF) << 2; v >>= shift; r |= shift; + shift = (v > 0x3) << 1; v >>= shift; r |= shift; + r |= (v >> 1); + + return r; +} + +static unsigned int log2l(unsigned long v) +{ + unsigned int hi = v >> 32; + + if (hi) + return log2(hi) + 32; + else + return log2(v); +} + +struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") my_lat = { + .type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, + .key_size = sizeof(int), + .value_size = sizeof(long), + .max_entries = MAX_CPU * MAX_ENTRIES, +}; + +SEC("kprobe/trace_preempt_on") +int bpf_prog2(struct pt_regs *ctx) +{ + u64 *ts, cur_ts, delta; + int key, cpu; + long *val; + + cpu = bpf_get_smp_processor_id(); + ts = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&my_map, &cpu); + if (!ts) + return 0; + + cur_ts = bpf_ktime_get_ns(); + delta = log2l(cur_ts - *ts); + + if (delta > MAX_ENTRIES - 1) + delta = MAX_ENTRIES - 1; + + key = cpu * MAX_ENTRIES + delta; + val = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&my_lat, &key); + if (val) + __sync_fetch_and_add((long *)val, 1); + + return 0; + +} + +char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL"; +u32 _version SEC("version") = LINUX_VERSION_CODE; diff --git a/samples/bpf/lathist_user.c b/samples/bpf/lathist_user.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..65da8c1576de --- /dev/null +++ b/samples/bpf/lathist_user.c @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ +/* Copyright (c) 2013-2015 PLUMgrid, http://plumgrid.com + * Copyright (c) 2015 BMW Car IT GmbH + * + * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or + * modify it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public + * License as published by the Free Software Foundation. + */ +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include "libbpf.h" +#include "bpf_load.h" + +#define MAX_ENTRIES 20 +#define MAX_CPU 4 +#define MAX_STARS 40 + +struct cpu_hist { + long data[MAX_ENTRIES]; + long max; +}; + +static struct cpu_hist cpu_hist[MAX_CPU]; + +static void stars(char *str, long val, long max, int width) +{ + int i; + + for (i = 0; i < (width * val / max) - 1 && i < width - 1; i++) + str[i] = '*'; + if (val > max) + str[i - 1] = '+'; + str[i] = '\0'; +} + +static void print_hist(void) +{ + char starstr[MAX_STARS]; + struct cpu_hist *hist; + int i, j; + + /* clear screen */ + printf("\033[2J"); + + for (j = 0; j < MAX_CPU; j++) { + hist = &cpu_hist[j]; + + /* ignore CPUs without data (maybe offline?) */ + if (hist->max == 0) + continue; + + printf("CPU %d\n", j); + printf(" latency : count distribution\n"); + for (i = 1; i <= MAX_ENTRIES; i++) { + stars(starstr, hist->data[i - 1], hist->max, MAX_STARS); + printf("%8ld -> %-8ld : %-8ld |%-*s|\n", + (1l << i) >> 1, (1l << i) - 1, + hist->data[i - 1], MAX_STARS, starstr); + } + } +} + +static void get_data(int fd) +{ + long key, value; + int c, i; + + for (i = 0; i < MAX_CPU; i++) + cpu_hist[i].max = 0; + + for (c = 0; c < MAX_CPU; c++) { + for (i = 0; i < MAX_ENTRIES; i++) { + key = c * MAX_ENTRIES + i; + bpf_lookup_elem(fd, &key, &value); + + cpu_hist[c].data[i] = value; + if (value > cpu_hist[c].max) + cpu_hist[c].max = value; + } + } +} + +int main(int argc, char **argv) +{ + char filename[256]; + + snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s_kern.o", argv[0]); + + if (load_bpf_file(filename)) { + printf("%s", bpf_log_buf); + return 1; + } + + while (1) { + get_data(map_fd[1]); + print_hist(); + sleep(5); + } + + return 0; +} -- 2.34.1